大数据技术在江苏烟草数据中心的应用

以大数据技术的发展为背景,结合江苏烟草数据中心建设的实际情况,分析了江苏烟草数据中心以Hadoop及Impala等大数据技术为核心,辅以Kettle和JSP等数据处理及展现技术共同构建基于大数据技术的自定义数据查询平台的架构设计和实现方案。展现了大数据技术带来的远超传统技术平台的灵活性以及对于大数据量查询的快速响应能力。     

汽车工业企业的Hadoop大数据平台设计

在万物互联大数据时代的海量数据处理中,如何大数据中挖掘出数据中的潜在信息价值并转化为决策依据的能力,特别是对于拥有高附加值数据的汽车企业,将是企业重要竞争力。开源Hadoop在大数据分析过程中,有着易扩展、成本低、吞吐量大等优势,Hadoop分布式平台已经成为绝大多数企业的首选。本文设计实现基于Hadoop开源技术为汽车工业中的企业进行大数据平台设计,实现高效率、高可扩展、高容错、低延时大数据平台,保证了平台的高容错性和灵活性。     

基于Hadoop的海量电费数据处理模型

随着电费数据量的快速增长,某特大型集团公司财务管理信息系统传统的电费数据处理模式已经成为系统的性能瓶颈. Hadoop是一个可实现大规模分布式计算的开源框架,具有高效、可靠、可伸缩的优点,被广泛应用于海量数据处理领域. 本文在对电费业务和Hadoop进行分析和研究的基础上,提出了电费数据新的处理模型,建立了基于Hadoop和Hive的电费明细数据处理平台. 实验证明该模型可以有效解决目前海量电费数据处理面临的性能瓶颈,提高电费数据处理的速度和效率,并且可以提供高性能的明细数据查询功能.     

云计算Hadoop平台的异常数据检测算法研究

近年来,随着我国互联网技术的飞速发展与大规模网络运算平台研究的深入,云平台下的数据处理已成为大规模数据的主要处理方式;但是,现有的云计算Hadoop平台在海量数据异常涌入状态下,常常出现数据逻辑错误、数据链完整性缺失、数据失效的问题,造成无法对上述异常数据进行有效检测处理,严重影响云计算Hadoop平台的数据运算准确性;针对上述问题,提出云计算Hadoop平台的异常数据检测算法研究方法;采用JNS数据采集筛查模组、算法逻辑补偿模组与动态反馈模组对现有的云端计算平台存在的问题进行针对性解决;通过仿真模拟实验证明,提出的云计算Hadoop平台的异常数据检测算法研究方法,具有异常数据识别率高,准确性高,速度快、可实施性强、稳定性好的特点。     

基于决策树挖掘算法的气象大数据云平台设计

大数据、云计算技术的迅猛发展为挖掘气象数据丰富的科研和经济价值提供了技术支撑,促进了Hadoop及其包含的文件存储系统(HDFS,Hadoop Distributed File System)和分布式计算模型在气象数据处理领域广泛应用。由于气象数据具有大数据的4V特征,还需要引入新的数据处理算法来提高气象数据处理效率。通过对决策树算法原理的研究,基于Hadoop云平台,创建随机森林模型,为数据挖掘算法在云平台上的应用提供一种新的可能性。基于决策树(CART,Classification And Regression Trees)挖掘算法的气象大数据云平台设计,采用Hadoop系统架构和MapReduce工作流程,对气象大数据云平台采用集群部署。平台总体架构分为基础设施层、数据管理与处理层、应用层,减少了决策树建立的时间,实现了气象数据高效加工和挖掘分析等平台功能。     

云计算在航天测试领域的研究与应用

为满足航天测试领域日益增长的数据处理需求,利用云计算技术提高航天测试领域的数据处理性能和数据可靠性,数据安全性,主要从三个方面对云计算技术与航天测试领域结合进行了研究,首先建立以Hadoop为基础架构的云计算平台,设计新的测试数据传输方案,并以Hadoop冗余备份机制为基础,提高数据可靠性;其次,对云计算平台的数据处理模块进行了研究,并与航天测试领域的数据比对工作相结合;最后,为云计算平台设计了安全性更高的身份认证和加密模块.通过与原有航天测试工作对比分析可以看出,云计算对航天测试领域数据处理速度的提升是巨大的,安全模块也有效的对数据进行了保护,适应了航天测试领域对安全方面的高要求,将云计算应用于航天测试领域具有极大的潜力和广阔的前景。     

海量农业数据云平台的研究

在传统的关系型数据库模式的使用中,存在大量的农业数据存储容量小和管理不够完善的问题。基于对Hadoop的分析,提出运用Hadoop框架构建海量农业数据处理云平台,并给出了平台架构和部分实验结果。通过实验数据表明,该方法可以为搭建农业海量数据云平台提供方法论基础,并实现了农业大数据有效的存储和管理。     

基于Hadoop平台的分布式重删存储系统

针对数据中心存在大量数据冗余的问题,特别是备份数据造成的存储容量浪费,提出一种基于Hadoop平台的分布式重复数据删除解决方案。该方案通过检测并消除特定数据集内的冗余数据,来显著降低数据存储容量,优化存储空间利用率。利用Hadoop大数据处理平台下的分布式文件系统(HDFS)和非关系型数据库HBase两种数据管理模式,设计并实现一种可扩展分布式重删存储系统。其中,MapReduce并行编程框架实现分布式并行重删处理,HDFS负责重删后的数据存储,在HBase数据库中构建索引表,实现高效数据块索引查询。最后,利用虚拟机镜像文件数据集对系统进行了测试,基于Hadoop平台的分布式重删系统能在保证高重删率的同时,具有高吞吐率和良好的可扩展性。     

基于Hadoop的智慧社区大数仓库系统设计与开发

传统社区管理主要通过人工信息登记打电话、登门、拜访等管理方式，不仅效率不高，还重复劳动，更无法满足超大社区的治理需求。Hadoop是Apache软件基金会旗下的一个开源分布式计算平台，为用户提供了系统底层细节透明的分布式计算架构。针对智慧社区后端数据分析仍需加强的问题，基于Hadoop设计了一款智慧社区大数据仓库系统，构建业务数据采集平台，数据仓库维度建模。为智慧社区运营驾驶舱（车辆进出、门禁刷卡、社交电商等）提供数据支持，提高智慧社区的数据处理能力。     

烟草商业系统大数据处理架构的设计与实现

烟草行业期望通过大数据应用提升企业核心竞争力。本文通过对企业业务与战略目标的分析,找出烟草商业企业大数据的所在与应用需求,并根据企业大数据类型与大数据应用的特点,设计出符合企业需求的大数据处理架构并逐步实现,探索未来烟草大数据中心的建设之路。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.