千兆电子伏重离子加速器——兰州冷却储存环

能量达千兆电子伏的兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环HIRFL-CSR,是一个集加速、累积、电子冷却及内外靶实验于一体的多功能双冷却储存环同步加速器系统,由主环CSRm和实验环CSRe构成,并以兰州重离子回旋加速器系统HIRFL作注入器。CSR将重离子束的能量从兆电子伏提高到千兆电子伏,同时利用空心电子束冷却技术将束流的动量分散及发射度降低1~2个数量级,并提供多种类的高电荷态重离子束以及放射性次级束(RIBs),以开展更高精度的物理实验及更广范围的应用研究。兰州冷却储存环于2006年建成并投入运行,实现了剥离注入与多圈注入、空心电子束对重离子束的冷却与累积、变谐波宽能区同步加速、等时性环型谱仪、RIBs的产生与收集以及重离子束的快慢引出,并实现了高能重离子束的空心电子束冷却,使得重离子束的动量分散降低到10^-5量级,而发射度收缩到0.1πmm•mrad以下。同时,完成了短寿命近滴线核素的高分辨质量测量物理实验及高能重离子束深层治癌的临床应用实验。     

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环射频堆积过程模拟

考虑了重离子冷却储存环中粒子纵向相振荡的运动特性及电子冷却的作用,模拟兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL－CSR）主环中的射频堆积过程,给出了高频参数在射频堆积过程中随时间的变化曲线,为高频腔的设计及机器运行时的参数预置了理论依据。     

MM-2电子回旋共振加热实验的等离子体诊断

主要叙述了MM-2装置通过ECRH加热等离子体并形成热电子环的实验诊断方法,原理、结果和讨论。该方法采用多栅分析器测得了冷等离子体电子密度和温度、离子密度和温度、冷电子端损失分布和冷等离子体电子密度径向分布、寿命及电子环的位置大小。本文还扼要介绍了低频扰动的测量方法测得电子环的形成时间和存在时间。     

碳剥离膜在HIRFL-CSR的应用和电荷态分布的测量

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环的离子注入方式包括剥离注入和多圈多次注入。在剥离注入中,带电离子通过碳膜后的电荷态分布对注入效率有较大影响。本工作对离子通过碳膜后的电荷态分布进行了测量,并阐述了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环上剥离器的应用,给出了离子通过碳膜后电荷态分布的测量结果。     

~(12)C~(3+)离子束在HIRFL-CSRe上的初步电子冷却调试

非全裸离子在储存环内冷却储存时主要通过碰撞离化和辐射电子俘获进行损失。兰州重离子加速器(HIRFL)实验环(CSRe)调束发现,能量为122 MeV/u的~(12)C~(3+)离子束注入到CSRe后的存储寿命仅为6.6s,且电子冷却效果不明显。本文结合CSRe真空条件计算了~(12)C~(3+)离子束的存储寿命及其电子冷却时间,确定了CSRe平均真空度为10-8 Pa量级是导致非全裸的~(12)C~(3+)离子束存储寿命减小的主要原因,而电子冷却作用及辐射电子俘获引起的~(12)C~(3+)离子束损失被~(12)C~(3+)离子束与残余气体碰撞离化损失所掩盖,即~(12)C~(3+)离子束在未被完全冷却前便由于存储寿命过短而近乎全部损失。这解释了CSRe初步电子冷却调试中~(12)C~(3+)离子束快速损失的主要原因。     

HIRFL-CSR电子冷却装置电子枪的参数测试

在用实心电子束对离子进行冷却过程中，束流累积会增强电子离子重组概率和空间电荷效应而引起束流损失。针对这个问题，HIRFL-CSR电子冷却装置采用了一种能够产生从实心到空心电子束且电子束密度连续可调的特殊电子枪设计。本文介绍电子枪的结构及工作特点，给出一些主要参数的实验结果，并通过理论计算分析了用空心电子束进行冷却的优点。      

两级拓扑结构的脉冲电源控制策略研究

介绍了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL-CSR）脉冲电源,并对主环（CSRm）四极铁电源运行过程中的纹波和电流误差进行了理论分析,给出了一种带前级调压的斩波电源解决方案。对拓扑结构的控制策略仿真,并在数字电源平台上进行实验,结果表明,主电路结构和控制方式是切实可行的。     

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环加速过程的束流反馈

正在建设中的兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL-CSR）主环用于束流的加速。在加速过程中,为了保证束流的谐振加速,须准备2个束流反馈环(相位反馈环和束流径向位置反馈环)来保证主导磁场与高频频率的同步。本文基于Laplace变换及数值计算结果，分析了束流反馈环对同步加速器中束流动力学行为的影响。     

SUNIST球形托卡马克的研究进展

球形托卡马克为聚变能的商业应用提供了一条可能的途径。中国联合球形托卡马克SUNIST以真空室的环向和极向都有绝缘隔缝为结构特征。该装置的主要任务是研究低环径比等离子体的基本特性和等离子体的非感应加热与电流驱动。包括同轴磁螺旋性注入电流启动、电极放电辅助电子回旋波电流启动、电子伯恩斯坦波以及离子高次谐波快波加热与电流驱动。装置已经顺利组装完毕,并安装了磁测量、静电探针和软X射线等基本的诊断系统。目前正处于系统联调阶段。     

800MeV电子储存环VME总线ramping板的研制

介绍了合肥国家同步辐射实验室８００ＭｅＶ电子储存环主电源控制系统中ＶＭＥ总线ｒａｍｐｉｎｇ板的设计及研制过程。     

The Application of a Digital Computer to the Control and Monitoring of a Proton Linear Accelerator

Preliminary design studies have been carried out on the control system for an 800-Mev proton linear accelerator based on the use of an on-line digital computer as the main controlling element. The accelerator system is divided into fifty-two subsections or modules. A module has complete control of all the equipment associated with it. Selected data and monitoring signals are transmitted on a time-shared basis to a central control computer. The functions which the computer performs in the control of the accelerator may be classified into Operational Control, Operational Supervision, and Data Monitoring and Handling. The operator gives instructions to the computer through interrupt lines. Commands to the modules and displays for the operator time-share a common channel in the computer output system. Synchronization of the input and output data flow is controlled by the computer through a timing unit. A comparison has been made of the computer-based control system with a possible alternate system which does not use a computer. The computer replaces much of the control and data handling equipment required by the alternate system. As a result, the costs of the two systems are comparable. However, the computer-based system is preferable since it has many functional advantages over the alternate system.     

60Co工业DR无损检测的计算机控制系统

介绍了计算机控制在^60Co工业DR无损检测系统中的应用，涉及步进电机控制、电气保护、计算机控制程序等方面的内容。该系统性能优良、控制方便、可靠、运行与维护费用低，应用前景良好。     

The development of data acquisition and control system for extraction power supply of prototype RF ion source

A 16 kV/20 A power supply was developed for the extraction grid of prototype radio frequency (RF) ion source of neutral beam injector.To acquire the state signals of extraction grid power supply (EGPS) and control the operation of the EGPS,a data acquisition and control system has been developed.This system mainly consists of interlock protection circuit board,photoelectric conversion circuit,optical fibers,industrial compact peripheral component interconnect (CPCI) computer and host computer.The human machine interface of host computer delivers commands and data to program of the CPCI computer,as well as offers a convenient client for setting parameters and displaying EGPS status.The CPCI computer acquires the status of the power supply.The system can turn-off the EGPS quickly when the faults of EGPS occur.The system has been applied to the EGPS of prototype RF ion source.Test results show that the data acquisition and control system for the EGPS can meet the requirements of the operation of prototype RF ion source.     

Multiplex Control and Monitoring of a Large Accelerator

A time-sharing pulse multiplex system is described which will perform most of the control and monitoring functions for the Cornell 10-GeV electron synchrotron. Beyond the reduction in the number of cable runs and the more compact presentation of data at the control desk made possible by this system, the control language is also suited for communication with a computer. Operation of the accelerator under computer control is envisaged.     

HIRFL-SSC注入引出位置调整控制系统的研制

介绍了兰州重离子加速器控制系统中分离扇回旋加速器（SSC）注入引出静电偏转板控制系统的硬件结构和软件设计。该控制系统实现了对位置调整电机的计算机控制和Windows界面操作，使SSC注入引出位置调整更加方便和准确。     

Digital Computer Control of a Research Reactor

This report describes a feasibility experiment for a fully automatic operation of Hitachi Training Reactor, emploving an digital computer control system. The system consists of a small control computer (2K words), an input-output peripherals, 3 BF3 counters and a countrol rod mechanism driven by a pulse motor.     

上海同步辐射装置平移长线圈磁测机的研制

描述了上海同步辐射装置(SSRF)平移长线圈磁测机的设计和制造。磁测机包括的硬件主要有：测量线圈、直线运动平台、高精度数字积分仪、步进电机控制卡、高稳定度电源、直流电流传感器、6位半数字电压表、通用接口总线(GPIB)接口卡及高精度编码器等。磁场测量和数据分析程序采用LabVIEW编制。该磁测机已测量了SSRF储存环二极磁铁的样机，效果良好，能做到灵活、快速和自动化地测量积分场。     

压水堆核动力系统模糊控制研究

采用自调节模糊控制方法对压水堆核动力系统进行了模糊控制研究。建立了主要控制参数的模糊控制子系统 ,并实现了核动力系统的整体模糊控制。仿真表明 ,与传统PID控制系统相比 ,模糊控制系统能达到更好的控制效果 ,显示了模糊控制在核动力系统的应用前景     

HIRFL-CSR重离子治癌远程定位及监测系统设计

为满足兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL-CSR）浅层和深层重离子治癌装置中对病人病灶位置信息的监测与远程控制的需求,基于FPGA技术构建嵌入式实时控制系统,以PCI总线为通信接口,选用凌华的PXI3800工业控制计算机为上位机,并采用逐点比较运动控制算法来实现定位控制,开发了相应的软件和可视化的监控界面,完成了加速器束运系统和治疗装置的集成。经现场测试,本系统运行稳定可靠,达到了设计要求。     

A Time-Optimal,On-Off,Program for the NRU Reactor Digital Computer Control Experiment

Methods by which we can control flux tilts and maintain constant overall power of a high flux research reactor (NRU) using digital computer control are described. From coolant water temperature signals, the digital computers detect overall power deviation caused by flux tilts and control the reference setting to the analog neutron flux control system.

First, according to sampled-data control theory and with linear approximation, a control program which is repeated regularly with fixed period is obtained mainly from time domain synthesis.

Second, methods for computer time saving are studied, since the computers are time-shared amongst various tasks. One method is to change the constant period of control calculation to being dependent on system error. Actually an On-Off sampling scheme is used for this purpose. The other method is, in addition to the former, to change control calculation itself. A Time Optimal Control is applied to our control program.

These control programs were designed, programmed, and then tested for the NRU simulator system. The results showed that considerable computer time was saved by the proposed methods.