硝基化合物键极性诱导指数与其性质的关系

本文通过作者编制的计算机程序,计算了碳硝基化合物、硝胺化合物、硝酸酯化合物等近百个硝基化合物的键极性诱导指数,讨论了键极性诱导指数与化合物安定性的关系。     

液晶化合物的研究进展

综述了近年液晶化合物的研究和发展现状,从含氟液晶化合物、偶氮苯类液晶化合物和环己烷类液晶化合物三方面介绍了相关液晶化合物的合成及性能,并就液晶化合物今后的发展前景进行了分析与展望。     

硝基化合物键极性诱导指数与其性质的关系

本文通过作者编制的计算机程序,计算了碳硝基化合物、硝胺化合物、硝酸酯化合物等近百个硝基化合物的键极性诱导指数,讨论了键极性诱导指数与化合物安定性的关系。     

液晶化合物的研究进展

综述了近年液晶化合物的研究和发展现状,从含氟液晶化合物、偶氮苯类液晶化合物和环己烷类液晶化合物三方面介绍了相关液晶化合物的合成及性能,并就液晶化合物今后的发展前景进行了分析与展望。     

气相扩散法制备石墨层间化合物述评

本文从碱金属-石墨层间化合物、碱土金属-石墨层间化合物、稀土金属-石墨层间化合物、金属卤化物-石墨层间化合物、卤素-石墨层间化合物以及其他类型的石墨层间化合物六个方面简要介绍了气相扩散法在石墨层间化合物制备中的应用,指出了气相扩散法存在的问题和进一步的发展方向.     

五味子化学成分的分离和结构鉴定

目的研究五味子中木脂素类化学成分。方法应用正相硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、制备型和分析型HPLC及重结晶等方法对五味子提取物的乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分进行了系统研究。结果从五味子乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到了8个化合物,鉴定化合物为五味子醇甲(化合物1)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(化合物2)、五味子甲素(化合物3)、柠檬酸双甲酯(化合物4)、柠檬酸单甲酯(化合物5)、五味子酯丙(化合物6)、Schinlignan E(化合物7),当归酰戈米辛H(化合物8)。结论化合物2为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

偕胺肟基化合物的合成及表征

以盐酸羟胺和氰基化合物为原料,设计、合成了标题化合物.利用红外光谱、核磁共振(H谱、C谱)、元素分析、质谱等方法确定了标题化合物的结构,优化了标题化合物的合成条件.     

有机辅助热稳定剂的功能及其应用

介绍了亚磷酸酯、环氧化合物、多元醇、含氮化合物、含硫化合物、β-二酮化合物等PVC辅助热稳定剂的有机化合物等,讨论了它们与主稳定剂并用和在复合稳定体系中的功能及应用效果。     

甘草甜素残液化学成分及含量的研究

对甘草提取甘草甜素后的残液进行了研究，经溶剂提取、硅胶柱层析分离，共分离鉴定了２１种化合物，其中五环三萜类化合物８种，黄酮类化合物１２种，脂肪化合物１种，并地各化合物的含量进行了研究。     

pH荧光探针的合成及光谱性能

以邻苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、间苯二酚及其衍生物为起始原料,合成得到12个含氨基的荧光化合物,通过核磁确认了化合物的结构,所有化合物均为首次合成。测定了化合物在不同p H值条件下的荧光发射光谱,考察p H值对化合物荧光强度的影响规律。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。