基于GPU的视点相关自适应细分

利用GPU的强大浮点数计算能力和并行处理能力,提出一种完全基于GPU的视点相关自适应细分内核进行快速细分计算的方法.在GPU中,依次实现视点相关的面片细分深度值计算、基于基函数表的细分表面顶点求值、细分表面绘制等核心步骤,无须与CPU端系统内存进行几何数据交换.视点相关的自适应细分准则在表面绘制精度保持不变的情况下,有效地降低了细分表面的细分深度和细分的计算量,在此基础上完全基于GPU的细分框架使得曲面细分具有快速高效的特点.该方法还可以在局部重要细节用较大深度值进行实时自适应细分,以逼近极限曲面.     

用C-C细分法和流形方法构造G2连续的自由型曲面

通过改进Cotrina等利用流形方法构造n边曲面片的算法,以C-C细分网格奇异点的5一环作为控制网构造出了带有均匀三次B样条边界的n边曲面片,使得该曲面片和C-C细分曲面G^2拼接．在此基础上,讨论了C-C细分曲面中n边域的构造和填充,从而为基于任意拓扑网格构造低次G^2连续曲面的问题给出了一个有效的解决方案,实现了用流形方法构造的曲面和C-C细分曲面的融合．最后,给出了几个具体算例．     

一种改进的六角形砍边细分方法

研究了六角形网格上的曲面细分算法,改进了六角形网格砍边细分算法.在六边形网格的砍边细分过程中,利用对偶砍角法对非六角形网格进行六角形网格化预处理,然后通过计算相邻两个面片的夹角,根据预先设置的阈值,自动对初始混合控制网格上具有尖锐特征的顶点和边分别作标记,然后对这些标记过的边和点进行特殊处理,局部修改细分规则进行迭代细分.实验结果表明,该算法效果好,能更好地保持原始模型的特征.     

细分曲面的GPU完全实现

本文提出一种完全在GPU上实现的细分曲面绘制策略。该方法以扇区为基本单元,利用三种新的枚举坐标对网格顶点进行编码。初始控制网格按扇区分割后,其顶点被编码到一张纹理上,控制顶点不规则性分离到扇区的同时扇区之间又具有松耦合联系,使GPU像素管线的并行性从片段网格内扩展到整个网格。另外,通过三张查找表来降低实时计算量,并且避免了在CPU上预先细分一次。经过实验对比说明,本文方法具有更高的实时性能。     

基于laplacian坐标修正的(√3)细分法

根据原始网格对细分极限曲面的影响分析,提出了基于laplacian坐标修正的(√3)插值网格细分方法.通过插值出面片中心点的laplacian坐标,来对动态生成的中心点进行修正,达到保持原始网格细节的目的.在非封闭网格的边界面片细分方面,指出了原始(√3)细分法的不足,提出了一种新的边界统一细分模式,它可以很好地控制边界面片的增长,而且具有稳定性和易于操作性.实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够让原始网格的细节在极限曲面上得到表达,而且可以得到一个连续光滑的曲面网格.     

NURBS裁剪曲面绘制方法

根据NURBS曲面在u,v参数域的偏导数动态地把NURBS曲面细分成一些四边形区域,然后用双三次Bézier曲面实现这些四边形的C1连续的逼近。完成裁剪曲面绘制这个过程需要由GPU(Graphic Processing Unit)执行两遍。第一遍先由几何着色器实现裁剪曲面的三角化,再由像素着色器生成裁剪纹理。在此基础上执行第二遍,由几何着色器实现双三次Bézier面片的镶嵌,然后由像素着色器根据裁剪纹理绘制出裁剪后的NURBS曲面。采用GPU实现NURBS裁剪曲面的绘制,把大部分的计算从CPU迁移到了GPU。     

基于laplacian坐标修正的sqrt(3)细分法

根据原始网格对细分极限曲面的影响分析,提出了基于laplacian坐标修正的sqrt(3)插值网格细分方法。通过插值出面片中心点的laplacian坐标,来对动态生成的中心点进行修正,达到保持原始网格细节的目的。在非封闭网格的边界面片细分方面,指出了原始3细分法的不足,提出了一种新的边界统一细分模式,它可以很好地控制边界面片的增长,而且具有稳定性和易于操作性。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够让原始网格的细节在极限曲面上得到表达,而且可以得到一个连续光滑的曲面网格。     

在三角域上构造三次多项式插值曲面

为满足矿山地形的拟合、水流深度的绘制等很多特殊工程数据量大、有一定的光顺要求但又不需要曲面过于凸起饱满这一需求,提出一种C1连续的三次多项式插值曲面,同时有针对性地提出一种一阶偏导数估计算法.首先将空间散乱数据点投影到平面后进行三角划分;其次针对每个三角形,在其每条边上构造一个C1连续的三次多项式曲面片,由这3个曲面片加权平均形成该三角形的曲面片;最后将所有三角形上的曲面片拼合成整体曲面.为使生成的曲面尽可能地贴近数据点所建议的形状,在曲面求解过程中将数据点分成内部点和边界点分别估计偏导数.实验结果表明,该算法计算量小、具有良好的局部性,并给出了新曲面的效果.     

综合几何信息的实时线绘制算法

以三维网格模型的微分几何信息为依据,结合视点相关和视点无关的线绘制方法,提出一种基于GPU的实时绘制算法.基于视点曲率在图像空间中计算提取视点相关特征线,同时利用风格化纹理和主曲率信息绘制视点无关特征线.根据三维模型信息与预设计的风格化纹理,在像素着色器中对视点相关和视点无关的2类特征信息进行计算,然后结合两者结果得到令人满意的绘制结果.实验结果表明,由于所有计算在图像空间由GPU并行完成,可以高效地提取特征线;采用风格化纹理的设计增加了图像空间风格化绘制的可控性,弥补了图像空间算法的风格化可控性差的缺点.此外,文中算法不仅可以进行实时的风格化线绘制,以该算法为基础还可以进行进一步的艺术仿真,如国画的模拟等.     

三维地形场景局部高精度地形快速更新方法

三维地形场景在很多应用中需要通过及时更新局部高精度地形数据来构建重点区域的精细场景,针对局部区域地形数据的动态更新,提出了基于GPU实时网格细分的局部高精度地形的“镶嵌”算法;通过在GPU中对更新区域的地形网格实时插值细分来增加三角面片数,提高地形模型的几何精度,在有效保证更新区域地形绘制精度的同时,并没有增加内存与显存之间的数据传输压力。实验结果表明,更新区域的绘制精度能够满足要求,且执行效率优于现有的常用算法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.