Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

铝土矿低钙石灰烧结过程热力学分析

通过对CaO-Al2O3、CaO-Al2O3-SiO2、CaO-SiO2、Al2O3-SiO2系的热力学分析,探讨铝土矿低钙石灰烧结过程中的热力学反应规律。结果表明,在烧结温度范围内(1 200～1 400℃),生成CaO.Al2O3和2CaO.Al2O3.SiO2的反应能发生,Al2O3可与SiO2生成Al2O3.SiO2。     

Fe_2O_3对青石粉矿渣微晶玻璃晶化及结构的影响

以青石粉为主要原料,采用熔融法制备了MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2(MAS)系堇青石基微晶玻璃,利用差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段分析了Fe_2O_3对MAS系堇青石基微晶玻璃晶化能力和晶体结构的影响。结果表明:以青石粉为主要原料可以制备出主晶相为堇青石、次晶相为顽火辉石的MAS系微晶玻璃;随着Fe_2O_3含量的增加,样品的玻璃化转变温度和晶化温度逐渐降低;且Fe_2O_3在玻璃相中的富集会促进堇青石相的析出;同时堇青石晶粒的长径比随着Fe_2O_3含量的增加而不断减小。     

Activity Calculation in Complex Metallurgical Molten Slag Systems Based on Regular Solution Model

 The activity of FetO is very important in ironmaking and steelmaking process. In order to predict the activity of FetO and optimize the operation conditions in ironmaking and steelmaking process, by application of regular solution model in molten slag systems, FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 ternary system, FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2-CaO and FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2-NiO quaternary systems have been studied by the chemical equilibrium between H2/H2O gas mixture and liquid slag contained in solid iron. The values of interaction energy between cations concerning steelmaking slags have been determined by application of ferric-ferrous iron equilibrium and iron-ferric iron equilibrium. And then the activity of FetO can be calculated. The results show that the relative error is 39% in FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 system and 18% in FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2-CaO system. The prediction of activities of FetO in the systems are in good agreement with the measurements and the regular solution model is valid for predicting the activity of FetO in complex molten slags systems. The activity of FetO in FeO-Fe2O3-NiO system have not been tested presently, and the calculated result can not be assessed.     

Study on thermal expansion behavior of Dy2O3 - Al2O3 - SiO2 glass

Employing Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 as starting materials, several series of Dy2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 sealing glass were prepared. The relationship between their coefficients of thermal expansion and the contents of Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 were studied respectively. Experimental results showed that Dy2O3 and Al2O3 had a positive effect on the coefficient of thermal expansion of glass, whereas, SiO2 had a negative effect. The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass showed an apparent linear relation to the contents of these three raw materials, from which an estimation model was built, to calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion of sealing glass. Relative errors of the calculating results to testing results were no more than 2%, which suggested that the estimation model was reasonable. This study provides a good theory reference for the practical utilizing of this sealing material, through which a proper glass composition for good sealing could be easily found.     

Status of Research on Application of High Purity Rare Earth Oxides in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a high-efficient and environmentally friendly power generation system.The rare earth oxide materials are used extensively in the manufacturing of SOFC components.In particular, the CeO2doped with Gd2O3 or Sm2O3, lanthanide perovskite oxides are indispensable and key materials for developing the intermediate temperature SOFC.The research and development status of application of high purity rare earth oxides in SOFC was overviewed.The rare earth oxide-based and -doped materials were discussed for the SOFC components.Concerning the rare earth oxides applicable to SOFC, several topics were also pointed out for further researching and developing.     

低碱度低氧化铝精炼渣对帘线钢夹杂物控制

 研究了低碱度、低氧化铝精炼渣对帘线钢夹杂物控制情况。试验采用LD→LF精炼→软吹Ar→连铸工艺生产帘线钢,在碱度1.0、Al2O3质量分数为5%左右的精炼渣成分控制条件下,钢中酸溶铝AlS的质量分数控制在0.000 5%左右,进而控制夹杂物中Al2O3质量分数在22%以内,使得帘线钢中氧化物夹杂MnO-Al2O3-SiO2类、CaO-Al2O3-SiO2类复合夹杂物实现了良好的塑性化控制。根据分析,在帘线钢夹杂物去除方面,软吹氩处理对钢中CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系复合夹杂物去除效果比对MnO-Al2O3-SiO2类夹杂物更加明显;在成分控制方面,钢液中AlS含量随着炉渣碱度、炉渣Al2O3质量分数的升高而升高,而夹杂物中Al2O3质量分数会随着钢液中AlS含量升高而升高。     

Effects of Doping CeO2, Er2O3 on Properties of TiO2-SiO2 Ceramics for Catalyst Supporter of deNOx

Effects of doping CeO2 and Er2O3 on the mechanical strength, thermal expansion coefficient, sintering temperature of TiO2-SiO2 ceramics were investigated. The experimental results and the microscopic analysis of SEM, XRD, TG-DSC, FT-IR and TEM show that adding CeO2 and Er2O3 into TiO2-SiO2 ceramics can prohibit the growth of its crystal grains, make their size uniform and form them into a dense structure, which finally enhance its mechanical behaviors, and the lower thermal expansion coefficient that leads to an excellent property of thermal shock resistance. After the reforming TiO2-SiO2 ceramics doped by CeO2 was sintered at 1380 ℃, the bending strength reached to 83 MPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient was 9.8×10-6/℃ within the temperature range of 25～800 ℃, which provides a promising basis of making equipped honeycomb catalyst of deNOx.     

Catalytic Reduction of SO2 on CeO2-La2O3 Rare Earth Mixed Compounds

Adding rare earth oxide CeO2 with variable valences to La2O3 formed a mixture of rare earth oxides. By means of dipping CeO2, La2O3 and their mixture, whose carriers were all γ-Al2O3, were used as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO. The activation process of this catalyst and the impact of temperature and reactant concentration on the activation process were investigated. Using X-ray diffraction, the structure characteristics of catalyst before and after reaction were analyzed to reveal the change of phase structure. The result shows that the rare earth oxide mixtures composing of CeO2 and La2O3, as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO, diminish activation temperature 50～100℃ less and have higher activity than a single oxide CeO2 or La2O3. The reason possibl is that La2O3 goes into in the lattice of CeO2 to form solid phase complex CeO2-La2O3 and increases the capability of CeO2-La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst to store oxygen, which supplies the redox of CeO2 reaction with a better condition. At the same time, elemental sulfur formed in the redox reaction impels La203 to be transformed to activation phase La2O2S in a lower temperature, which can be explained with the synergism between redox reaction and COS intermediate mechanism reaction.     

从金泥中提金的研究

本文以Ｎａ２Ｏ－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元系为基本渣型，对金泥的熔炼过程进行了研究。研究结果表明：采用最佳熔剂配比和熔炼制度直接熔炼金泥，可使渣含金降至３０ｇ／ｔ以下，金直收率达９９．８％以上。     

SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO系夹杂物低熔点区域优化及控制的热力学计算

为了预测CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系夹杂物具有良好变形能力的成分控制范围,首次通过热力学软件Fact-Sage对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系液相投影图、低熔点区域大小进行了计算分析,并以阀门弹簧钢60Si2CrA为例,对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系低熔点夹杂物的生成条件进行了探讨.结果表明...     

MIVM对含V2O3多元熔渣体系组元活度的预测

 为了研究钒在攀钢转炉中的热力学行为及分配,根据钒渣的成分对CaO-MgO-Al2O3-V2O3-SiO2熔渣中各组元的活度进行研究。应用分子相互作用体积模型（MIVM）及其伪多元法预测MgO-Al2O3-SiO2、CaO-V2O3-SiO2、CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2渣系中某组元的活度值,并与试验值对比。结果表明,MIVM伪多元法预测值与试验值吻合良好,MgO-Al2O3-SiO2渣系中Al2O3的平均相对误差为15%;CaO-V2O3-SiO2渣系中V2O3的平均相对误差为33%;CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2渣系中SiO2的平均相对误差为13%。在此基础上,利用MIVM预测CaO-MgO-Al2O3-V2O3-SiO2熔渣中各组元的活度,并将V2O3的预测值与试验值对比分析,结果表明,预测值与试验值吻合良好,都呈正偏差,平均相对误差为44%,V2O3的活度随碱度的提高而下降。     

氧化铋基固体氧化物燃料电池电解质研究进展

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)被誉为21世纪最具有发展潜力的能源技术之一。由于氧化铋基电解质在低较温度下具有较高的氧离子电导率,是用作中低温固体氧化物燃料电池较理想的电解质材料。文章综述了Bi2O3基固体电解质材料的一般性质和掺杂剂及其浓度对材料性能的影响,并对此材料在低氧分压下易还原的性质及抗老化相变的研究情况进行了总结。最后,提出了Bi2O3基电解质的研究方向。     

Synthesis and spectral properties of Nd-doped glass-ceramics in SiO2-CaO-MgO system prepared by sol-gel method

SiO2-CaO-MgO glass and glass-ceramic powder doped with Nd3+ were synthesized with sol-gel method.Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS),Ca(NO3)2·4H2O,Mg(NO3)2·6H2O,Nd(NO3)3·6H2O,ethanol,distilled water,and HNO3 were used as starting materials.The synthesized powder’s properties were examined with simultaneous thermal analysis (STA),X-ray diffraction (XRD),photoluminescence (PL) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.The STA curves showed that the softening point and crystallization temperatures were shifted to higher temperatures with increasing dopant content.Regarding XRD patterns of glass samples,Nd was found to act as an intermediate oxide in glass matrix.The XRD patterns of glass-ceramic samples indicated that bredigite and akermanite crystallized in the glass matrix after heat treating at 900 oC.The fluorescence spectra showed that glass-ceramics emitted much stronger irradiation than glasses with the same dopant content.The SEM images illustrated uniform and homogeneous distribution of applied oxides in glass and glass-ceramic compositions.     

顶渣对帘线钢中夹杂物塑性化的控制

以某钢厂生产的帘线钢铸坯试样为原料,使用硅钼棒炉对其进行顶渣熔炼实验,研究顶渣成分对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 类夹杂物塑性化的影响。结果表明, 在顶渣碱度为0.8～1.2时,随着顶渣中Al2O3 质量分数的增加夹杂物中的Al2O3 质量分数也随之增加。当顶渣中Al2O3质量分数低于10%时,CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 类夹杂物的成分在塑性区范围,对应的此时钢液中的w［Al］s低于8×10-6。通过控制顶渣的成分可以把CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 类夹杂物的成分控制在塑性区内。     

Liquidus Phase Diagram of CaO-SiO2-La2O3-Nb2O5 System with w(La2O3) = 15 to 25 Pct

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The thermodynamic information of the CaO-SiO2-Nb2O5-La2O3 system is of great significance for the utilization of Nb and RE resources from minerals. In...     

Mechanism of Slag Composition Change During Electroslag Remelting Process

 The mass loss rate of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag system originated from ANF-6 was studied with CaF2, CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO content as variables. The method of quadratic regression orthogonal design was used for the design and analysis of the experiment. The experimental results indicated that mass loss rate of slag can be increased by 6% with CaF2 changing from 50% to 65%. Mass loss increases with SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO adding and decreases with CaO content increasing. Because of the reaction between oxide and fluoride in the slag pool, apparent mass loss of CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-SiO2-MgO slag system appears at melting point. This will cause obvious composition change of electroslag. In addition, the segregation occurs in the slag skin forming process. This is another reason causing the composition change of electroslag.     

Inclusion Variations of Hot Working Die Steel H13 in Refining Process

 Inclusion variations of die steel H13, including changes of species, morphologies, compositions, amounts and sizes, in the production of EAF→LF→VD→ingot casting→electro-slag refining (ESR) procedure, were investigated by systematic sampling, and analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and metallographic microscope. The variation mechanism was studied by comprehensive analysis of total oxygen, nitrogen, and acid soluble aluminum as well as chemical test of refining slag. Based on the investigations, technical measures for cleanness improvement were discussed. The results show that oxide inclusions in H13 steel change from irregular Al2O3→near globular CaO-MgO-Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 complex inclusions→finer CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with higher CaO content→CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with higher Al2O3 content and irregular MgO-Al2O3 inclusions→fine irregular MgO-Al2O3-CaS inclusions in various steps of the production; the variations are related with changes of acid soluble aluminum content, reactions between slag and steel, re-oxidation of liquid steel during casting, and refining of ESR. It is also found that Al2O3 inclusions are modified by refining slag in LF and VD refining; and ESR plays a good role in inclusion removal, especially in controlling the large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries. It is suggested that casting protection should be improved, and the basicity of refining slag and acid soluble aluminum content in steel should be raised.     

溶胶凝胶法制备TiO_2–SiO_2复合薄膜及特性表征

以钛酸丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为原料,采用溶胶–凝胶法制备TiO_2–SiO_2复合薄膜,通过热重分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、原子力显微镜和接触角测试等方法对样品进行表征。结果表明,TiO_2–SiO_2复合薄膜中存在Ti–O–Si化学键,薄膜具有较好的热稳定性,内部结构均匀且具有较高的孔隙率,平均孔径为50.2 nm;加入SiO_2使复合膜表面酸性提高从而吸附更多的羟基,表现出更强的亲水性能;当TiO_2:SiO_2=3:2(摩尔比)时,复合膜表面亲水性能良好。     

Experimental Study on Deep Desulfurizer in LF Process

 Abstract： CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2-MgO was selected as the slag system for desulfurization in LF process. The reaction between steel and slag during desulfurization has been simulated by using Factsage software to study the influence of component on the sulfur distribution ratio. In order to research the influence of CaO content, aluminum powder content and its granularity on desulfurization, laboratory experiments have been carried out in a 200 kg inductive furnace. Results showed that the optimal composition of deep desulfurizer is wCaO=64% and aluminium powder 10% with a granularity of 30 μm. Industrial trials showed that the main composition range of final slag in LF process is wCaO=530%-570%, wAl2O3=234%-251%, wSiO2=81%-100%, and wCaF2=32%-47%. The sulfur mass percent in steel is lower than 00008% with a desulfurization rate above 89%. According to the result of industrial production, this desulfurizer could meet the production requirement for ultra-low sulfur steel, of which sulfur mass percent is under 00015%.