纳米金和磁性纳米颗粒在生物传感器中的应用

纳米技术的出现为纳米材料在分析化学领域的发展和应用开辟了新的方向。纳米材料的优异性能例如比表面积大、反应活性高等为生物检测奠定了基础。综述了纳米材料中纳米金和磁性纳米颗粒在生物传感器中的应用,并对其将来的发展进行了展望。     

纳米技术在生物传感器中的应用研究进展

纳米材料因其特殊物理结构和电化学性质在生物传感器中有着广泛的应用,以纳米技术为基础的生物传感器的研究为生命科学及其相关领域的研究提供了许多新的方法。介绍了生物传感器的研究进展,分析了固定化酶时引入纳米颗粒的作用,探讨了金纳米粒子和碳纳米管的结构、特性、功能,评述了纳米粒子在生物传感器中的具体应用,展望了纳米技术的介入对生物传感器的发展所带来的美好前景。     

金纳米颗粒的制备及其在电化学生物传感器中的应用进展

金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)因其特殊的物理化学性质，其在生物催化及电化学生物传感器中有着越来越多的应用。其制备方式及步骤简单，与电化学生物传感器相结合可更加灵敏、特异地检测重大疾病的核酸、蛋白、肿瘤标志物等。该文章对于AuNPs的制备及在电化学生物传感器中的应用进行介绍。     

复合二氧化硅纳米颗粒的制备及在生物分析方面的应用

描述了二氧化硅纳米颗粒的3种常见制备方法,并对其在生物分析方面的应用如生物传感器、DNA/RNA检测和收集、基因送递等进行了讨论。     

金纳米颗粒在电化学传感中的应用

介绍了金纳米颗粒的合成与表面修饰,基于其功能化电极和电化学传感器的构建,综述了金纳米颗粒在电化学传感中的应用,如用于生物小分子、重金属离子/非金属有毒物质、癌细胞的实时检测等。     

石墨烯基纳米材料电化学检测生物分子的最新进展

石墨烯、氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯纳米片可以很容易地与各种类型的无机纳米颗粒（包括金属、金属氧化物、半导体纳米颗粒、量子点、有机聚合物和生物分子）结合，以创建各种各样的基于石墨烯的纳米复合材料，增强生物传感器应用的灵敏度。本文综述了石墨烯/纳米金复合材料作为新兴的电化学生物传感器，用于检测葡萄糖、胆固醇、多巴胺（DA）、抗坏血酸（AA）、尿酸（UA）和农药生物分子，具有更高的灵敏度、选择性和较低的检测极限。最后，展望了石墨烯生物传感技术的发展前景。     

纳米颗粒在非常规油藏水力压裂中的应用进展

本文综述了纳米颗粒在非常规储层水力压裂中的应用现状,重点介绍了纳米颗粒的作用机理、应用、研究成果、技术挑战和未来研究方向。并指出纳米材料在改善粘弹性表面活性剂流体、泡沫基流体和聚合物基压裂液流变学方面的应用前景。以往的研究结果表明,纳米材料具有尺寸小、比表面积大、磁性能强、强度和稳定性好等独特的性能,可以应用于井下纳米传感器、纳米支撑剂、破胶剂和降滤失剂的开发。     

生物表面活性剂介导纳米颗粒的生物合成及其应用进展

生物表面活性剂参与纳米材料合成是一项新兴技术,解决了纳米颗粒易聚集、形态大小不均一等问题,为生物技术大规模合成稳定的纳米颗粒提供了新的思路.简介了生物表面活性剂的特性和种类,综述了生物表面活性剂介导纳米颗粒的生物合成研究进展,总结了生物纳米颗粒在石油工业及生物修复等方面的应用.指出未来的研究重点是:合成具有良好稳定性、...     

金属纳米颗粒的制备及其在酶生物传感器中的应用研究

近年来，金属纳米颗粒的制备研究引起了人们的广泛兴趣．与相应的块体材料相比，金属纳米颗粒具有独特的化学和物理性质，可应用于电学、催化、磁性材料、光催化、生物染色剂、药物输送等许多领域．其中，传感器是纳米颗粒最有前途的应用领域之一．传感器的微型化是传感器发展的主要研究方向，     

生物分子功能化纳米酶的模拟酶性质及可视化生物传感应用

对生物分子功能化纳米酶的研究背景、意义以及模拟酶的概念和应用进行概述,详细介绍了生物分子功能化纳米酶的设计和制备方法,分析了模拟酶的催化机理、反应动力学、催化效率和稳定性等性质,讨论了生物分子功能化纳米酶在生物传感器、医药和环境监测等领域的应用,讨论了纳米酶在生物体内的分布、代谢途径及其形态和结构表征技术,探讨了生物分子功能化纳米酶的发展趋势。通过对生物分子功能化纳米酶的全面介绍,有助于深入了解和探究该领域的研究进展和应用前景。     

纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的研究进展

综述了国内外纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的最新进展。无机纳米粒子改性聚合物的方法包括；直接生成法，原位生成法，插层复合法和反相微乳液法，其中直接生成法简单易行，但解决不了纳米粒子的团聚问题，其余方法则可使纳米粒子均匀分散在聚合物中形成纳米复合材料，无机纳米粒子改性后的聚合物既具有突出的力学性能，又有许多功能性，综合了无机，有机，纳米材料的优良性能，在许多领域有广阔的应用前景。     

用于提高石油采收率的纳米技术研究进展

对近年来纳米技术在提高原油采收率方面的应用作了较详细的介绍和评述。其中包括由表面活性剂和疏水改性纳米粒子组成的纳米乳液、纳米粒子增强的粘弹表面活性剂体系、固体纳米粒子稳定的CO2气体泡沫和纳米分子沉积膜的作用机理及提高采收率的应用效果;还包括微-纳米颗粒封堵技术、纳米降压增注技术、纳米材料改性破乳技术、尤其是油藏纳米机器人等技术在石油开发方面的应用;并提出了应用于提高石油采收率领域的纳米技术发展方向。     

Biosurfactant Mediated Biosynthesis of Selected Metallic Nanoparticles

Developing a reliable experimental protocol for the synthesis of nanomaterials is one of the challenging topics in current nanotechnology particularly in the context of the recent drive to promote green technologies in their synthesis. The increasing need to develop clean, nontoxic and environmentally safe production processes for nanoparticles to reduce environmental impact, minimize waste and increase energy efficiency has become essential in this field. Consequently, recent studies on the use of microorganisms in the synthesis of selected nanoparticles are gaining increased interest as they represent an exciting area of research with considerable development potential. Microorganisms are known to be capable of synthesizing inorganic molecules that are deposited either intra- or extracellularly. This review presents a brief overview of current research on the use of biosurfactants in the biosynthesis of selected metallic nanoparticles and their potential importance.     

Topical delivery of silver nanoparticles promotes wound healing

Wound healing is a complex process and has been the subject of intense research for a long time. The recent emergence of nanotechnology has provided a new therapeutic modality in silver nanoparticles for use in burn wounds. Nonetheless, the beneficial effects of silver nanoparticles on wound healing remain unknown. We investigated the wound-healing properties of silver nanoparticles in an animal model and found that rapid healing and improved cosmetic appearance occur in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, through quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and proteomic studies, we showed that silver nanoparticles exert positive effects through their antimicrobial properties, reduction in wound inflammation, and modulation of fibrogenic cytokines. These results have given insight into the actions of silver and have provided a novel therapeutic direction for wound treatment in clinical practice.     

Nanoinformatics: Emerging Databases and Available Tools

Nanotechnology has arisen as a key player in the field of nanomedicine. Although the use of engineered nanoparticles is rapidly increasing, safety assessment is also important for the beneficial use of new nanomaterials. Considering that the experimental assessment of new nanomaterials is costly and laborious, in silico approaches hold promise. Several major challenges in nanotechnology indicate a need for nanoinformatics. New database initiatives such as ISA-TAB-Nano, caNanoLab, and Nanomaterial Registry will help in data sharing and developing data standards, and, as the amount of nanomaterials data grows, will provide a way to develop methods and tools specific to the nanolevel. In this review, we describe emerging databases and tools that should aid in the progress of nanotechnology research.     

纳米科技的发展对卤化银技术进步的影响

纳米科技和纳米材料在过去的十几年得到了迅速的发展,并将继续发展并渗透到各个领域,给世界和人类生活带来不可估量的影响。“纳米技术”真的是一个新的概念？事实上,某些材料的制备和使用早已经涉及了这个长度范围,卤化银照相技术就是“老”的纳米技术之一,在早期,从事卤化银照相的人们凭经验和有限的能力控制材料的某些结构在纳米级范畴,随着纳米科学的发展,纳米技术在卤化银照相领域的使用走过了从无意识到有目的的过程,促进了照相科学的发展。本论文将结合卤化银技术在21世纪的发展趋势,从三个方面（在纳米级研究卤化银照相,卤化银微晶上的纳米结构,纳米卤化银微粒）探讨纳米科学对卤化银技术进步的影响。     

纳米结构组装体系的制备和应用

纳米结构的自组装体系的出现,标志着纳米材料科学研究进入了一个新的阶段。将纳米结构单元组装成二维(2D)或三维(3D)的纳米颗粒的有序阵列,对纳米器件的构筑具有重要的意义。利用自组装技术,合成具有有序结构的纳米颗粒阵列结构或复合结构是科学家们研究的热点。本文介绍了自组装的方法,综述了自组装技术在纳米技术发展中的应用以及研究现状。     

Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticle as a Novel Antibiotic Carrier for the Direct Delivery of Antibiotics

In addition to the benefits, increasing the constant need for antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic bacterial resistance over time. Antibiotic tolerance mainly evolves in these bacteria through efflux pumps and biofilms. Leading to its modern and profitable uses, emerging nanotechnology is a significant field of research that is considered as the most important scientific breakthrough in recent years. Metal nanoparticles as nanocarriers are currently attracting a lot of interest from scientists, because of their wide range of applications and higher compatibility with bioactive components. As a consequence of their ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria, nanoparticles have been shown to have significant antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic efficacy in the battle against antibiotic resistance in microorganisms. As a result, this study covers bacterial tolerance to antibiotics, the antibacterial properties of various metal nanoparticles, their mechanisms, and the use of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as novel antibiotic carriers for direct antibiotic delivery.     

Safe Nanoparticles: Are We There Yet?

The field of nanotechnology has grown over the last two decades and made the transition from the benchtop to applied technologies. Nanoscale-sized particles, or nanoparticles, have emerged as promising tools with broad applications in drug delivery, diagnostics, cosmetics and several other biological and non-biological areas. These advances lead to questions about nanoparticle safety. Despite considerable efforts to understand the toxicity and safety of these nanoparticles, many of these questions are not yet fully answered. Nevertheless, these efforts have identified several approaches to minimize and prevent nanoparticle toxicity to promote safer nanotechnology. This review summarizes our current knowledge on nanoparticles, their toxic effects, their interactions with mammalian cells and finally current approaches to minimizing their toxicity.