基于"双评价"的生态经济区划优化模型及应用——以海南岛为例

以地域分异理论为基础,因地制宜地进行生态经济分区,是实现生态经济复合系统协调运行的科学依据.据此,文章基于"资源环境承载能力和国土空间开发适宜性评价"的模型与方法,引入多要素空间叠置、系统聚类分析等方法,构建了以生态空间为强约束要素、发展空间为主导性要素,可承载性为限制性要素的生态经济区划指标体系,并涵盖3项模块层、9...     

生态安全导向的西南山地城镇空间管制区划研究——以重庆涪陵区为例

空间管制区划是引导和控制区域资源分配、协调的手段。基于GIS空间分析平台,综合叠加生态安全影响因素和基础影响因素,对涪陵区的生态功能进行评价,并在此基础上对其空间管制区划进行研究,根据管制要求的不同划分为重点协调开发区、都市优化开发区、乡镇引导开发区、生态控制开发区和强制环境保护区五类分区,以期为类似城镇的空间管制区划提供参考。     

地下空间开发利用适宜性评价——以武汉长江新城为例

开发利用城市地下空间应充分考量其适宜性。本文以武汉长江新城为例,先提出了“适宜性=资源质量×开发需求”的适宜性评价模型,在此基础上分别介绍了地下空间资源质量和开发需求的评价方法以及指标体系;然后,结合长江新城多要素城市地质调查和总体规划的成果,开展了地下空间资源质量、开发需求和开发利用适宜性评价,得到了相应的分层评价分区图;最后,对评价结果进行分析,阐述了长江新城地下空间资源质量、开发需求及适宜性特征并提出了开发利用建议。研究成果不仅可以有效地服务于长江新城地下空间规划建设,而且建立了完整的地下空间开发利用适宜性评价体系,具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。     

宁夏回族自治区区域空间开发管制区划初探

在明确区域空间开发管制区划基本概念的基础上，从区域与生态环境保护的角度对宁夏全区进行分区并提出相应的控制措施。最后将宁夏划分为优先发展地域，重点保护地域和适度开发地域三个区域开发管制类型区。     

城市公共设施布局的空间适宜性评价研究——南京滨江新城的探索

城市公共设施布局对城市社会的构建与运行有着重要影响,其空间布局也受到社会、生态、经济等影响因素的综合制约。基于空间功能分区方法,以南京浦口滨江新城为例,探讨多因子影响下的城市公共设施布局的途径,阐述评价单元的划分、评价指标的选择与处理等技术方法,提出根据综合生态重要性和经济重要性指数的分类,将地域划分为各类型区,并依据用地适宜性分区进行公共设施的布局和分区管制。在社会公平导向下,理性规划在中国城市公共设施建设中具有深远的意义。     

雄安新区:基于生态适宜性评价的特色小镇建设

生态服务功能和生态敏感性是生态适宜性评价的两个重要组成部分,文中根据以上两个层面,并结合雄安新区特色小镇"生态-生产-生活"协调发展的要求,选取九个影响因子,借助GIS软件的空间分析技术,采用AHP层次分析法以及多因素综合评价法,构建适宜性分析模型,对雄安新区进行生态适宜性评价。将研究区分为低生态适宜性区域、较低生态适宜性区域、中生态适宜性区域、较高生态适宜性区域以及生态适宜性区域,面积分别为148.5km~2、335.6km~2、412.2km~2、339.6km~2和534.1km~2,分别占研究区面积的8.39%、18.96%、23.29%、19.19%和30.17%。在此基础上,文中从风景园林的角度出发,将生态适宜性评价结果与雄安新区特色小镇规划图相叠加,得到研究区生态功能分区规划,包括生态保护区、生态修复区,特色小镇开发区及城市综合建设区,并对各分区提出建设策略,以期为雄安新区特色小镇的建设与发展提供参考。     

海岛旅游地国土空间开发适宜性评价与优化策略——以普陀山为例

海岛旅游地拥有丰富的旅游资源,然而当前我国海岛旅游地的开发呈现低层次和缺乏科学研究的盲目性。本文以加权线性组合方法构造模型,采用层次分析法建立海岛旅游地国土空间开发适宜性评价体系,选取自然条件、景观资源和社会经济等3大评价因素、9项评价因子分析浙江舟山普陀山海岛旅游地的国土空间开发适宜性。结果表明,普陀山适宜开发利用区、基本适宜开发利用区、限制生态开发利用区、生态保护区、禁止开发区等5种类型区域所占面积分别占全岛总面积的1.63%、17.04%、69.07%、8.66%、3.60%。本文根据实证结果,提出了普陀山海岛旅游地的国土空间利用优化策略、开发时序和规划功能结构。     

牡丹江市中心城区浅层地下空间开发适宜性评价

地下空间是城市实现可持续发展的重要资源。地质环境条件影响着地下空间资源的质量特征与发展难度,开发利用地下空间资源之前,需要对其进行科学评价。牡丹江市中心城区地下空间开发利用受区内地形地貌、岩土体工程地质、水文地质、环境地质问题和场地稳定性等多种因素影响。基于牡丹江市城市地质调查成果,建立了牡丹江市中心城区浅层地下空间(0~10 m)开发适宜性评价指标体系,按各指标的地质环境条件对研究区进行了分区,利用层次分析法(AHP)确定了各指标权重,最后通过ArcGIS空间分析功能对各指标分区图进行叠加,得出研究区浅层地下空间开发适宜性分区图。评价结果表明:牡丹江市中心城区浅层地下空间开发适宜性可划分为适宜性优区、适宜性良区和适宜性中区3个质量区。其中,适宜性优区和适宜性良区约占全区总面积的42.4%,分布于高平原地貌单元上;适宜性中区约占全区总面积的57.6%,主要分布于高漫滩地貌单元上。在该区开发利用地下空间时,建议提前做好该区的洪涝等灾害的防治工作。研究成果可为牡丹江市中心城区地下空间科学规划和合理开发提供参考。     

西北河谷型小城镇空间发展生态适宜性评价因子研究——以环千湖生态经济带为例

生态适宜性是衡量区域生态安全以及其社会经济可持续发展的重要指标,生态因子是规划、建设、控制和评估生态适宜性的重要手段和工具。本文通过对环千湖生态经济带的概念解读,以生态适宜性权衡作为环湖生态经济带发展的基本逻辑和发展框架,依照环湖经济带空间发展的生态功能划分,即在圈层结构的空间格局下,选取"获取性强"、"应用性强"、"针对性强、""代表性强"的相应圈层生态适宜性因子,形成生态型因子、恢复型因子、生态产业型因子为核心的生态因子评价体系,对环千湖湿地的生态经济带的建设发展控制提供研究依据。     

某市主城区浅层地下空间开发利用适宜性研究

根据改进的层次分析法建立了地下空间开发利用地质环境适宜性评价指标体系及评价模型,并结合GIS软件对评价因子进行了分析,采用叠加法对浅层地下空间开发利用适宜性作了分区评价,评价结果可为浅层地下空间的合理开发提供参考。     

Land Use Characteristics of Areas Around the Metro Station in the Old City of Chengdu: A Case Study of Sichuan Gymnasium Station

Taking Sichuan Gymnasium Station as the research object, we explore land use characteristics over time of areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in terms of time. We extract the basic information of land use in areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in 2005, 2011, and 2016 through Google Earth in order to draw the map of land use status in three time nodes. We then analyze the degree of mixing and equilibrium, intensity of development of land, and land use patterns of areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station with indexes including the area proportion of land use patterns, information entropy, and degree of equilibrium within a 1,000-m radius centered on the station, so as to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of land around the station in different time nodes. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the development of rail transit has not significantly contributed to the boom of commerce and the development of the old city of Chengdu. We also analyze land use changes in areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in terms of space, and find that land use patterns in areas around commuter stations seem to be more complicated than that of the average station, and land use patterns in areas around Huaxiba Station and Nijiaqiao Station on Line 1, which opened first, are more complicated than that of Moziqiao Station and Yiguanmiao Station on Line 3. The original land use patterns formed in the old city often determine the selection of rail transit routes and rail transit stations. Adaptive stations do not play a decisive role in land use patterns in their surrounding areas, but have some impact on the plot ratio and building height of land for commercial use within the core area of the stations.     

浅谈义乌城市可持续发展与土地利用

工业区土地闲置和空置房面积不断增加，使得义乌市城市土地利用效率较低。义乌在土地资源利用方面应更注重以社会-经济-环境效益为导向，通过完善的法律约束机制，集约利用土地，保障城市可持续发展。     

析城市生态住区规划设计

城市生态住宅是在人们对环境保护和生态保护的要求下而诞生的,是顺应时代发展的成果。城市生态住宅区的规划设计不同于一般住宅区,通过采用生态设计,利用生态技术提高住宅区生态水平。本文简单探讨了城市生态住区的规划设计。     

临港新城低碳城市规划探索与实践

低碳城市规划是城市规划新的视角和实现低碳城市发展目标的重要途径。作为上海市首批8个低碳发展实践区之一,临港新城将打造绿色、智慧、健康理念引领的未来之城。结合临港新城规划建设实际,通过低碳城市规划寻求城市发展的低碳化方向,探索总体规划、详细规划2个层面的临港新城低碳城市形态和土地利用空间规划策略,并研究提出低碳城市能源和产业规划设想。     

Underground space planning in Helsinki

This paper gives insight into the use of underground space in Helsinki, Finland. The city has an undergroundmaster plan （UMP） for its whole municipal area, not only for certain parts of the city. Further, the decision-making history of the UMP is described step-by-step. Some examples of underground space usein other cities are also given. The focus of this paper is on the sustainability issues related to urbanunderground space use, including its contribution to an environmentally sustainable and aestheticallyacceptable landscape, anticipated structural longevity and maintaining the opportunity for urbandevelopment by future generations. Underground planning enhances overall safety and economy efficiency.The need for underground space use in city areas has grown rapidly since the 21st century; at thesame time, the necessity to control construction work has also increased. The UMP of Helsinki reservesdesignated space for public and private utilities in various underground areas of bedrock over the longterm. The plan also provides the framework for managing and controlling the city＇s underground constructionwork and allows suitable locations to be allocated for underground facilities. Tampere, the thirdmost populated city in Finland and the biggest inland city in the Nordic countries, is also a good exampleof a city that is taking steps to utilise underground resources. Oulu, the capital city of northern Finland,has also started to ＇go underground＇. An example of the possibility to combine two cities by an 80-kmsubsea tunnel is also discussed. A new fixed link would generate huge potential for the capital areasof Finland and Estonia to become a real Helsinki-Tallinn twin city.
2014 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. All rights reserved.     

资源、环境制约下的西部城市规划与建设

我国西部地区地域辽阔,矿产资源丰富,但是经济相对落后.西部地区城市发展的制约因素很多,但城市规划应该依据其根本的约束条件,从本地区的资源与环境现状出发,做好水资源的综合利用,使城市能够持续、稳定地发展.     

基于城市记忆保护的景观规划——以苏州运河两岸景观规划为例

中国正处在快速城市化的发展阶段,城市的巨大变化对城市记忆的留存带来了威胁。在城市历史文化街区的保护日渐受到重视的同时,城市一般区域中所蕴含的城市记忆也应受到尊重。首先分析了当前社会背景下城市发展与记忆之间的关系,并简析国内外相关案例,最后结合苏州运河两岸景观规划,探讨如何在实践中保留和延续场地内的城市记忆。     

City Compactness: Assessing the Influence of the Growth of Residential Land Use

In the urban sprawl paradigm, residential land use exhibits a more significant growth than other categories. Consequently, large proportions of the natural environment are converted to residential areas, particularly in tropical countries. Compact urban development is one of the most sustainable urban forms with environmental perspectives, such as rural development containment and natural environment preservation. However, no proper investigation of the relationship and influence of residential growth and city compactness is available. This study evaluated and forecasted the residential development of Kajang City in Malaysia based on compact development. First, the relationship between residential land use change and city compactness was evaluated. Second, residential growth was projected by utilizing the land transformation model (LTM) and the statistical-based weight of evidence (WoE) using various spatial parameters. Both models were evaluated with respect to observed land use and compactness maps. Results indicated that most of the newly developed residential areas were in zones where the degrees of compactness increase during certain periods. In addition, LTM performed better and provided a more accurate modeling of residential growth than the WoE. However, WoE provided clearer and more informative results than LTM in terms of functional relationships between dependent and independent variables related to city compactness.     

紧凑城市理论在南京城市总体规划修编中的运用

研究认为紧凑发展是当今国际较为流行的先进城市规划理念,也是人地矛盾较为尖锐的中国城市化的必然选择。紧凑城市理论的核心是节约集约用地,促进人口经济与环境协调发展,与我国倡导的科学发展观在本质上是一致的。新一轮南京城市总体规划修编工作,根据南京的自然条件特点探索应用紧凑城市理论,在宏观层面提出严格控制建设用地规模,在城镇建设用地形态上强调紧凑布局,在街区层面强调功能多样性,在用地策略上强调公共交通引导土地开发。最后,对我国如何有效学习借鉴紧凑城市理论提出了相关意见和建议。     

转型经济中的半城市化地区土地利用特征和形成机制研究

半城市化是转型经济背景下外来投资、乡村工业化进程和我国城乡二元体制的产物,其规划建设长期以来未受到规划界的足够重视。在吸纳越来越多流动人口的同时,其面临的土地问题、环境问题及社会问题等日益突出。分析了转型经济中半城市化地区土地利用的特征和形成机制,并以广东顺德为例说明了其发展过程中存在的各种问题,并分析了未来半城市化地区发展所面临的机遇和挑战。