实数编码的演化算法求解TSP问题

对新近提出的求解TSP问题的实数编码的染色体表示方式进行了研究，为了去除存在于这种染色体表示方式中的冗余，对其进行了改动，然后设计了相应的多父体杂交算子和变异算子，完成了一个实数编码的求解TSP问题的演化算法。实验结果表明，这个算法是可行的，能够使解收敛到一定的程度，但还需要提高其收敛的能力。所以下一步的工作重点在于根据这种染色体表示方式的特点，进一步研究更合适的算子，从而得到更好的解。     

基于贪心基因库的并行TSP演化算法

设计求解TSP问题的贪心基因库并行演化算法.该算法基于改进的反序交叉并行TSP演化算法,对主进程和子进程进行适当修改,引入了贪心基因库算子,将基因库中的基因片,替换演化群体中个体的基因片.实验结果表明,算法能取得更好的解.     

求解TSP问题的实数编码演化算法

采用实数编码的染色体表示方式,先后自行设计实现了两种演化算法求解TSP问题.其中第二种算法中使用了自适应演化算子,能有效消除路径上的交叉,并能在一定程度上进行合理的段位移,更加符合该染色体表示方式的特点.实验结果表明,用实数编码的染色体表示方式求解TSP是可行的,而且使用自适应演化算法求解可以取得比较好的结果.     

一种求解TSP问题的演化算法

针对IGT算法在求解旅行商问题(TSP)中存在的求解规模较小、求解成功概率较低等问题,通过改进原有映射算子及Inver-over算子并引入求异算子,提出一种新的求解TSP问题的演化算法。方差对比及T-test结果表明,与IGT算法相比,该算法可以求得概率较高的最优解,且稳定性也更好。     

一种改进的演化算法及其在求解复杂优化问题中的应用*

针对传统演化算法在求解函数优化,特别是多峰函数优化问题中出现的早熟现象以及演化后期收敛速度慢等问题,提出了一种新的反序小生境演化算法。该算法采用小生境反序交叉算子,以进一步增强局部寻优的能力;引入一种并行演化算法机制,加强群体寻优能力;同时,根据定义域划分初始种群,增加初始种群的覆盖面积。通过仿真实验表明,与传统的小生境演化算法相比较,利用该算法求解复杂多峰函数优化问题能够明显提高问题的求解精度和收敛速度,而且能够得到所有的全局最优解,更好地避免了求解问题时的早熟现象,达到了较好的效果。     

基于改进Inver-over算子的并行TSP演化算法

设计了基于近邻点初始化和改进Inver-over(反序杂交)算子求解旅行商问题的并行演化算法.该算法执行时,主进程每当收集到各个种群的最好个体并形成精英种群时,就对该种群执行一次Inver-over算子,然后将其中最好的个体发送给各个种群.在PVM(并行虚拟机)并行环境下的实验结果表明,并行后能取得更好的解,并且在主进程中建立精英种群的演化有助于更好更快的收敛.     

求解TSP问题的社会演化算法

将社会演化算法和蚁群算法相结合,以蚁群算法作为认知主体的推理过程,再以范式的学习和更新方式获得最优解,提出一种求解TSP问题的社会演化算法。最后通过两个算例实验仿真与TSP已知最优解进行对比分析,结果表明,社会演化算法在种群规模较小,迭代次数较少的情况下也可获得TSP最优解。     

基于交互式的并行蚁群优化算法

传统蚁群优化算法研究已经取得了很多重要的成果,但是在解决大规模组合优化问题时仍存在早熟收敛,搜索时间长等缺点.为此,将邻域搜索技术与蚁群优化算法进行融合,提出一种新的并行蚁群优化算法,实验结果表明,在解决大规模TSP问题时,该算法求解质量和稳定性更好,在短时间内即可得到较高质量的解.     

一种并行ACS-2-opt算法处理TSP问题的方法

针对基本ACS算法模型求解TSP问题的缺陷,对ACS算法添加2-opt邻域搜索策略,增强算法对TSP问题解的构造能力,提高算法对TSP问题的求解精度。同时,根据ACS算法易于并行化的特点,使用并行化ACS算法与算法参数优化混合方案,提高ACS算法求解TSP问题的速度。最终实现了对中等规模TSP问题具有较好求解性能的并行ACS-2-opt算法。实验结果表明,2-opt策略对于提升ACS算法的求解精度具有明显的效果;采用不同参数设定信息素启发因子时,求解时间具有较大差异;在采用节点距离倒数作为期望启发值时,ACS算法模型呈现退化性;在并行条件下,ACS-2-opt算法处理TSP问题时具有良好的并行性能。     

对一类带聚类特征TSP问题的并行遗传算法求解

提出了一种带聚类处理的并行遗传算法,该算法首先对大规模TSP问题进行聚类处理,将其分解成一些小规模TSP问题,然后分别对每个小规模TSP问题利用遗传算法并行求解,最后将所有小规模TSP问题的解按一定规则合并成大规模TSP问题的解。对大规模TSP问题的模拟实验表明该算法极大地提高了遗传算法的收敛速度。     

Evolutionary algorithm with a directional local search for multiobjective optimization in combinatorial problems

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are often employed to multiobjective optimization, because they process an entire population of solutions which can be used as an approximation of the Pareto front of the tackled problem. It is a common practice to couple local search with evolutionary algorithms, especially in the context of combinatorial optimization. In this paper a new local search method is proposed that utilizes the knowledge concerning promising search directions. The proposed method can be used as a general framework and combined with many methods of iterating over a neighbourhood of an initial solution as well as various decomposition approaches. In the experiments the proposed local search method was used with an EA and tested on 2-, 3- and 4-objective versions of two well-known combinatorial optimization problems: the travelling salesman problem (TSP) and the quadratic assignment problem (QAP). For comparison two well-known local search methods, one based on Pareto dominance and the other based on decomposition, were used with the same EA. The results show that the EA coupled with the directional local search yields better results than the same EA coupled with any of the two reference methods on both the TSP and QAP problems.     

进化算法研究进展

进化算法是一类借鉴生物界自然选择和自然遗传机制的随机搜索算法，主要包括遗传算法，（ｇｅｎｅｒｉｃａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓ，简记为ＧＡｓ）、进化规划（ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｉｎｇ，简记为ＥＰ）和进化策略（ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙｓｔｒａｔｅｇｉｅｓ，简记为ＥＳｓ），它们可以用解决优化和机器学习等问题，进化算法的两个主要特点中群体搜索策略及群体中个体之间的信息交换，进化算法不依赖于梯度信     

EvAg: a scalable peer-to-peer evolutionary algorithm

This paper studies the scalability of an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) whose population is structured by means of a gossiping protocol and where the evolutionary operators act exclusively within the local neighborhoods. This makes the algorithm inherently suited for parallel execution in a peer-to-peer fashion which, in turn, offers great advantages when dealing with computationally expensive problems because distributed execution implies massive scalability. In this paper we show another advantage of this algorithm: We experimentally demonstrate that it scales up better than traditional alternatives even when executed in a sequential fashion. In particular, we analyze the behavior of several EAs on well-known deceptive trap functions with varying sizes and levels of deceptiveness. The results show that the new EA requires smaller optimal population sizes and fewer fitness evaluations to reach solutions. The relative advantage of the new EA is more outstanding as problem hardness and size increase. In some cases the new algorithm reduces the computational efforts of the traditional EAs by several orders of magnitude.     

一种改进的求解TSP问题的近似算法

旅行商问题(TSP)是典型的具有NPC复杂性的组合优化问题。在现有求解TSP问题的2-近似算法closest-point算法基础上,通过对插入点的插入位置进行改进,提出了一种有效的近似算法最近点前后插入法(CPBOA),并采用TSPLIB中的一些典型实例对该算法进行了测试,同时与典型的常数近似比算法MST-PRIM算法和closest-point算法进行了比较。实验结果表明,该算法在求解质量上与closest-point和MST-PRIM算法相比都有很大的改进,而且速度也很快。     

Parallelism and evolutionary algorithms

This paper contains a modern vision of the parallelization techniques used for evolutionary algorithms (EAs). The work is motivated by two fundamental facts: 1) the different families of EAs have naturally converged in the last decade while parallel EAs (PEAs) are still lack of unified studies; and 2) there is a large number of improvements in these algorithms and in their parallelization that raise the need for a comprehensive survey. We stress the differences between the EA model and its parallel implementation throughout the paper. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of PEAs. Also, successful applications are mentioned and open problems are identified. We propose potential solutions to these problems and classify the different ways in which recent results in theory and practice are helping to solve them. Finally, we provide a highly structured background relating to PEAs in order to make researchers aware of the benefits of decentralizing and parallelizing an EA     

Integrating Variable Reduction Strategy With Evolutionary Algorithms for Solving Nonlinear Equations Systems

Nonlinear equations systems (NESs) are widely used in real-world problems and they are difficult to solve due to their nonlinearity and multiple roots. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are one of the methods for solving NESs, given their global search capabilities and ability to locate multiple roots of a NES simultaneously within one run. Currently, the majority of research on using EAs to solve NESs focuses on transformation techniques and improving the performance of the used EAs. By contrast, problem domain knowledge of NESs is investigated in this study, where we propose the incorporation of a variable reduction strategy (VRS) into EAs to solve NESs. The VRS makes full use of the systems of expressing a NES and uses some variables (i.e., core variable) to represent other variables (i.e., reduced variables) through variable relationships that exist in the equation systems. It enables the reduction of partial variables and equations and shrinks the decision space, thereby reducing the complexity of the problem and improving the search efficiency of the EAs. To test the effectiveness of VRS in dealing with NESs, this paper mainly integrates the VRS into two existing state-of-the-art EA methods (i.e., MONES and DR-JADE) according to the integration framework of the VRS and EA, respectively. Experimental results show that, with the assistance of the VRS, the EA methods can produce better results than the original methods and other compared methods. Furthermore, extensive experiments regarding the influence of different reduction schemes and EAs substantiate that a better EA for solving a NES with more reduced variables tends to provide better performance.      

Evolutionary algorithms for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based dynamic spectrum access systems

This paper proposes two evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to perform dynamic spectrum assignment in distributed OFDM-based cognitive radio access networks. To achieve better radio resource utilization, the central spectrum manager (CSM) jointly considers the type of modulation level which can be used by each radio pair when deciding the number of subcarriers to be assigned. Using the piecewise convex transformations, we reformulate the nonlinear integer programming problem to an integer linear programming so that it is possible to obtain the optimal solution. While the solution to the integer linear programming problem is NP-hard, the proposed EAs provide useful suboptimal solutions especially when the number of radios and subcarriers are large. Our first proposed EA adopts the genetic algorithm. Although the reproduction process generates chromosomes which do not fulfill the constraints, our algorithm integrates the invisible walls technique used in particle swam optimization to retain the diversity while constructing chromosomes for the next generation. The second EA adopts the ant colony optimization approach using a directed multigraph. The vertices are used to represent the subcarriers and each edge corresponds to a possible chosen modulation index of a specific radio. We further obtain the performance of the two EAs through simulations and benchmark them against the optimal solution. Our studies show that ant colony algorithm gives better solutions most of the time, however, its computation time increases much faster compared to generic algorithm when the numbers of users and subcarriers increase.     

一种主从式并行遗传算法设计

该文对串行遗传算法进行了并行设计,加入对当前通用消息传递接口MPI的支持,形成了一个主从式并行遗传算法。针对该算法用经典的测遗传算法效率的OliverTSP问题进行测试,得出并行遗传算法可以更好的提高遗传算法的收敛性。     

基于多蚁群的并行ACO算法

通过改变蚁群优化(ACO)算法行为,提出一种新的ACO并行化策略——并行多蚁群ACO算法。针对蚁群算法存在停滞现象的缺点,改进选择策略,实现具有自适应并行机制的选择和搜索策略,以加强其全局搜索能力。并行处理采用数据并行的手段,能减少处理器间的通信时间并获得更好的解。以对称TSP测试集为对象进行比较实验,结果表明,该算法相对于串行算法及现有的并行算法具有一定的优势。