基于随机非负独立元分析的掌纹识别

提出运用随机非负独立元分析（SN—ICA）的新方法进行掌纹识别。为了减少计算量,运用SN-ICA算法前,先采用主元分析（PCA）算法去除掌纹图像的二阶统计特征相关性,其余的高阶非负统计特征由SN-ICA分离。首先用PCA和SN-ICA提取投影向量,然后将训练图像和待识别图像向投影向量上投影得到低维特征向量,最后计算特征...     

基于HOG低秩恢复与协同表征的人脸识别方法

在获取到的人脸图像不完备以及人脸图像在有遮挡、光照、表情的变化或受到噪声污染时,识别率就会变得十分低,针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于HOG低秩恢复与协同表征的人脸识别算法HLRR_CRC.首先采用低秩恢复算法得到训练样本和测试样本的干净人脸图像,然后对测试样本中干净的人脸图像和训练样本中干净的人脸图像分别进行HOG特征提取,得到HOG特征向量,以此特征向量为基础,得到测试样本特征矢量的协同表示,最后,通过规则化残差进行分类.在ORL、Extended Yale B和AR数据库上进行测试,实验结果表明,本文算法对光照、噪声较鲁棒,相比于当前的人脸识别算法,本文算法在恶劣光照和噪声下的识别率平均提高29.6％.     

基于核局部Fisher判别分析的掌纹识别

运用核局部Fisher判别分析(KLFDA)进行掌纹识别。为了解决小样本图像识别中特征方程矩阵的奇异性问题,首先运用图像下抽样方法降低掌纹空间的维数,在低维图像上应用KLF-DA提取低维的投影向量;然后将训练图像和待识别图像的核矩阵向投影向量上投影,得到非线性局部判别特征;最后计算特征向量间的余弦距离,进行掌纹匹配。运用PolyU掌纹图像库对算法进行测试,实验结果表明,与主元分析(PCA)、Fisher判别分析(FDA)、独立元分析(ICA)、核主元分析(KPCA)和局部Fisher判别分析(LFDA)相比,本文算法的识别率(RR)最高为99%,特征提取和匹配总时间0.031 s,满足实时系统的要求。     

Object tracking in image sequences based on parametric features

In this paper a feature based algorithm for tracking moving objects with an active camera system is presented. It uses oriented structure elements like edges or lines for the estimation of motion-induced object displacements in gray-level input images. After an initial Gabor filtering process, a spatially extended structure consisting of simple local features in the filter response is merged into a vector of more complex features through a parameterization process. Corresponding vectors in two subsequent frames are detected by iteratively computing a similarity measure for all feature vectors. This enables the detection of larger object displacements because a proper parameterization leads to highly discriminable feature vectors describing certain image structures.     

一种基于主分量分析的SAR图像变化检测算法

该文提出一种基于主分量分析(PCA)的SAR图像变化检测算法.该算法将SAR图像转化为列向量,对两个图像向量组成的矩阵进行主分量分解,其图像的变化部分则表征为矩阵的次分量成分.论文还研究了高效的SAR图像变化检测实现算法,最后通过与对数比方法和分块主分量分析法进行比较实验,实验结果证实了方法的有效性.     

Compression of multispectral images by three-dimensional SPIHTalgorithm

The authors carry out low bit-rate compression of multispectral images by means of the Said and Pearlman's SPIHT algorithm, suitably modified to take into account the interband dependencies. Two techniques are proposed: in the first, a three-dimensional (3D) transform is taken (wavelet in the spatial domain, Karhunen-Loeve in the spectral domain) and a simple 3D SPIHT is used; in the second, after taking a spatial wavelet transform, spectral vectors of pixels are vector quantized and a gain-driven SPIHT is used. Numerous experiments on two sample multispectral images show very good performance for both algorithms     

基于谱间预测和联合优化的高光谱压缩感知图像重构

基于高光谱图像压缩采样数据特性的分析,提出一种基于谱间预测和联合优化的压缩感知图像重构算法.首先在谱间通过线性预测去除高光谱图像观测向量的强谱间相关性,得到熵值更小的预测残差向量;然后在凸集交替投影(Projections Onto Convex Sets,POCS)的基础上提出基于最陡下降法的联合优化算法对预测残差向...     

基于图像K-means聚类分析的频谱感知算法

近年来,基于能量检测的协作频谱感知算法被广泛应用于频谱感知领域。由于该方法在计算能量检测的判决门限受噪声影响较大以及受限于认知用户的数量等问题,导致其检测性能受到影响。为了解决这一问题,本文提出一种基于图像K-means聚类分析的频谱感知算法。这种方法利用主用户信号存在与否的两种认知信号状态映射成图像,经过调整图像强度和高斯滤波预处理之后利用提取图像像素分布直方图的方法提取出特征向量,然后利用改进的K均值聚类算法对这些特征向量进行训练得到分类模型。最后利用训练好的分类模型对未知信号进行检测,从而实现频谱感知。仿真结果表明,本文所提出的频谱感知算法,在检测性能上优于传统能量检测以及协作频谱感知算法,尤其在低虚警概率、低信噪比的环境下效果更加突出。      

Ridge-based vessel segmentation in color images of the retina

A method is presented for automated segmentation of vessels in two-dimensional color images of the retina. This method can be used in computer analyses of retinal images, e.g., in automated screening for diabetic retinopathy. The system is based on extraction of image ridges, which coincide approximately with vessel centerlines. The ridges are used to compose primitives in the form of line elements. With the line elements an image is partitioned into patches by assigning each image pixel to the closest line element. Every line element constitutes a local coordinate frame for its corresponding patch. For every pixel, feature vectors are computed that make use of properties of the patches and the line elements. The feature vectors are classified using a kappaNN-classifier and sequential forward feature selection. The algorithm was tested on a database consisting of 40 manually labeled images. The method achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.952. The method is compared with two recently published rule-based methods of Hoover et al. and Jiang et al. The results show that our method is significantly better than the two rule-based methods (p < 0.01). The accuracy of our method is 0.944 versus 0.947 for a second observer.     

Stereo disparity analysis using phase correlation

The determination of disparity in a stereo pair of images is a key factor in obtaining three-dimensional information about a scene. The authors describe how phase correlation can be used to aid stereo disparity analysis. An algorithm has been developed that identifies high-confidence candidate disparity vectors which are evaluated blockwise over the image. The vectors can be used as input to a subsequent area-matching process applied element by element     

改进的统计不相关最优鉴别矢量集

该文对统计不相关最优鉴别矢量集算法进行研究,在分析统计不相关最优鉴别矢量集算法的基础上提出了一种改进的方法。该方法在类内散布矩阵的特征空间中求解统计不相关最优鉴别矢量集。为了加快特征抽取速度,利用基于图像鉴别分析的维数压缩方法,对图像数据进行了压缩。在ORL和Yale人脸数据库的数值实验,验证本文所提出的方法的有效性。     

最大误差可控的高光谱图像聚类压缩算法

针对原有基于奇异值分解的最大误差可控的高光谱图像压缩(EC-SVD)算法未充分利用图像光谱矢量间冗余的问题,该文将高光谱图像压缩与聚类结合,提出最大误差可控的高光谱图像聚类压缩算法。分析发现,图像的光谱矢量间相似度越高越有利于得到好的最终压缩效果。因此,算法首先使用K-均值聚类对高光谱图像像元按光谱矢量聚类,以提高同类光谱矢量间的相似度;其次,对每一类像元分别使用EC-SVD算法思想压缩以控制最大误差。论文证明了当高光谱图像的像元个数与波段数之比较大,且聚类类数不大于8时,聚类能够提高图像最终压缩比。最后,设计整体压缩实验仿真流程,并对实际高光谱图像进行数值仿真。结果表明,在相同参数条件下,该文算法比EC-SVD算法得到的压缩比和信噪比均有提高,最大压缩比提高了10% 左右。该文算法能够有效提高EC-SVD算法的图像压缩效果。     

切线距离在车牌字符识别中的应用

针对车牌字符识别中字符变形失真影响识别率的问题,文章提出一种基于切线距离的车牌字符识别算法。首先对车牌字符图像进行预处理,在先验知识的基础上确定切线向量,然后通过核主成份分析对样本图像和切线向量降维,并引入切线距离度量样本之间的相似度,最后利用K-NN分类器对字符进行识别。实验结果表明,该算法有效地保留了车牌字符的非线性信息,减少了识别时间,并且显著提高了识别率。     

实现图像稳定的快速算法

从舰载光电系统的图像稳定的要求出发,介绍了稳像技术的种类;分析了电子稳像的原理、算法。提出一种新算法,实现了电子图像稳定。该算法利用最小均方误差和块间运动矢量的空间相关性作为匹配函数,采用四步搜索法计算运动矢量,并和全搜索算法得到的运动矢量进行比较。实验表明,该算法能较好地实现图像序列的稳定。     

一种基于图像DCT域信息熵的盲检测算法

提出了一种基于图像DCT域信息熵的盲检测算法。该算法通过分析JPEG图像隐写前后子块DCT系数信息熵的变化,提取JPEG图像子块DCT系数信息熵的64维特征向量,之后用LSSVM分类器对待测图像进行分类,最终达到检测载密图像的目的。实验表明,该算法能有效地针对各种隐写算法下的载密图像进行检测,同时对低嵌入比例下的载密图像也能达到较高的检测率。     

An Algorithm for Computing the Number of Distinct Spectral Vectors in Thematic Mapper Data

A computationally efficient method was developed to compute the number of distinct spectral vectors and their frequency of occurrence in Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data. The algorithm first partitions the image into spectrally disjoint subsets and then computes the frequency distribution of distinct spectral vectors within each subset from a multidimensional histogram. The overall frequency distribution is tabulated by accumulating the results from each subset. The number of distinct spectral vectors could be used as a measure of potential storage compaction of alternate data representations for data compression, or as a measure of information content in the comparison of spectral band combinations and/or spatial resolutions for an image. Results from processing three 512 X 512 pixel Landsat-4 TM images and one Landsat-4 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) image are presented as examples. An algorithm for computing the frequency distribution of distinct spectral vectors in MSS data is given in the Appendix.     

基于组合区域形状特征的物体检测算法

该文提出了一种基于组合区域形状特征的物体检测算法,通过图像分割后各个区域之间的关系,组合选取候选目标,提取候选目标夹角链码和弧弦距比特征,构造并联支持向量机分类器。算法对分割要求不高,可对模糊和低对比度的图像目标进行正确检测。通过在ETHZ图像类库上对算法进行测试,验证了算法的准确性。     

MPEG-2压缩域的视频数字水印新算法

视频数字水印技术是当前水印研究中的一个热点.本文提出一种视频数字水印新算法,直接对压缩后的视频数据流进行操作,根据运动矢量的特征值,将水印信息嵌入到运动矢量上,不需要完全解码和再编码过程.所提出的水印算法简单、有效,实现了水印盲检.与嵌入水印前的原视频图像相比,嵌入水印后的视频图像信噪比损失很小.     

Rank Estimation and Redundancy Reduction of High-Dimensional Noisy Signals With Preservation of Rare Vectors

In this paper, we address the problem of redundancy-reduction of high-dimensional noisy signals that may contain anomaly (rare) vectors, which we wish to preserve. For example, when applying redundancy reduction techniques to hyperspectral images, it is essential to preserve anomaly pixels for target detection purposes. Since rare-vectors contribute weakly to the -norm of the signal as compared to the noise, -based criteria are unsatisfactory for obtaining a good representation of these vectors. The proposed approach combines and norms for both signal-subspace and rank determination and considers two aspects: One aspect deals with signal-subspace estimation aiming to minimize the maximum of data-residual -norms, denoted as , for a given rank conjecture. The other determines whether the rank conjecture is valid for the obtained signal-subspace by applying Extreme Value Theory results to model the distribution of the noise -norm. These two operations are performed alternately using a suboptimal greedy algorithm, which makes the proposed approach practically plausible. The algorithm was applied on both synthetically simulated data and on a real hyperspectral image producing better results than common -based methods.