新型加工助剂DF在ACM胶料中的应用研究

研究了自制的新型加工助剂DF对聚丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）加工性能和物理性能的影响。并与常规加工助剂硬脂酸和进口加工助剂WB进行了对比分析。试验结果表明，加工助剂DF用量为1份即可有效地改善ACM胶料的加工性能，如防止混炼胶粘辊、降低门尼粘度和混炼功耗，同时ACM硫化胶仍可保持良好的力学性能、耐热空气和耐热油老化性能以及压缩永久变形性能，透镜电镜分析结果表明，加工助剂DF可以改善炭黑在ACM胶料中的分散性。动态粘弹谱分析结果表明，加入1份加工助剂DF的ACM硫化胶的玻璃化转变温度比无加工助剂的硫化胶降低7.2℃，可有效地提高ACM硫化胶的耐寒性。     

ACM/FKM并用胶耐热性和耐油性研究

笔者是以ACM和FKM为主要原料研究耐热性和耐油性的材料，对其合成所采用的配合剂（如填充剂、加工助剂、加工助剂、防老剂、吸酸剂和硫化促进剂）、二段硫化条件及硫化条件对样品的性能（如耐热性、耐油性和压缩永久变形）进行了探讨，实验结果显示：ACM/FKM合金其耐热性接近氟橡胶，而耐油性接近ACM。     

3种加工助剂在CR中的性能对比

研究加工助RL16,WB16和AC617对CR胶料性能的影响.结果表明:加工助剂RL16或WB16与防焦剂DM并用时,可以提高CR胶料的硫化速度、抗焦烧性能和加工安全性,加工助剂AC617的抗焦烧性能不明显;3种加工助剂对CR硫化胶的物理性能影响不大.     

ACM预硫化时间对NBR/ACM共混胶性能的影响

研究了在丁腈橡胶(NBR)与丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混胶中ACM预硫化时间对共混胶性能的影响。结果表明NBR硫化速度远快于ACM,ACM预硫化工艺能有效提高其硫化程度以及与NBR相的硫化同步性。随着ACM预硫化时间的增加,共混硫化胶拉断强度、扯断伸长率均先增大后减小,100%定伸强度逐渐增大,共混硫化胶耐热空气老化性能先提高后降低,耐油性能逐渐提升。随着ACM预硫化时间的增加,共混胶中ACM相交联密度逐渐增大;热空气老化后,共混胶中ACM相交联密度变化率逐渐缩小;ACM预硫化工艺对共混胶中NBR相交联密度几乎无影响。ACM预硫化工艺可以改善其在NBR中的分散效果。     

CZ/TMTD并用量对NBR/ACM共混胶性能的影响

研究了在NBR/ACM共混胶中,使用半有效硫磺硫化体系条件下,促进剂CZ/TMTD并用量对NBR/ACM共混胶性能的影响。测试了不同CZ/TMTD并用量下NBR/ACM共混胶的硫化特性、力学性能及耐老化性能。结果表明,随着TMTD用量增大、CZ用量的减小,NBR/ACM共混胶硫化程度逐渐增大、硫化速度加快,但焦烧时间迅速减小,加工安全性变差;共混硫化胶扯断伸长率逐渐降低,硬度、拉断强度及100%定伸强度均先升高后降低;共混硫化胶耐热空气、热油老化性能均升高。     

制备工艺对甲基乙烯基硅橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶并用胶性能的影响

采用两种不同工艺制备甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)并用胶,研究制备工艺对MVQ/ACM并用胶结构和物理性能的影响。结果表明:与分别制备MVQ/白炭黑和ACM/白炭黑混炼胶工艺相比,MVQ/白炭黑混炼胶直接与ACM共混制备的并用胶分散较为均匀,并对一段硫化诱导期具有延迟作用。该工艺制备的混炼胶在一段硫化条件为160℃×12 min、二段硫化条件为180℃×120 min时制得的并用胶的综合性能较好。     

无ZnO硫磺/TCY硫化体系对ACM/NBR共混胶性能的影响

研究了无ZnO情况下TCY/S用量对丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混胶的硫化特性、两相交联密度、老化前后物理机械性能的影响,并与ACM、NBR硫化胶做了性能对比。结果表明,随着TCY/S用量增大:ACM/NBR硫化速度逐渐加快,整体硫化程度增大;ACM相交联密度先增大后不变,NBR相交联密度增大,共混胶中各相交联密度与各自纯胶交联密度大致相同;硫化胶硬度和模量上升,扯断伸长率下降,拉伸强度先上升后下降,TCY/S用量1/0.75时拉伸强度达到最大值;热油和热空气老化之后拉伸强度较老化前下降,且下降幅度与TCY/S用量成正比,热油老化之后的体积质量变化率下降;ACM/NBR共混胶的力学性能好于对应的ACM、NBR硫化胶。     

ACM橡胶二段硫化交联网络结构的研究

研究了二段硫化温度和时间对聚丙烯酸酯 (ACM)橡胶交联网络结构的影响 ,结果表明 ,随着二段硫化时间延长 ,表观交联密度 (Vr)出现峰值 ,压缩永久变形值下降 ;随着二段硫化温度升高 ,Vr峰值所对应的二段硫化时间缩短。压缩永久变形值下降 ,当二段硫化条件为 190℃× 4h时 ,ACM硫化胶既可取得较低的压缩永久变形值 ,又可获得良好的物理机械性能。说明在二段硫化过程中 ,ACM硫化胶不仅发生脱氯交联反应 ,同时还存在着多硫键向单硫键、双硫键和碳—碳键的交联结构转变过程以及交联键断裂的老化过程     

NBR预硫化时间对NBR/ACM共混胶性能的影响

研究了在丁腈橡胶(NBR)与丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混胶中NBR预硫化时间对共混胶性能的影响。结果表明在此硫化体系下ACM硫化速度远快于NBR,NBR预硫化工艺能有效提高其硫化程度以及与ACM相的硫化同步性,但预硫化时间过长会导致其门尼黏度增大,不利于两相共混。随着NBR预硫化时间的增加,ZnO在预硫化过程中的消耗量逐渐增加,减小了对共混胶中ACM硫化抑制作用,NBR/ACM共混胶物理机械性能先增大后减小,耐热空气老化性能先增强后降低,耐热油老化性能逐渐提升、随着NBR预硫化时间的增加,NBR相交联密度几乎不变,而ACM相的交联密度随预硫化时间的增加而逐渐变大。     

MVQ/ACM并用胶制备工艺对其硫化特性与性能的影响

采用先制备丙烯酸酯橡胶混炼胶(ACM-SiO2)和甲基乙烯基硅橡胶混炼胶(MVQ-SiO2),然后将两种混炼胶与相容剂共混;以及先制备MVQ-SiO2,然后直接与ACM和相容剂共混两种工艺制备了硅橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶并用胶(MVQ/ACM)。研究了两种制备工艺对MVQ/ACM并用胶的硫化特性与性能的影响。结果表明,硅橡胶混炼胶(MVQ-SiO2)直接与丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混对并用胶的一段硫化诱导期具有延迟作用。该工艺下制备的混炼胶在一段硫化温度为160℃,硫化时间为12min.,且二段硫化温度为180℃,硫化时间为120min.时得到的并用胶综合性能较好,其邵氏硬度为70.2A,拉伸强度为7.32MPa,断裂伸长率为332.43%。     

硫化剂TCY对丙烯酸酯橡胶的硫化特性

研究了硫化剂ＴＣＹ对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）的硫化特性。通过改变硫化温度,分析了硫化反应活化能,并研究了硫化剂及助硫化剂在不同用量下的硫化特性和硫化胶性能。试验结果表明,硫化剂ＴＣＹ对活性氯型ＡＣＭ具有低温快速硫化能力,其硫化反应活化能为６０５２ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１;添加少量硫黄作为ＡＣＭ的助硫化剂,可有效提高胶料的硫化速度和交联度,硫化胶的综合性能良好     

TCY／硫黄对ACM／NBR并用胶的交联作用

从混炼胶的硫化特性和硫化胶物理性能等方面考察了三聚硫氰酸（ＴＣＹ）、硫黄和ＴＣＹ／硫黄对丙烯酸酯橡胶（ＡＣＭ）、丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）及其并用胶的交联作用。结果表明,ＴＣＹ／硫黄硫化体系适用于ＡＣＭ／ＮＢＲ并用胶、并用胶的物理性能达到甚至超过了两种胶料的物理性能的加和水平;ＡＣＭ／ＮＢＲ共混并用,加工性能得到明显改善     

复合硫化体系对ACM/NBR共混胶性能的影响

分别采用TCY/硫黄、3#硫化剂/硫黄/促进剂、皂/硫黄/促进剂3种复合硫化体系硫化ACM/NBR共混胶。研究不同复合硫化体系、TCY用量和硫黄用量对ACM/NBR共混胶硫化特性、力学性能、耐热老化性能、耐油性能和压缩永久变形性能的影响,结果表明,TCY/硫黄复合硫化体系硫化的ACM/NBR共混胶的综合性能优于3#硫化剂/硫黄/促进剂和皂/硫黄/促进剂复合硫化体系,当TCY/硫黄的用量为1.5/0.3份时,ACM/NBR共混胶具有良好的综合物理机械性能。     

硫化体系对EPDM／ACM共混胶性能的影响

研究了7种不同硫化体系对EPDM／ACM共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,采用DCP／TCY硫化体系硫化的共混胶,具有合适的正硫化时间和交联密度,拉伸强度接近最大值,为17．2MPa,撕裂强度最大,为38．5N／mm,压缩永久变形最小,为30．6％,耐热空气老化性能较好。DCP／TCY并用硫化体系为EPDM／ACM共混胶的最佳硫化体系。     

TCY/TRA复合硫化体系对ACM/ECO共混胶性能的影响

分别采用TCY/TRA和TCY/NA-22两种硫化体系硫化 ACM/ECO共混胶.研究了不同硫化体系、TCY用量和TRA用量对ACM/ECO共混胶的硫化特性,力学性能、耐热老化性能、耐油性能和高温压缩xxx永久变形性能的影响.结果表明,TCY/TRA硫化体系能使ACM/ECO共混胶实现共硫化;其用量为1.5份/1.5份...     

Role of PbO in covulcanization of carboxylated nitrile–polyacrylic rubber blend in the presence of ethylene thiourea or mercaptobenzothiazole

The effects of metal oxide (PbO) on covulcanization of the blend [carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR)–Polyacrylic rubber (ACM) = 50 : 50] in the presence of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) or ethylene thiourea (ETU) have been evaluated to elucidate the curing mechanism. The optimum mole ratio of ETU–PbO and MBT–PbO with respect to cure characteristics and physical properties have been found to be 1 : 1.5 and 1 : 0.5, respectively. The examination of infrared (IR) spectra reveals that crosslinking occurs at the C? Cl cure site of the ACM and COOH cure site of the XNBR. Based on the optimum mole ratios and Spectral analysis a scheme of reactions has been proposed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

活性氯型丙烯酸酯橡胶的热可逆共价交联及力学性能

利用环戊二烯在常温下自动二聚成双环戊二烯(DCPD)和在高温下DCPD又可解聚成环戊二烯的热可逆Diels—Alder反应,将双环戊二烯二甲酸钾[DCPD(COOK)2]引入活性氯型丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)中,使其与活性氯原子反应形成热可逆共价交联结构,制备了可高温热塑加工而低温下又具有较好力学性能的新型热塑性弹性体,研究了交联剂种类及用量、交联温度、交联时间、相转移催化剂四丁基溴化铵、加工次数等对活性氯型ACM力学性能的影响。结果表明,DCPD(COOK)：对活性氯型ACM具有较强的反应活性;四丁基溴化铵的加入有利于DCPD(COOK)：在活性氯型ACM中的分散,并显著提高胶料的力学性能;活性氯型ACM热可逆共价交联胶料可重复加工,且经过三次加工后力学性能变化不大。     

Mechanism of morphology development in dynamically cured EPDM/PP TPEs. I. Effects of state of cure

Attempts were made to follow and correlate morphological development with the crosslinking density, or state of cure (SOC), and the surface tension (γ) of the rubber phase in dynamically cured thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on ethylene propylene diene rubber and polypropylene (PP) with 60/40 (w/w) ratios. Samples were taken from a hot running mixer without interruption and quickly quenched in liquid nitrogen both before and after the onset of vulcanization at various SOCs to carry out this process. The quick cooling of the samples prevented the coalescence and agglomeration of the dispersed rubber particles. A two‐phase morphology with the rubber particles dispersed throughout the PP matrix was observed for the uncured but frozen samples, whereas unfrozen blend samples showed a particulate cocontinuous morphology in the uncured state. An increase in the mixing torque with the SOC was observed after the addition of a curing system. This was understood to be caused by the increase in the rubber crosslinking density and also by the enhancement of the interfacial adhesion between the cured rubber phase and the PP matrix, leading to the better wetting of the two phases. Above a certain crosslinking density (SOC), γ of the rubber particles decreased through elastic shrinkage. This phenomenon, together with the breakdown of the agglomerate structure formed by the cured rubber particles, led to a decrease in the mixing torque after a maximum was passed and, finally, to a defined morphology. Based on the obtained results, a four‐stage model is proposed to describe the microstructural development in dynamically vulcanized TPEs. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry results are also used to support the model. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 2531–2544, 2001     

Effect of curing systems on polymer-filler interaction,technical properties and fracture mode of carboxylated nitrile rubber

The effects of carbon black on polymer-filler interaction, technical properties and fracture mode of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) cured by different curing systems have been studied. Technical properties show improvement in all cases with increase of filler loadings. At lower loadings of filler, a marked difference in physical properties was observed among different curing systems whereas this difference is minimized at higher loadings when polymer-filler interaction overshadows the effect of the crosslinking system. Scanning electron microscope studies of tensile fracture surfaces have been made. While filler has marked effect on fracture mode, crosslinking system seems to have little effect. Unfilled (gum) and carbon-black (N 550) filled XNBR vulcanizates show different fracture patterns irrespective of the curing system. This is true in the case of sulphur, metal oxide and metal oxide-sulphur mixed crosslinking systems. But the dicumyl peroxide cured system shows a different fracture pattern and the difference is more in the case of gum vulcanizates.