YBa_2Cu_3O_（7－δ）高温超导薄膜线列探测器的研究

采用准分子激光扫描消融法淀积性能均匀的ＹＢａ_２Ｃｕ_３Ｏ_（７－δ）高温超导薄膜，用离子束刻蚀进行器件的图形制备，获得了非均匀性小于１０％的ＹＢａ_２Ｃｕ_３Ｏ_（７－δ）高温超导薄膜８元线列探测器．测试了器件在８～１４μｍ波段的性能及光响应特性，单元探测器为４０×１００μｍ２的微桥结构．器件的平均归一化探测率为１．４４×１０９ｃｍＨｚ１／２ｗ－１，平均噪声等效功率为４．４×１０－１２ＷＨｚ－１／２，Ｄ的非均匀性小于１０％．研究结果表明：该线列探测器具有良好的均匀性，证实了该工艺适用于制备均匀性良好的高温超导薄膜红外探测器阵列．     

高温超导薄膜红外探测器研究

文章对高温超导薄膜红外探测器进行了基本理论分析，给出了器件设计思想，并报导了用高ＴｃＧｄＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－ｘ薄膜制备的单元红外探测器，２×２阵列红外探测器的实验结果。在液氮温度下得到的最好结果是噪声等效功率ＮＥＰ（５００，１０，１）＝３．８×１０－１２ＷＨｚ－１／２，探测率Ｄ＊＝１．７×１０１０ｃｍＨｚ１／２Ｗ－１，响应度Ｒｖ＝３３１２ＶＷ－１。器件经过十多次的冷热循环，并在室温下保存一年以上。所得测量结果基本不变。     

高温超导GdBa2Cu3O7—δ薄膜双晶晶界结及光探测器

在晶界夹角为２４°的Ｚｒ（Ｙ）Ｏ２人工双晶基片上制备高温超导双晶Ｇｄ－Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ薄膜，用光刻技术在晶界上刻出１０×１０ｍ２的双晶晶界结，它与外电路一起构成光探测器。在８０Ｋ用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光和５００Ｋ黑体作为辐射源测量了光探测器的响应特性。探测结果：噪声等效功率ＮＥＰ分别为６．７×１０－１４和３．８×１０１４ＷＨｚ－１／２，归一化探测率分别为１．４×１０１０和２．６×１０１０ｃｍＨｚ１／２Ｗ－１；响应度分别为１．８×１０７和３．２×１０７ＶＷ－１。     

大型光点列阵检测系统研究

在光计算、光王连和光子交换网络中，光点列阵是必不可少的，同时这些系统对光点列阵的均匀性又有较高的要求，因此对光点列阵的检测十分重要。本文设计了基于ＣＣＤ摄象仪的检测系统，它能有效地对大型光点列阵的相对特性进行检测。同时给出了对８×８和３２×３２光点列阵的测试结果。     

2×8元列阵高温超导探测器研制

选用高Ｔｃ超导薄膜ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－８，引用半导体集成工艺，制出２×８元列阵红外探测器，其探测率Ｄ均达到１０＾８￣１０＾９ｃｍ·Ｈｚ＾１／２·Ｗ＾－１，工作温度为８９Ｋ。     

PtSi／p－Si肖特基势垒红外探测器的研制

介绍了ＰｔＳｉ／ｐ－Ｓｉ肖特基势垒红外探测器（简称ＩＲ－ＳＢＤ）的优化结构及探测机理，给出了探测器的光增益模型，并对器件进行了制作及性能测试。器件在７７Ｋ下，反偏４Ｖ时的反向漏电流为５×１０（－６）μＡ，对１．５２μｍ红外光的灵敏度为２．６９×１０（－２）Ａ／Ｗ，量子效率为２．４％。     

PtSi／p－Si肖特基势垒红外探测器的研制

介绍了ＰｔＳｉ／ｐ－Ｓｉ肖特基势垒红外探测器（简称ＩＲ－ＳＢＤ）的优化结构及探测机理，给出了探测器的光增益模型，并对器件进行了制作及性能测试。器件在７７Ｋ下，反偏４Ｖ时的反向漏电流为５×１０（－６）μＡ，对１．５２μｍ红外光的灵敏度为２．６９×１０（－２）Ａ／Ｗ，量子效率为２．４％。     

CMOS／SEED光电子集成Crossbar互连网络的实现及控制

本文报道了光电子集成 Crossbar互连网络的光学实现及电控制方法。采用带光窗口的 CMOS/SEED灵巧像元列阵作为逻辑控制交换开关节点 ,输出光强的高低态对比度约为 1.4。由波长为 85 0 nm的半导体激光器发出的光束经过位相计算全息光栅分束器分束 ,形成 8× 2的光束阵列 ,为 CMOS/SEED光调制器窗口列阵提供泵浦光源 ,采用精密加工的高精度二维光纤阵列作为信号输入、输出接口器件。采用计算机并口产生电控制信号实现网络的交叉连接功能 ,编制了相应的控制软件。实验上完成了 16× 16 Crossbar光互连网络的交换功能     

64×64焦平面器件读出电路铟柱列阵工艺设计及实践

用铟柱进行探测器芯片与读出电路 (ROIC)之间的电气和机械连接是混合红外焦平面列阵(FPA)最常用的互连方式之一。根据现有的工艺设备和实验条件对在 6 4× 6 4ROIC上生长铟柱进行了优化工艺设计 ,并分析讨论了工艺过程及参数对生长铟柱质量的影响。通过工艺实践验证 ,在 6 4×6 4ROIC上生长的铟柱能够基本满足FPA器件倒焊互连要求     

超导红外技术的发展概况及应用前景

一般半导体红外探测器的性能只对一定的波长范围有响应，而超导红外探测器就不存在这一缺点，它在紫外、红外、亚毫米波、微波波段都能保持高灵敏度和极快的响应速度。８０年代中后期，单元超导红外探测器的ＮＥＰ已达１０＾－１２ＷＨＺ１／２。近１０多年来，超导红外探测器已经实现了从单元到线列、面阵的过渡，９０年代初，８×８元和４×１２８元面阵已经成熟，更大规模的面阵也在试验中。另外，在超导红外焦平面列阵中已采用了     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.