柔性吸波纺织复合材料的制备及其性能

选用三维正交织物作为基布,以聚氨酯为黏合剂将炭黑复合在基布上制备柔性可折叠吸波纺织复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶红外光谱、硬挺度仪、矢量网络分析仪与拱形框连接对复合材料的微观形貌、结构、柔性和吸波性能进行分析。结果表明：当浸渍溶液中炭黑质量分数为15%,复合材料的弯曲高度为10 cm,显示出良好的柔韧性;测试角度为0°时,材料的有效吸波频宽(EAB)可覆盖整个X波段;测试角度为30°时,在10.64 GHz得到了最小反射损耗(RL_min)-41.33 dB,显示添加适量的炭黑,可以有效提高复合材料的吸波性能。     

吸波涂层织物的制备及其力学性能研究

探讨吸波涂层织物的吸波性能影响因素及其力学性能。以涤纶针织物为基布,以环氧树脂为基体,在基布上进行铁氧体复合涂层整理,制备0.5mm涂层厚度的柔性纺织涂层复合织物。采用单因子试验法,研究了吸波剂铁氧体含量和环氧树脂含量对吸波涂层织物介电常数的影响,并测试了涂层织物吸波材料的力学性能。结果表明:铁氧体含量为60%,环氧树脂含量为10%时涂层织物具有较好的吸波性能;织物经吸波涂层整理后拉伸强力变化不大,而撕裂强力和胀破性能均有所提高。认为所制备出的吸波涂层复合织物力学性能优于无涂层织物。     

吸波涂层复合面料的制备及其吸波性能

利用单层吸波体传输线理论结合计算机辅助设计选配合适的吸波粉体,以铜镍镀层织物和金属纱线混纺织物为基布,以聚氨酯为基体,制备1.5mm涂层厚度的柔性纺织涂层复合面料。对吸波粉体的电磁特性进行了测试和分析,考察分析了2.6GHz-18GHz范围内吸波粉体与基体的不同混比及基布对反射损耗的影响及其机理。结果表明在一定范围内吸波粉体体积百分数的增加,吸波效能提升,频段拓宽,反射损耗曲线的峰值向低频移动。以金属纱线混纺织物为基布的涂层面料的吸波效果优于铜镍镀层织物为基布的涂层面料。     

多层实心板材铁纤维吸波机织物的结构与吸波性能研究

为研究铁纤维吸波机织物的结构与吸波性能的关系,在小样机上试织出铁纤维双向和单向排列的三种多层实心板材立体织物,并进行吸波性能测试。结果表明:铁纤维双向排列的机织物的吸波性能优于铁纤维单向排列的机织物,且铁纤维网格大的机织物的吸波性能优于铁纤维网格小的机织物。     

基于聚苯胺整理的吸波型不锈钢电磁屏蔽织物

为了赋予不锈钢电磁屏蔽织物吸波性能并同时提升其屏蔽效能,采用碱溶液及壳聚糖溶液对织物进行双重预处理,配备过硫酸胺及掺杂剂溶液在织物中引发苯胺单体聚合反应,从而制备出聚苯胺不锈钢电磁屏蔽复合织物。采用小窗法及弓形法对织物进行屏蔽效能及反射率测试,通过分析得出该方法可有效赋予织物较好吸波特性,同时又能明显提升织物的屏蔽效能;反射率在4 GHz以上频段范围吸波性能较优,最佳可接近-6 dB;屏蔽效能在6 GHz以上得到明显提升,最高可增加10 dB以上;不同参数对整理性能的影响程度符合盐酸浓度过硫酸铵浓度氢氧化钠浓度苯胺单体吸附时间;制成的聚苯胺不锈钢复合织物柔软舒适且耐洗涤性较好。     

基于CuS/RGO@CNF复合材料的柔性超疏水吸波纺织品的制备和性能北大核心

采用低表面能物质聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为黏结剂,利用纳米硫化铜/还原氧化石墨烯@纤维素纳米纤维(CuS/RGO@CNF)三元复合材料在棉织物上构筑表面粗糙结构,制备了柔性超疏水吸波纺织品。对整理织物的微观形貌和结构进行了表征,研究了整理织物的吸波性能和超疏水性能。结果表明,与纳米CuS、CuS/RGO复合材料相比,CuS/RGO@CNF复合材料具备微观多孔结构,呈现优异的微波吸收性能,最小反射损耗为-49.71 dB,整理的织物在频率为11.46 GHz时最小反射损耗可达到-32.4 dB,水滴接触角达到155.3°,具有优异的吸波、超疏水、防污及自清洁性能。     

碳纳米管/纳米四氧化三铁聚乙烯复合板的吸波性能研究

文章选用低密度聚乙烯作为基体材料,分别与碳纳米管(CNT)吸收剂、纳米Fe_3O_4吸收剂融合,制备吸波复合板材。采用网络分析仪-波导管系统分析了吸波剂浓度、板材厚度对吸波性能的影响。研究发现,CNT复合板材的厚度为3.6mm时,最佳吸收剂浓度为1.5%,回损在9.96GHz处达到最大值-40.92dB;纳米Fe_3O_4吸波材料厚度为3.6mm时,回损随吸收剂浓度增加而增大,在浓度2.0%时,回损在9.44GHz处可达-23.95dB。复合板材的吸波性能随板材厚度的增加而增强。板材厚度相同时,同浓度的CNT的吸波性能优于纳米Fe_3O_4。     

磷氮阻燃剂对涤纶织物的阻燃整理

为实现涤纶织物的低毒阻燃整理,以氯磷酸二乙酯、甲基丙烯酰胺为反应物,合成磷氮阻燃剂二乙基-甲基丙烯酰胺磷酸酯(DMPP),通过浸渍方法整理到涤纶织物上,研究了引发剂过硫酸钾质量分数和浸渍时间对整理织物各项性能的影响,得到最佳工艺条件:浸渍时间为3 h,引发剂质量分数为3%。结果表明:阻燃剂成功整理到涤纶织物表面;燃烧后整理织物炭长由大于30 cm下降到7.7 cm,极限氧指数提高到28.7%;对整理织物进行10次水洗后其极限氧指数仍达27.4%;整理织物的强力损失控制在了5%以内,满足服用要求。     

抗静电剂MP整理涤纶珊瑚绒面料的性能研究

珊瑚绒面料手感柔软、质地细腻且价格低廉,但其吸湿性能差,易产生静电,限制了其使用范围。采用实验室自制阳离子型抗静电剂MP对其进行整理,探讨了整理工艺,分析与测试了整理后珊瑚绒面料的抗静电及耐久性、白度、亲水性、回潮率及透气性。结果表明：MP整理珊瑚绒面料的较优工艺为MP与水的配比为1：50．浸渍时间为5min．pH为6．0,烘干温度为80℃;整理后的珊瑚绒面料具有较好的抗静电性及抗静电耐久性,回潮率和亲水性明显提高。织物白度和透气率变化不大。     

吸波材料填充假人对电磁屏蔽服测试的模拟研究

以DIN 32780-100标准规定尺寸的长方体透波箱体作为假人模型,以铜镍导电平纹布制成可与模型紧密贴合的织物罩,模拟屏蔽效能测试中服装与假人模型。采用屏蔽室法,测试2.5～18 GHz范围内,箱体中填充不同吸波材料后织物罩的屏蔽效能,以研究屏蔽服与假人模型形成的金属空腔对屏蔽效能测试带来的影响。研究表明:填充吸波材料后,织物罩屏蔽效能得到显著提升,测试信噪比也有所降低。进一步改变吸波材料的填充条件,发现填充位置、填充数量对测试结果影响不大,当填充面积减小到一定程度时,吸波材料基本不起作用。以上研究对如何在假人模型内部填充吸波材料从而增加测试方法和结果的科学性提供了支持。     

Fe/C多孔碳材料制备及其涂层棉织物的吸波性能

为提高涂层棉织物的吸波性能,采用溶液混合法制备磁性金属有机框架(Fe-MOF),通过高温热解制备Fe/C多孔碳材料,以聚丙烯酸酯为黏合剂,将Fe/C多孔碳材料复合在棉织物上制备柔性纺织复合材料。借助X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、振动样品磁力计与热重分析仪分别对Fe/C多孔碳材料的结构、微观形貌、磁性能进行表征与测试,使用矢量网络分析仪对Fe/C多孔碳材料和涂层棉织物的吸波性能进行分析。结果表明：在频率为4.6 GHz时,Fe/C多孔碳材料的反射损耗值最小为-60.4 dB,小于-10 dB的有效带宽为1.4 GHz,最佳厚度为4.3 mm;涂层棉织物的反射损耗值最小为-53.94 dB,小于-10 dB的有效频宽为X波段(频率为8.2～12.4 GHz),最佳涂层厚度为4.5 mm; Fe/C多孔碳材料涂层棉织物厚度达到3.5 mm以上时,其吸波性能优良。     

Study of graphite/silicon carbide coating of plain woven fabric for electrical megawatt absorbing properties

In this paper, plain woven fabric was selected as the base fabric. Graphite and silicon carbide were the surface layer and underlying layer absorbents, respectively. The influence of the content of the graphite and silicon carbide absorbent and coating thickness on the real part and the imaginary part of the dielectric constant, and the loss tangent are discussed. Through the optimization of electromagnetic parameters, graphite/silicon carbide double-coated polyester woven fabric absorbing materials with the best wave absorption performance were prepared.     

钴/碳纤维复合材料的制备及其吸波性能

为解决碳纤维基吸波材料制备方法繁杂、能耗高的问题,以棉纤维为原料,Co2+为金属源,2-甲基咪唑为配体,经配位自组装获得棉纤维表面均匀负载的ZIF-67,复合材料经惰性气氛下高温煅烧得到钴/碳纤维复合材料.结果 表明:随煅烧温度升高,钴纳米粒子结晶度更高,材料的矫顽力和饱和磁化强度增强,铁磁特性明显;煅烧温度有助于碳组...     

The research of EM wave absorbing properties of ferrite/silicon carbide double coated polyester woven fabric

In this paper, polyester woven fabric was selected as the fundamental fabric. Ferrite and silicon carbide were the underlying and surface layer absorbing agents, respectively. The influence of the content of the ferrite and silicon carbide absorbent and coating thickness on dielectric constant were discussed. Through the optimization of electromagnetic parameters, ferrite/silicon carbide double-coating polyester woven fabric absorbing materials with the best wave absorption performance were prepared. The results showed that through optimization, at high frequency (10⁵ Hz < f < 10⁷ Hz), when the ferrite content was 60%, the ferrite coating (bottom layer) had a thickness of 1.00 mm, the amount of silicon carbide was 48%, the silicon carbide coating layer (surface layer) was 0.50 mm, and the coated fabric had the best absorbing performance.     

丝瓜络衍生碳纤维基复合材料的电磁波吸收性能

为解决当前多孔磁性碳基吸波材料制备工艺繁杂、能耗高、环境不友好等问题,提出基于多孔生物质源衍生的绿色环保策略。以高孔隙丝瓜络为前驱体,Co²⁺为金属源,二甲基咪唑为配体,经配位自组装获得丝瓜络/金属有机骨架结构复合材料,并经高温煅烧得到碳纤维基钴/碳(LS-Co/C)复合材料。结果表明：在800℃煅烧后,LS-Co/C展现了优异的吸波性能,厚度为1.5 mm时有效吸收带宽为5.2 GHz (12.8～18.0 GHz),其良好的吸波特性得益于错综复杂的三维多孔网络结构为电磁波提供了适宜的损耗空间,在电磁场作用下产生感应电流,并在碳纤维导电网络中快速衰减,同时钴/碳复合材料与碳纤维形成的多重界面极化助力电磁波进一步衰减。该研究将为新型多孔磁性碳基吸波材料的设计开发提供策略。     

丝瓜络基碳材料的电磁波吸收性能

为开发具有电磁损耗的新型纤维状电磁波吸收材料,采用天然丝瓜络作为碳质纤维的基材,通过原位杂化将Fe₃O₄负载到纤维的表面和内部孔隙中。借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、磁滞回线和电磁参数分析等对材料的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明:丝瓜络基碳材料具有特殊的中空结构,生成的Fe₃O₄颗粒在纤维表面和内部孔隙中均匀分布,介电损耗、磁损耗和纤维结构间的协同作用增强了材料的电磁波损耗;当FeCl₃浓度为2 mol/L,处理温度为700 ℃时,在2~18 GHz范围内,厚度为3 mm的试样在9.97 GHz处的电磁波损耗达到了-24.37 dB,在7.33~10.33 GHz频段内电磁波损耗小于-10 dB。丝瓜纤维通过合适的炭化及磁性颗粒负载工艺,可制备出性能优异的电磁波吸收材料。     

rGO掺杂锰锌铁氧体复合物的吸波性能及对棉织物的涂层整理

采用水热法制备了具有优秀吸波性能的rGO/锰锌铁氧体复合材料,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射分析(XRD)等方法对样品进行了表征.结果表明:当rGO/锰锌铁氧体复合材料掺杂比为1:2时,厚度为3.5 mm且频率为7.05 GHz处测得最小反射损耗为-51.1 dB,有效吸收...     

Fabrication of nano-TiO2/carbon nanotubes and nano-TiO2/nanocarbon black on alkali hydrolyzed polyester producing photoactive conductive fabric

In this paper, the alkali hydrolyzed polyester fabric was treated with functional single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes, nanocarbon black without and with nano-TiO₂ and citric acid as a cross-linking agent through exhaustion method and post-curing. Electrical conductivity, methylene blue degradation, UV protection, and thermal stability of the treated fabrics were investigated. The loading of various carbon nanostructures and nano-TiO₂ on the polyester fabric confirmed with SEM images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Further, X-ray diffraction, remaining ash percentage via furnace and thermogravimetric analysis, proved the presence of nano-TiO₂ on the polyester fabric. The UV protection verified with UV–Vis reflection spectra indicated the highest protection on the nanocarbon black/nano-TiO₂/CA-treated fabric. The highest discoloration of methylene blue solution and electrical conductivity obtained on the treated fabric with functional single-wall carbonnano tube/nano-TiO₂/citric acid and functional nanocarbon black/nano-TiO₂/citric acid. This is related to enhance photocatalytic activities of nano-TiO₂ with cooperation of single-wall carbon nanotubes and more surface coating of nanocarbon black on the polyester fabric.     

Ballistic performance of angle-interlock woven fabrics

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ballistic performance of angle-interlock woven fabrics. Different fabric structures firstly have been compared to benchmark the ballistic performance of angle-interlock woven fabrics using the energy loss test. It has been shown that compared with other woven structures, angle-interlock woven fabric demonstrates low ballistic resistance as absorbing less impact energy. This is because angle-interlock woven fabric owns less interlacements than its counterparts. The interlacement plays an important role to help to transfer energy to the adjacent yarns: the more interlacements, the larger area the stress wave could propagate, and more projectile impact energy could be absorbed. After this systemic analysis of overall ballistic performance, more detailed parametric study of angle-interlock woven fabric is carried out. A group of 16 different structures have been tested and compared using the in-house firing range. The studies have revealed that the 3D angle-interlock woven fabric not only displays normal features of energy absorption mechanism, like yarn slippage, fibre fracture and cone formation, which 2D fabric usually demonstrates, but also shows the new property: the weaker gripping power on the constituent yarns. Besides, it also shows that the structural parameters of angle-interlock fabrics do not have a clear influence on the ballistic performance, due to the complicated factors which also have been theoretically explained from the four aspects: (a) the clamping state; (b) yarns hit by the projectile; (c) the impact angle of the projectile; (d) the impact velocity.