弹载合成孔径雷达大斜视子孔径频域相位滤波成像算法

弹载合成孔径雷达(SAR)为满足机动性和实时性,常采用大斜视子孔径成像处理;而大斜视SAR成像存在严重的距离方位耦合,时域校正距离走动解决这一问题会带来方位聚焦深度问题。针对方位聚焦深度问题以及子孔径特性,该文提出一种新的子孔径成像算法频域相位滤波算法(FPFA),该算法在无近似瞬时斜距模型下,采用时域校正距离走动,频域校正弯曲,在方位频域引入相位滤波因子校正多普勒调频率和方位向高次项的空变性,并结合谱分析(SPECAN)技术实现方位聚焦。仿真和实测数据处理验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于Chirp_z变换与方位变标地球同步轨道SAR成像算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)成像距离向处理复杂,方位向空变性强问题,该文提出一种基于Chirp_z变换与方位变标的成像算法。首先在回波模型中考虑停-走-停假设带来的相位误差,然后给出目标点的斜距表达式,并利用泰勒级数对斜距进行了高阶展开,通过级数反演法得到信号频谱表达式,利用高效的Chirp_z变换校正距离走动,简化距离向处理,利用改进的变标因子校正方位向信号一次,二次,三次展开项系数线性时变性,并在方位频域内补偿变标操作引入的相位误差。仿真结果表明该算法能够实现地球同步轨道SAR聚集成像。     

俯冲段大斜视SAR子孔径成像二维空变校正方法

俯冲合成孔径雷达(SAR)常采用大斜视子孔径成像来满足平台机动性和处理实时性;而大斜视模式下距离方位的严重耦合、斜视角沿距离向的空变及3维速度和加速度的存在会导致距离包络和方位相位的2维空变,严重影响成像质量。针对这些问题,该文提出一种新的两级频域滤波算法,在预处理后,首先引入第1级频域滤波因子以校正距离包络沿方位位置的空变以实现距离徙动统一校正,然后采用第2级频域滤波校正方位多普勒参数的空变实现方位相位统一聚焦。仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于多普勒重采样的恒加速度大斜视SAR成像算法

针对机动平台大斜视(HS) SAR存在的方位相位系数空变特性,该文提出一种基于多普勒重采样的改进谱分析(SPECAN)成像方法。首先,对于恒加速度HS SAR,给出了一种正交坐标斜距模型,可以处理传统方法中距离走动校正(RWC)引起的坐标旋转,解决了斜距模型与信号之间的失配问题。在此基础上通过方位多普勒重采样校正相位系数的空变性,并且结合SPECAN技术实现方位向聚焦。最后,通过仿真数据验证了该文算法的有效性,与参考算法相比该文方法聚焦质量有明显提升。     

一种宽波束机载SAR运动误差补偿算法

精确的运动补偿是高分辨率机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像的关键.运动补偿就是对原始数据进行相位校正和斜距位置校正,使雷达回波数据如同是载机在匀速直线运动状态下获得的,这是各种成像算法的基础.随着宽波束机载SAR应用的发展,运动误差在方位向的空变性对SAR成像的影响日趋显著.文中讨论了运动误差方位向的空变性及频率特性,提出了一种宽波束机载SAR运动误差补偿算法,并给出了仿真结果和真实SAR数据处理结果.     

基于Keystone变换和扰动重采样的机动平台大斜视SAR成像方法

加速度和下降速度的存在使机动平台大斜视SAR的成像参数存在明显的2维空变性,严重影响场景的聚焦深度。针对这个问题,该文提出了一种基于Keystone变换和扰动重采样的机动SAR成像方法。首先,通过距离走动校正和去加速处理实现距离方位解耦以及方位频谱去混叠,然后采用方位时域的Keystone变换校正空变的距离徙动;在方位压缩过程中,通过引入时域的高阶扰动因子去除多普勒参数的2阶及3阶方位空变性,然后通过方位频域的重采样处理去除多普勒参数的方位1阶空变性。所提方法能够有效校正距离徙动轨迹和方位聚焦参数的2维空变性,实现机动平台大斜SAR的大场景成像,仿真分析验证了所提方法的有效性。     

二维stolt插值解耦合的GEO SAR成像算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)二维频谱形式复杂、二维空变性处理困难等问题,考虑成像参数随距离和方位的空变性,给出了一种利用二维stolt插值解耦合的GEO SAR成像算法,该算法不需要求解GEO SAR复杂的二维频谱,在距离频域和方位时域利用空变斜距的二阶近似模型和二维stolt插值变换校正了距离和方位的耦合;同时,针对二维插值计算量大和复杂度高的问题,采用非均匀快速傅里叶变换(NUFFT)替代了传统的插值和快速逆傅里叶变换(IFFT)运算。理论分析和仿真结果表明该算法能够补偿回波的二维空变特性,实现GEO SAR聚焦成像,且各成像指标接近理论值。      

机载高波段SAR大斜视角大场景成像算法研究

该文基于合成孔径雷达(SAR)斜视成像模式,分析了机载成像处理中斜距展开和二维解耦合近似相位误差与波长、斜视角、分辨率和测绘带宽度等参数的关系,证明二阶近似可满足常规高波段SAR大斜视角成像要求,但改进RD算法的聚集深度问题限制了成像方位孔径,常规CS算法未考虑二次距离压缩(SRC)的空变性,其大场景成像效果均不佳,只有NCS算法考虑了SRC随距离的线性变化,大场景高波段SAR成像聚焦性能最优。对毫米波SAR点目标成像的计算机仿真结果证明了上述分析结果。     

弹载调频连续波合成孔径雷达大斜视成像方法研究

弹载调频连续波合成孔径雷达(Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar,FMCW SAR)在大斜视工作模式下,导弹的连续运动会在距离向产生多普勒频移,导致距离向频谱偏移及方位像散焦,高速运动及大斜视角还会引入一个二次相位误差,影响距离像的聚焦.通过推导分析弹载FMCW SAR大斜视回波信号的波数域表达式,提出一种弹载FMCW SAR大斜视成像方法,在二维波数域完成了多普勒频移校正、二次相位误差补偿和距离徙动校正,很好地改善了成像质量.仿真实验验证了理论分析结果及所提成像方法的有效性.     

基于方位向信息分离的机动SAR成像算法

针对机动SAR成像,该文提出一种基于方位向运动信息分离的成像算法.在完成距离压缩后,通过方位向运动信息分离,去除非方位向运动造成的距离走动和空变性影响,然后利用方位向速度等效变换实现距离弯曲校正,最后通过非均匀傅里叶变换实现方位向的压缩.该算法利用3维坐标在斜距方程中性质相同的原理,经过非方位向运动信息的校正,将3维空...     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC).该方法有效简化了 TAC电路结构,减小了 TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR).采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计.集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8％.后仿真结果表明,...     

超宽带脉冲信号的光学生成方法研究

近年来超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅猛发展,在测量、雷达技术、民用和军事无线通信中有着重要的应用,UWB-over-fiber技术已经成为目前研究的热点,其中就包括UWB脉冲信号的产生方法。区别于传统的电子学方法,光子学产生方法不受电子瓶颈制约,可以实现很高的带宽,并且具有抗电磁干扰、重量轻、结构紧凑的优点。通过对比国内外本领域研究成果,讨论及总结了以下三种原理的UWB脉冲信号的光学生成方法:1)相位调制-强度调制转换(PM-IM);2)半导体光放大器(SOA)的非线性效应;3)频谱塑形和色散所致频域-时域映射,然后对各种方案进行了对比分析。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。