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 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
胡昌飞  庞小惠 《橡胶工业》2016,63(7):437-439
在天然胶乳中按不同比例掺入木薯粉或面粉,制备掺假天然胶乳,采用傅里叶转换红外光谱进行表征和分析。结果表明:在天然胶乳中掺入木薯粉或面粉,红外光谱在3 500~4 000 cm~(-1)波段出现指纹区,掺入量越高,指纹区的波动幅度越大;在木薯粉或面粉的特征谱带,随着掺入量的增大,吸收强度增强。  相似文献   

2.
采用失重法研究了天然胶乳厚胶膜在热风与红外线两种干燥方式下的干燥过程。研究结果表明,在相同条件下,红外干燥的干燥速率常数远大于热风干燥,采用红外干燥可大大缩短干燥时间,干燥温度和厚度均显著影响干燥过程,红外干燥对温度更敏感。通过动力学拟合结果,得到了干燥动力学方程,可以预测干燥时间。  相似文献   

3.
杨春亮  陈鹰  谢美玉 《弹性体》2003,13(1):16-18
介绍了增稠剂在天然胶乳工艺中的应用,试验表明在胶乳中加入0.5-2.0份阿拉伯树胶粉,不仅对胶乳的粘度有影响,而且对胶乳的热稳定性也有明显的作用。  相似文献   

4.
天然胶乳的化学改性   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
简要介绍了天然胶乳化学改性的有利条件,化学改性天然胶乳的主要品种、相关技术及其应用以及仍存在的主要问题。  相似文献   

5.
介绍天然胶乳手套的起源和发展以及天然胶乳检查手套、外科手套、织物浸渍防护手套、家用手套、工业手套的用途、规格、特点和表面形式,指出因天然胶乳手套存在安全性能和使用性能的不足,促进了合成胶乳手套和人造胶乳手套的发展。丁腈胶乳检查手套因技术进步和成本降低成为天然胶乳检查手套的主要竞争者;低蛋白无粉天然胶乳外科手套、氯丁胶乳外科手套和聚异戊二烯胶乳外科手套成为对天然胶乳过敏症医护人员的选择;在非医疗领域,合成胶乳手套和人造胶乳手套适用于特殊领域的防护需求。  相似文献   

6.
天然胶乳的电子束辐照硫化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
使用低能量电子加速器电子束有利于降低天然胶乳的辐照硫化成本,但存在射线穿透力低的缺点,而采用转鼓方式,其电子束能量利用率要高于容器型辐照方式,且具有实用价值。  相似文献   

7.
以水合肼、双氧水和硼酸为催化体系,对天然胶乳进行非贵金属催化的原位母体加氢.并用核磁共振氢谱对氢化天然胶乳的结构进行表征.结果表明,氢化度随着硼酸用量的增加而增大,当硼酸/碳碳双键(摩尔比)达到0.25时,天然胶乳的加氢度接近60%;  相似文献   

8.
9.
涂学忠   《橡胶工业》2001,(4):232-232
天然胶乳以及用成膜法将其制成的聚合物 ,具有某些合成材料无法比拟的宝贵性能 ,其中包括全顺式聚异戊二烯提供的物理性能。但是这种材料也有某些缺点。例如 ,用作压敏粘合剂时 ,如果干燥后聚合物受热 (如在激光打印机中 ) ,有时会失去粘合性能。此外 ,由于蛋白质过敏问题 ,使得天然胶乳在外科手术手套和避孕套中的应用越来越受到限制。本文提出了解决这些问题的方法。天然胶乳被用作一种人造聚合物进行第二步游离基乳聚的种子。在进行此种聚合时 ,必须注意或是通过确保可代替蛋白质的聚合物组分接枝到胶乳粒子外部 ,或是通过确保能改善聚合…  相似文献   

10.
11.
宋帅帅  杨帆  徐云慧 《橡胶科技》2018,16(12):50-54
通过乳液共沉法制备了天然橡胶(NR)/白炭黑、NR/木粉和NR/木粉/白炭黑3种复合材料。采用热重(TG)分析法分别研究各组分及其复合材料的热质量变化过程,并根据单一组分在特定温度下的质量损失,基于残余物含量一定的方法计算出3种NR复合材料中各组分的实际含量。结果表明,复合材料各组分实际含量与其理论含量有一定偏差,证实乳液共沉工艺会造成复合材料中组分质量损失,在使用乳液共沉工艺制备复合材料时需注意调控工艺条件和原材料配比。通过TG分析仪结合理论计算方式测定用乳液共沉法制备的NR复合材料的组分含量具有很好的可操作性,可为乳液共沉工艺研究提供参考。  相似文献   

12.
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIR) is a rapid (50s) and non-destructive method of analysis of a wide variety of solid, semi-solid and liquid samples. Since no sample preparation is required for many sample types, particularly powders, NIR is an ideal technique for process control. The use of NIR to monitor the protein content of flour in order to optimise the milling conditions and the composition of the grist is described. Control of the blending of flours or supplementation with wheat gluten to achieve a composite flour of a given protein content is proposed.  相似文献   

13.
本文选择一种阳离子表面活性剂为制取阳荷性天然胶乳的稳定剂,直接把天然胶乳与这种表面活性剂的溶液混合,制取阳荷性天然胶乳,拓宽了天然胶乳的应用范围。  相似文献   

14.
用热重法-微商热重法(TG-DTG)和差热分析(DTA)研究了不同交联程度和不同硫化工艺条件和过氧化物硫化胶乳(PPVL)胶膜的热氧稳定性。结果表明,PPVL胶膜的热氧稳定性与交联程度有关。交联程度较低(溶胶指数较高)时,起始降解温度较高;交联程度较高(溶胀指数较低)时,起始降解温度较低。不同硫化工艺对PPVL胶膜的热氧稳定性有一定影响,起始降解温度和DTG峰温度与起始放热温度和第一放热峰温度之间有呈反比的趋势。  相似文献   

15.
    
The air‐aging process at 120°C and the thermooxidative degradation of peroxide prevulcanized natural rubber latex (PPVL) film were studied with FTIR and thermal gravity (TG) and differential thermal gravity (DTG) analysis, respectively. The result of FTIR shows that the ? OH and ? COOH absorption of the rubber molecules at IR spectrum 3600–3200 cm?1, the ? C?O absorption at 1708 cm?1, and the ? C? OH absorption of alcohol at 1105 and 1060 cm?1 increased continuously with extension of the aging time, but the ? CH3 absorption of saturated hydrocarbon at 2966 and 2868 cm?1, the ? CH3 absorption at 1447 and 1378 cm?1, and the C?C absorption at 835 cm?1 decreased gradually. The result of TG‐DTG shows that the thermal degradation reaction of PPVL film in air atmosphere is a two‐stage reaction. The reaction order (n) of the first stage of thermooxidation reaction is 1.5; the activation energy of reaction (E) increases linearly with the increment of the heating rate, and the apparent activation energy (E0) is 191.6 kJ mol?1. The temperature at 5% weight loss (T0.05), the temperature at maximum rate of weight loss (Tp), and the temperature at final weight loss (Tf) in the first stage of degradation reaction move toward the high temperature side as the heating rate quickened. The weight loss rate increases significantly with increment of heating rate; the correlation between the weight loss rate (αp) of DTG peak and the heating rate is not obvious. The weight loss rate in the first stage (αf1) rises as the heating rate increases. The final weight loss rate in second stage (αf2) has no reference to heating rate; the weight loss rate of the rubber film is 99.9% at that time. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3196–3200, 2004  相似文献   

16.
我国天然胶乳行业经过多年的发展,形成了品种门类齐全、工艺装备和产能初具规模的工业体系。受国际竞争和国内经济压力的影响,加上技术研究相对薄弱,我国天然胶乳行业呈现低迷状态,面临着合成/人工胶乳部分取代天然胶乳、产品质量标准和准入制度愈加严格而导致进入行业的壁垒增加、因过敏反应天然胶乳安全性和适用性受到质疑、天然胶乳发泡海绵产品非理性扩张、政策和经济压力导致竞争优势逐步丧失等问题。天然胶乳行业必须主动适应新常态,提高产品品质,淘汰落后产能,提高产业集中度和竞争优势,以保证持续、稳定、健康发展。  相似文献   

17.
简述了低蛋白天然胶乳的发展、制备方法、热降解性能和应用,并对低蛋白胶乳中蛋白质含量的检测方法和低蛋白硫化胶乳胶膜的力学性能作了简要的阐述。  相似文献   

18.
李志锋  吕明哲  杨子明  李普旺 《橡胶工业》2019,66(11):0871-0876
介绍我国健身器材用天然胶乳制品的发展概况。彩色天然胶乳管主要采用热敏挤出法和多次浸渍法生产,彩色天然胶乳片的生产工艺从传统浸渍法向连续浸渍法发展。我国健身用天然胶乳制品应通过开发和应用新材料和新技术来避免表面喷霜,研发环境友好的表面处理工艺替代有毒害的氯化处理工艺,并进一步提高天然胶乳制品的抗撕裂性能和拉伸性能。  相似文献   

19.
    
Chlorination of gloves has gained popularity as a more permanent method of reducing the inherent tackiness of natural rubber latex compared to using powder as a dusting lubricant. Transmission of proteins in natural rubber latex into the air as a result of using powder on natural rubber latex gloves may cause serious complications to allergic individuals. A methodology for characterizing commercial chlorinated natural rubber latex gloves using a combination of attenuated total reflectance (ATR)–Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ion chromatography (IC) is described. ATR–FTIR studies established that 930–915 and 670–650 cm−1 are definitive wavenumber ranges for the identification of chlorine in commercial chlorinated latex gloves. Confirmation of the ATR–FTIR results and semiquantification of the chlorine content in the latex gloves was carried out by the IC technique. This methodology can be used by glove manufacturers to determine the amount of chlorine in batches of commercial gloves, and thereby prevent possible threats to public health arising from the deterioration of surgical and examination chlorinated latex gloves under severe storage conditions before the end of their expected shelf life. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 672–682, 2001  相似文献   

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