35%丁苄可湿性粉剂防除水稻秧田和直接田杂草

３５％丁苄可湿性粉剂１９９４－１９９５年防除水稻秧田和直接田杂草的试验。结果表明：秧田在播种后１０天使用丁苄１．５，１．８，２．２５千克／公顷，对稗草的防效为８９．７－９３．７％，总杂草防效９６．８－９９．２％。直播稻田在播种后５天使用丁苄１．８、２．２５千克／公顷，对稗草的防效９２．９－９４．１％，总杂草防效９７．８－９９．０％。丁苄对水稻安全。     

水稻直播田杂草防除技术试验研究

１９９４年对直播稻田进行了药剂除草研究。结果表明：播前用５％丁草胺颗粒剂１公斤／６６６．７米＾２，播后再用１０％苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂１５克／６６６．７米＾２处理，对稗草、阔叶草及总体杂草株防效分别为９４．６％、８７．３％９２．３％；鲜重防效分别达９９．４％、９２．８％、９９．３％。播后５天单用苄嘧黄隆１５克／６６６．７米＾２，对稗草、阔叶草、总体杂草株防效分别为８０．４％、６９．４％、７７．４％；鲜     

几种除草剂防除直播稻田稗草和千金子的效果

试验结果表明，直播早稻芽期每亩用１０％吡嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂１０克、立针期每亩用３０％丙草胺乳油１００毫升、１７．２％哌草丹－苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂２００克、一叶一心期亩用３４％二氯喹啉酸－苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂２８克、二叶一心期每亩用５０％二氯喹啉酸丁湿性粉剂２５克加１０％吡嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂１０克，对稗草和千金子均有理想的防除效果，鲜重防效分别为８８．３￣９９．１％和９２．３％￣１００％，且对水稻安全。     

早稻抛秧田一次性化学除草效果试验

本文介绍了应用３５％丁苄可湿性粉剂、５０％二氯喹啉酸加１０％苄嘧黄隆超微可湿性粉剂与泥土混和措施施对早稻抛秧田要草的防除效果，安全性和增产作用，试验结果表明，在水稻抛载后５天施丁苄１２０克１５０克以及抛栽后７天施二氯喹啉酸３０克加苄嘧共隆１５克对划稻抛秧田的主要杂草如稗草、异型莎草、鸭香草、节节苯和矮慈姑等均有显著的防效，其总体防治效果可分别达到９６．１％、９７．１％和９８．７％，且对水稻生长无不     

40%直播净防除直播水稻田杂草的效果

０％直播净（丙·苄）ＷＰ是直播水稻田除草剂,为明确该药剂对杂草的防效、对水稻的安全性及使用技术,１９９８年我们在金华市蒋堂镇进行了防除直播水稻田杂草的田间小区试验。现将试验结果报告如下：１　材料与方法１．１　供试药剂４０％直播净可湿性粉剂（有效成分：丙草胺、苄嘧磺隆,杭州天一农药化工厂提供）;３０％草杀特乳油（丙草胺＋安全剂,杭州农药总厂生产）;１０％苄磺隆可湿性粉剂（有效成分：苄嘧磺隆,江苏常州农药厂生产）。１．２　试验作物及防治对象水稻为早籼稻金早２２。试验田杂草有稗草、矮慈菇、节节菜、陌上…     

90%高杀草丹乳油防除水稻秧田和水直播田杂草

１９９６年用高杀草丹乳油防除中稻秧田、水稻直播田杂草。六安、和县两地试验结果表明，每公顷用１．５－１．８公升高杀草丹乳油２０天对稗草株防效为９０．１－９８．８０％，对杂草总体株防效为８９．７－９８．８％。９０％高杀草丹乳油为中稻秧田和水直播田理想的除草剂。     

二氯喹啉酸防除不同叶龄稗草效果

２５％二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂的不同用量对不同叶龄的稗草都有较好的防效，而且对水稻安全。每亩用４０克对２～３叶龄稗草的株防效达８５～９５％；５０克对４～５叶龄稗草株防效达６５～８５％；６０克对６～７叶龄、８０克对７叶龄以上稗草株防效达６０％左右，以上各处理的鲜重防效均在８５％以上。亩用１００克对孕穗至抽穗期稗草的抑制率达１００％，中毒稗草叶片枯黄，植株矮小，不能正常抽穗、结实。     

三氯喹啉酸防除不同叶龄稗草效果

２５％二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂的不同用量对不同叶龄的稗草都有较好的防效，而且对水稻安全。每亩用４０克对２－３叶龄稗草的株防效达８５－９５％；５０克对４－５叶龄稗草株防效达６５－８５％；６０克对６－７叶龄、８０克对７叶龄以上稗草株防效达６０％左右，以上各处理的鲜重防效均有８５％以上。亩用１００克孕穗至抽穗期稗草的抑制率达１００％，中毒稗草叶片枯黄，植株矮小，不能正常抽穗，结实。     

水田除草剂18%稻草灵可湿性粉剂

田间小区试验结果表明，１８％稻草灵可湿性粉剂每公顷２２５－８２５克剂量下，以杂草的总防效为９２．３－９９．１％，稍优于其他水田除草剂，如稻田净、１０％苄．甲可湿性粉剂，乙草胺－苄嘧典隆混剂，吡嘧黄隆和苄嘧黄隆，对水稻安全。     

直播单季稻田杂草防除试验

田间试验表明，３５％丁草胺－苄嘧黄隆在水稻播种后６天用１５０克／６６７米＾２，１２％Ｈｅ草酮在水稻播种前３天用１５０毫升／６６７米＾２，对直播单季稻田主要杂草千金子、稗草、异型莎草、矮慈姑、节节菜、鸭舌草等均具有显著的防除效果，总草防效分别达９７．３％和９５．６％。根据直播单季稻田杂草分布的具体情况，有选择性地应用丁草胺、哌草丹－苄嘧黄隆、丙草胺、吡嘧黄隆，能收到较好的除草效果。     

手裹清香话粽子

说起来粽子是吃纪念，其实是吃新鲜、吃节令、吃健康，仿佛吃着吃着，春天也就吃下去了。     

鉴湖畔 黄酒浓

<正>绍兴黄酒,天下无双。其绝佳的色香味,源于大自然与手工的杰作。绍兴,一座江南水乡,更是一座被酒香浸润千年的古城。提起绍兴,总让人想到鲁迅先生笔下的孔乙己再怎么落魄,也总要在咸亨酒店打一壶黄酒,来一碟茴香豆。在世界三大酿造古酒中,唯有黄酒源于中国,而"天下黄酒千百种,独以绍兴名天下"。     

Effects of White Rice, Brown Rice and Germinated Brown Rice on Antioxidant Status of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and can be increased by diet like white rice (WR). Though brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) have high antioxidant potentials as a result of their bioactive compounds, reports of their effects on oxidative stress-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes are lacking. We hypothesized therefore that if BR and GBR were to improve antioxidant status, they would be better for rice consuming populations instead of the commonly consumed WR that is known to promote oxidative stress. This will then provide further reasons why less consumption of WR should be encouraged. We studied the effects of GBR on antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic rats, induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection, and also evaluated the effects of WR, BR and GBR on catalase and superoxide dismutase genes. As dietary components, BR and GBR improved glycemia and kidney hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and prevented the deterioration of total antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic rats. Similarly, GBR preserved liver enzymes, as well as serum creatinine. There seem to be evidence that upregulation of superoxide dismutase gene may likely be an underlying mechanism for antioxidant effects of BR and GBR. Our results provide insight into the effects of different rice types on antioxidant status in type 2 diabetes. The results also suggest that WR consumption, contrary to BR and GBR, may worsen antioxidant status that may lead to more damage by free radicals. From the data so far, the antioxidant effects of BR and GBR are worth studying further especially on a long term to determine their effects on development of oxidative stress-related problems, which WR consumption predisposes to.     

井冈霉素在大米及稻壳中的残留研究

研究并建立了井冈霉素A在大米和稻壳中的残留分析方法。样品经溶剂提取,C18固相萃取小柱净化后,用液相色谱检测。样品前处理过程简单,方法准确可靠,灵敏度和准确度达到了农药残留检测的要求。井冈霉素A标准曲线的线性范围为0.8～80 mg/L,线性相关系数为0.999 9。井冈霉素A在上述样品中的平均添加回收率(0.2～2 mg/kg)在80.08%～87.66%之间,变异系数最大为13.58%。     

Fatty Acid Composition of Indica-and Japonica-Types of Rice Bran and Milled Rice

Fatty acid compositions of 10 cultivars each of Indicaand Japonica types of rice bran and milled rice were investigated. The Indica-type, as compared with the Japonica-type, had significantly higher palmitic, stearic, linolenic, and arachidic acid contents and lower linoleic and eicosenoic acid contents in the bran and milled rice, and lower oleic acid content in the bran. The correlation coefficient between oleic and linoleic acid contents of bran and milled rice was negative in the Indica-and Japonica-types and was the highest between all fatty acids. The regression line in the scatter diagrams between oleic and linoleic acid contents of bran and milled rice divided the Indica and Japonica lines.     

烯唑醇防治水稻肥床旱育秧苗立枯病的效果

烯唑醇防治水稻档旱育秧苗立枯病，在播种时土壤上和一叶一心期施药，控制死苗株和病苗株效果８０％左右，还有调节活性。     

水稻秸秆的微波液化研究

以苯酚为液化剂,甘油为辅助液化剂,在浓硫酸催化作用下对水稻秸秆进行微波液化。分别研究了液化条件对液化残渣率的影响,并通过单因素试验和正交试验得出最佳反应条件:即在微波功率500 W,液固比为7:1,m(苯酚):m(甘油)为4:1,浓硫酸用量为5%,150 ℃,反应时间22.5 min,所得残渣率最小,为7.17%。凝胶渗透色谱结果显示随着液化时间的延长,液化产物的相对分子质量出现逐渐减小的趋势,而分散系数则略增大。通过液化产物的红外光谱分析发现,纤维素和半纤维素较易降解,液化残渣主要成分是木质素及其衍生物。     

稻壳的综合利用

论述了用稻壳制备木糖、水玻璃、活性炭及单细胞蛋白饲料的生产工艺和生产方法。     

稻田除草剂的新发展

本文论述了稻田除草剂的发展及主要问题，介绍了旱田除草剂二甲戊乐灵与异嗯草酮在稻田的使用及最近开发的若干新品种。