1Cr13不锈钢的土壤腐蚀行为

通过在酸性、中性及碱性土壤中埋设试件的方法,研究了１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢分别经过１年、３年、５年这三种试验周期后的腐蚀行为为特征。结果表明,１ｃｒ１３不锈钢在酸性及中性土壤中腐蚀轻微,在高盐碱必训腐蚀严重,而且以点蚀为主,土壤中Ｃｌ＾－及ＳＯ４＾２－是影响１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢腐蚀行为的最主要因素,随土壤中Ｃｌ＾－及ＳＯ４＾２－增多,１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢的腐蚀失重近似线性增大。     

超级高氮奥氏体不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能及氮的影响

用电化学测试、化学浸泡等方法研究了超级奥氏体不锈钢00Cr24Ni22Mo7Mn3CuN(654SMO)的耐点腐蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀的性能。通过改变氮含量,研究了氮对奥氏体不锈钢的耐点腐蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀性能的影响,结果表明,氮和适量的铬、钼结合,能显提高奥氏体不锈钢的耐点腐蚀和缝隙腐蚀的能力,并且随着氮含量的增国,砥体不锈钢的耐点腐蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀的能力也增强,对比实验表明,超级奥氏体不锈钢在耐点腐蚀,缝隙腐蚀等局部腐蚀性能方面可以和镍基合金C－276媲美,甚至优于镍基合金。     

新型铸造高合金不锈钢ZHASS—2

研制了HCl＋AlCl3复合介质泵用铸造高合金不锈钢ZHASS－2（0．02C－18Cr－30Ni－10Mo－3Cu－2．5W）。试验结果表明，1150℃×2h水冷的新型铸造不锈钢在60℃，5％HCl＋25％AlCl3复合介质中具有良好的耐均匀腐蚀、晶间腐蚀和点腐蚀性能。且铸造性能良好。     

近代超级不锈钢的发展

不锈钢的近代发展目标是超级不锈钢－超级奥氏体,超级铁素体,超级复相不锈钢。这些钢可在大范围内解决局部腐蚀问题并在某些用途中可替代钛和镍基合金。     

铬锰氮不锈钢在5%H2SO4水砂介质中的腐蚀磨损研究

铬锰氮不锈钢在５％Ｈ２ＳＯ４水砂介质中腐蚀磨损试验，结果表明，新型铸造铬锰氮不锈钢较１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ（１８－８）和０Ｃｒ１８１２Ｍｏ２Ｔｉ（Ｍｏ２Ｔｉ）钢具有更佳的抗腐蚀磨损性能。本文对腐蚀磨损过程中腐蚀与磨损的交互作用作了深入探讨，从而提出了腐蚀磨损条件下材料流失的判据。     

不锈钢腐蚀试验方法标准现状与发展

介绍了不锈钢的腐蚀类型与产生原因,结合国内外不锈钢腐蚀试验方法标准的现状与发展,提出了制修订我国不锈钢腐蚀试验方法标准的工作方向。     

439超纯铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性评价

通过盐雾试验、电化学试验和FeCl3点腐蚀试验,并结合扫描电镜,对比研究了439超纯铁素体不锈钢和430普通铁素体不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,碳、氮间隙元素极低的439超纯铁素体不锈钢耐点蚀性能明显优于430普通铁素体不锈钢,虽然430钝化膜修复能力较强,但点腐蚀速率也较快;430不锈钢具有严重的晶间腐蚀敏感性,同样,430普通不锈钢在干湿加速盐雾试验中发生了严重腐蚀,439超纯铁素体不锈钢在上述腐蚀试验中均表现出轻微的腐蚀。可见在430普通不锈钢基础上降低碳、氮间隙元素含量,同时加入钛稳定化元素,使其耐腐蚀性能大幅提高。     

合金元素对铁素体不锈钢抗腐蚀性能的影响

通过研究Cu、Mo、Nb等合金元素对铁素体不锈钢抗腐蚀性能的影响,表明了在一定腐蚀荆条件下Cu、Mo能提高铁素体不锈钢的抗点腐蚀性能,Nb可以提高铁素体不锈钢的抗晶间腐蚀和抗大气腐蚀的性能,为开发新的铁素体不锈钢钢种提供科学依据。     

443高铬铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性能评价

通过盐雾试验、电化学试验和应力腐蚀试验,并结合扫描电镜,对比研究了443超纯铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:碳、氮间隙元素极低的高铬443超纯铁素体不锈钢点腐蚀速率小于304奥氏体不锈钢,具有比304更优异的耐氯离子腐蚀性能;同时,443不锈钢不具有晶间腐蚀敏感性,而304具有严重的晶间腐蚀敏感性;304不锈钢有可能发生应力腐蚀断裂,443不锈钢没有这种危险。可见,443超纯铁素体不锈钢是304奥氏体不锈钢理想的替代材料,可用于电梯、建筑装饰、厨具等众多行业。     

新型CrMnNiN奥氏体不锈钢的抗空穴腐蚀及磨损性能

对新型CrMnNiN不锈钢JA2（0．23C－13Mn-17Cr-1.90Ni-1.5Mo-1Si-0.33N)的抗空穴腐蚀及磨损性能进行了测试，结果表明，这种奥氏体高锰不锈钢具有高的加工硬化率和好的韧性，比目前水轮机转轮及叶片常用的0Cr13Ni5Mo有更高的抗空穴腐蚀性能及耐泥沙磨损性能。     

硅对含强氧化性离子沸腾硝酸中奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性的影响

 超低碳Cr Ni奥氏体不锈钢在含强氧化性离子的硝酸溶液中会发生过钝化腐蚀和晶间腐蚀,而高硅不锈钢在强氧化性浓硝酸中具有优良的耐蚀性。笔者以高纯级000Cr25Ni20和00Cr14Ni14Si4钢作为对比材料,发现在纯稀硝酸中000Cr25Ni20钢具有更优良的耐蚀性,在不同含量的40%沸腾硝酸溶液中,00Cr14Ni14Si4钢可有效抑制过钝化腐蚀,而且不发生晶间腐蚀。     

Development and application of nitrogen-alloyed austenitic stainless steels in Baosteel

In recent years,nitrogen-alloyed stainless steels have been a research hotspot in the field of stainless steel product and technology. Nitrogen-alloyed austenitic stainless steels developed by Baosteel and their applications are introduced. These steels are nitrogen-controlled products 304 N and 316 LN,nitrogen containing economical products BN series and high-nitrogen stainless steel( HNS) series. The results show that the presence of nitrogen can significantly improve the strength and corrosion resistance of steel produced. By nitrogen alloying,economical austenitic stainless steels w ith considerably less nickel than 304 can be obtained; the corrosion resistances of these steels are almost the same as 304. Furthermore,by a scientific approach of nitrogen alloying,high-nitrogen steel of0. 8% nitrogen content is fabricated under the non-pressurized conditions,and the pitting potential of this steel is 1. 0 V. At present,nitrogen-alloyed steels developed by Baosteel are w idely utilized in the manufacture of cryogenic storage containers,transportation containers,and many household w ares.     

Structure and properties of corrosion and wear resistant Cr-Mn-N steels

Steels containing about 12 pct Cr, 10 pct Mn, and 0.2 pct N have been shown to have an unstable austenitic microstructure and have good ductility, extreme work hardening, high fracture strength, excellent toughness, good wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. A series of alloys containing 9.5 to 12.8 pct Cr, 5.0 to 10.4 pct Mn, 0.16 to 0.32 pct N, 0.05 pct C, and residual elements typical of stainless steels was investigated by microstructural examination and mechanical, abrasion, and corrosion testing. Microstructures ranged from martensite to unstable austenite. The unstable austenitic steels transformed to α martensite on deformation and displayed very high work hardening, exceeding that of Hadfield’s manganese steels. Fracture strengths similar to high carbon martensitic stainless steels were obtained while ductility and toughness values were high, similar to austenitic stainless steels. Resistance to abrasive wear exceeded that of commercial abrasion resistant steels and other stainless steels. Corrosion resistance was similar to that of other 12 pct Cr steels. Properties were not much affected by minor compositional variations or rolled-in nitrogen porosity. In 12 pct Cr-10 pct Mn alloys, ingot porosity was avoided when nitrogen levels were below 0.19 pet, and austenitic microstructures were obtained when nitrogen levels exceeded 0.14 pct.     

NaCl+HCl溶液中Ce对双相不锈钢腐蚀行为的影响

为了研究酸性NaCl溶液中双相不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能,以含微量稀土Ce的UNS S31803双相不锈钢为研究对象,采用电化学阳极极化和交流阻抗相结合的方法测试其在NaCl+HCl混合溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观测腐蚀后的形貌特征,采用电子探针(EPMA)检测合金元素与杂质元素的分布特征,分析Ce元素的加入对双相不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为的影响机制。结果表明,钢中存在两相的选择性腐蚀并伴有局部点蚀,其中铁素体相是腐蚀较严重的相;阳极极化测试与交流阻抗测试结果相吻合,Ce拓宽了试验钢的钝化区间;Ce通过净化钢液、降低S和P元素在相界的偏聚及使Cr、Ni和Mo等合金元素在两相中的分布更均匀等作用,提高了钢的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effect of Aging Temperature on Erosion-Corrosion Behavior of 17-4PH Stainless Steels in Dilute Sulphuric Acid Slurry

The effect of aging temperature on erosion corrosion （E-C） behavior of 17-4PH stainless steels in dilute sulphuric acid slurry containing solid particles was studied by using self-made rotating E-C apparatus. The effect of impact velocity on EC behavior of 17 4PH steels at different aging temperatures was analyzed. Surface micrographs of the specimens after E C test were observed by using scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The results showed that under the condition of the same solution heat treatment, when aging temperature ranged from 400 ℃ to 610℃, the hardness reached the highest value near the temperature 460℃. The characteristics of E-C for 17-4PH stainless steels at different aging temperatures were as follows： pure erosion （wear） was dominant, corrosion was subordinate and at the same time corrosion promoted erosion. The effect of aging temperature on E-C rate of 17-4PH steels was not significant at low impact velocity, but it was found that E-C resistance of 17-4PH steels aged near 460℃ was the most excellent due to the best precipitation strengthening effect of fine and dispersed e-Cu phase. With a prerequisite of appropriate corrosion resistance, the precipitation hardening could significantly improve the E-C resistance of the materials.     

Ce和W对444铁素体不锈钢耐点蚀性的影响

采用浸泡失重法和电化学方法研究Ce和W对铁素体不锈钢在含Cl-溶液中耐点蚀性能的影响,并通过恒电位极化法测定不同Ce和W含量的铁素体不锈钢临界点蚀温度(CPT)。结果表明,W和Ce都可显著抑制铁素体不锈钢在FeCl₃溶液中的腐蚀溶解,且含W的不锈钢蚀坑坑底有W元素富集。Ce和W的添加提高了不锈钢在5%NaCl溶液中的临界点蚀温度,并且当W的质量分数达到1%时,可以显著增强蚀坑的再钝化能力。添加Ce和W可提高不锈钢的点蚀电位,降低腐蚀电流密度,提高不锈钢的耐点蚀性能。不同成分的铁素体不锈钢在中性氯溶液中都表现出稳定的钝态,而Ce和W的添加可以提高钝化膜的稳定性,扩大钝化区范围。     

Cr-Mn-N奥氏体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀性能研究

晶间腐蚀性能是钻铤结构件用奥氏体无磁不锈钢的重要性能之一.采用不锈钢10％草酸浸蚀试验方法、不锈钢65％硝酸腐蚀试验方法以及不锈钢硫酸-硫酸铜试验方法对三种不同成分的Cr - Mn -N奥氏体不锈钢做了晶间腐蚀试验.试验结果表明,A钢种在不同的腐蚀条件下均具有良好的耐晶间腐蚀性能,该材料按0.03％C、18.96％ Cr、0.57％N的化学成分设计可以达到优良的耐晶间腐蚀性能.