2024铝合金的均匀化热处理研究

采用光学显微镜(OM)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法,研究2024铝合金铸态与均匀化态的显微组织演化和成分分布。结果表明:2024铝合金的铸态组织枝晶偏析严重,在晶界存在很多低熔点共晶相,Cu,Mg和Mn元素在晶内及晶界分布不均匀;经过均匀化处理后,合金组织中的非平衡相逐渐溶解,各组元分布趋于均匀;该合金的过烧温度为503.1℃,合理均匀化制度为495℃,24 h,该制度与均匀化动力学方程得到的结论基本一致。     

2099铝锂合金均匀化退火的微观组织及Al3Zr析出分析

研究2099铝锂合金铸态及均匀化处理后的微观组织和成分分布以及该合金最佳均匀化处理状态时Al3Zr的析出情况。结果表明:2099铝锂合金铸态的微观组织存在严重的枝晶偏析,很多低熔点共晶相分布在晶界,合金中Cu和Mg元素在晶界分布不均匀;经过一系列不同温度和时间的均匀化处理后,2099铝锂合金铸态微观组织中的非平衡相逐渐溶解,各元素分布趋于均匀;2099铝锂合金的过烧温度为515℃,最佳的均匀化制度为505℃/24 h;经该制度均匀化处理后,Al2CuMg、Al2CuLi和AlLi相大部分回溶进α(Al)基体中,通过透射电镜可观察到Al3Zr析出相以及α(Al)基体的超点阵结构;并且该均匀化制度与均匀化动力学方程得到的结论基本一致。     

GH742y合金的铸态组织及铸态偏析的改善

 研究了GH742y合金铸态组织、强化相的溶解和析出规律、合金相组成、元素偏析及其改善偏析的方法,并采用物理化学相分析的方法确定了该合金析出相的类型、数量和强化相γ′的粒度分布。结果表明：铸态下,GH742y合金中存在γ′、Nb(C,N)及VC(痕量)相。其中γ′相的质量分数高达426%。采用1 140 ℃×40 h以上或1 190 ℃×24 h的高温均匀化处理后,可以明显减轻枝晶偏析,获得较均匀的组织。     

Al-4.19Zn-1.25Mg合金铸态组织及均匀化退火工艺研究

通过金相显微镜和带有能谱仪的扫描电镜,对一种新型的Al-4.19Zn-1.25Mg合金的铸态组织进行了分析,确定了合金中的相组成;并利用DSC分析确定合金铸锭的过烧温度,对不同均匀化保温时间处理后的性能和组织进行了研究,确定铸锭合适的均匀化退火温度为470±5℃,保温时间为24h。     

GH742合金钢锭的组织及偏析的消除

研究了GH742合金钢锭的显微组织、初熔点、元素偏析及其消除办法.研究表明,钢锭原始铸态组织基体γ中有大量γ'相,枝晶间存在少量γ/γ'共晶相、针状金属间化合物(Ni3Nb)、白色块状镧化物和部分骨架状碳化物.初熔点在1130～1160℃之间.钢锭经1135℃×24h均匀化处理可消除枝晶偏析,使组织均匀.     

GH350合金铸锭元素偏析及其均匀化热处理

 利用光学显微镜、扫描显微镜及能谱仪,研究了经双联真空(VIM+VAR)冶炼生产的130mm自耗锭GH350合金铸态和不同均匀化过程中显微组织和元素偏析的规律。结果表明,铸态GH350合金中存在复杂的第二相组织和严重的枝晶偏析,Nb、Ti、Ta等溶质元素大量偏聚于枝晶间的Laves相等第二相中,而Cr、Mo等元素则偏聚于枝晶干。并且发现铸态GH350合金经1180℃×40h炉冷后,枝晶偏析基本消除,合金成分基本均匀。     

AZ80A镁合金的均匀化处理及扩散动力学

采用热分析仪、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等,研究铸态AZ80A镁合金均匀化处理前后的显微组织、元素分布及相的演变规律,分析均匀化温度和时间对AZ80A镁合金组织的影响。以空位机制为基础,求出合金元素的扩散激活能,并建立均匀化动力学方程。结果表明:AZ80A铸态合金存在严重的枝晶偏析,晶界上有大量连续粗大的β-Mg17Al12共晶相;升高均匀化温度和延长均匀化时间都有利于非平衡相的溶解和合金元素的扩散,合金于430℃均匀化时发生过烧现象;AZ80A镁合金的适宜的均匀化工艺为410℃/25 h,合金元素的扩散激活能为121.7 kJ/mol,由动力学方程计算得到的适宜均匀化工艺为410℃/24 h,与实验结果基本一致。     

均匀化处理对Cu-Cr-Zr合金显微组织的影响

采用OM、SEM和TEM分析手段对Cu-Cr-Zr合金的铸态和均匀化组织进行研究.结果表明,Cu-Cr-Zr合金的铸态组织呈典型的枝晶状组织,主要由网状的Cr枝晶、共晶组织和基体组成,其中共晶组织是由基体和层片状的Cu5Zr相组成.在Cu-Cr-Zr合金的均匀化退火过程中,发生共晶组织的溶解和Cr相的析出.随着均匀化退火温度和时间的升高和延长,共晶组织逐渐溶解,Cr相的析出体积分数逐渐减小.合理的均匀化退火制度为900℃×12 h.     

2524铸态合金均匀化过程中微观组织的变化

在不同温度和不同保温时间条件下对2524铸态合金进行均匀化处理,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和金相显微镜(OM)等,研究2524铸态合金在均匀化过程中微观组织的变化,并分析在不同的均匀化处理状态下T相(即Al20Cu2Mn3相)的析出情况。结果表明:2524铸态合金中存在严重的枝晶偏析,大量的非平衡共晶相连续地沿晶界分布,主要的第二相为Al2Cu和Al2Cu Mg;主要合金元素不同程度地富集在晶界,富集程度为CuMgMn;最佳的均匀化处理制度为500℃/48 h,均匀化处理后,Al2Cu和Al2Cu Mg基本回溶至基体,只余少量难溶的Al Cu Fe Mn相散布在晶界,该均匀化制度与均匀化动力学方程的计算结果基本一致;随均匀化处理温度升高,T相粒子的尺寸逐渐增大而数目逐渐减少。     

Mg-xZn-1Mn镁合金均匀化热处理及扩散动力学研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射、布氏硬度测试等材料方法,研究了新型变形镁合金Mg-xZn-1Mn(x=4%,5%,6%,质量分数)的铸态合金以及均匀化热处理T4和时效处理T6后合金的显微组织、成分以及硬度的演变规律,建立ZM合金的热处理制度。并以空位扩散机制为基础,研究均匀化扩散动力学过程,建立ZM合金的均匀化扩散方程。结果表明:在ZM系列合金中,铸态组织枝晶偏析严重,晶界上有许多粗大的Mg-Zn共晶组织,Mn主要以单质形式存在于合金中。随着Zn含量的增加,合金的化合物体积分数增加,枝晶明显细化。得出3种合金合理的均匀化处理工艺分别是:ZM41为370℃×12 h;ZM51为390℃×12 h;ZM61为390℃×20 h。随着Zn含量的增加,热处理的温度和时间增加。在均匀化过程中,随均匀化处理温度提高,均匀化程度越高,时效硬化效果越好。经均匀化热处理后,大部分的Mg7Zn3相溶入基体。通过扩散动力学计算得到ZM41合金的均匀化处理温度与时间的关系为0.0008/t=exp(- 1160T9.5/T),570 K相似文献   

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.