Nature of synthetic envelope materials in subsurface drainage

Drain pipe envelopes can contribute to improve the function of a drainage system if certain requirements are fulfilled. Envelope experience shows decay of organic coconut fibre envelopes. The need for envelopes does not only depend on the clay content of the soil. The kind of envelope to use is still based on subjective criteria. Therefore, a model research study has been set up to evaluate the need for envelopes and their efficiency. From this research some preliminary directives about the nature of synthetic envelopes for subsurface drainage in agriculture are given.     

上海市城市总体规划实施评估若干问题的战略思考

上海已经进入城市转型的战略机遇期和关键攻坚期。对城市未来发展战略的探索和思考必须立足于对城市发展现状的科学研判。基于上海市城市总体规划实施评估研究工作,围绕《上海市城市总体规划（1999—2020）》十多年来的实施情况和城市发展的实践,针对上海城市发展所处的阶段特征,客观分析城市现状发展情况,结合未来发展趋势,着眼长远,统筹考虑,从城市规划的角度探索促进城市健康发展的相关策略。摘要     

杭州市管道直饮水的现状及前景分析

分析了目前国内直接饮用水的现状。介绍了杭州地区直饮水发展成果，通过比较分析得出适合杭州现状的供应模式，最后展望了杭州未来直饮水的前景，以使杭州市供水满足要求。     

统筹城乡发展的若干问题

当前,解决我国"三农"问题,并不是要不要城乡统筹的问题,主要是如何进行城乡统筹发展,正确实施城市反哺农村、工业支持农业的战略.这就需要我们在以下五方面深入研讨,立足于全局来寻求解决的方案.     

现代农业园区土地利用规划新 思路 ——以渝北国家农业园（拓展区）总体规划为例

当前我国现代农业园区建设呈方兴未艾之势,其兴起与发展是我国农业发展和农业科技革命的现实需要。本文介绍了农业园区的功能特征、开发模式、规划思路,并通过介绍渝北国家农业园(拓展区)总体规划实践,提出现代农业园区建设与发展遇到的问题及对策建议。     

基于MapInfo的小城镇综合管理地理信息系统开发与研究

针对小城镇综合管理的现状和发展,探讨了基于GIS技术的小城镇综合管理地理信息系统实现的技术路线、组成和结构。在进行了详细的用户需求分析后,结合小城镇的经济承受能力和科技力量,以Mapinfo为平台,以VB、Mapbasic及MapXtreme等控件相结合,开发了实用的小城镇综合管理地理信息系统。通过该系统可实现小城镇的规划管理及工业、农业、商业、税务、水利等的统计、查询、分析,同时可提供相应的图文资料。     

Crop and irrigation management strategies for saline-sodic soils and waters aimed at environmentally sustainable agriculture

Irrigation has long played a key role in feeding the expanding world population and is expected to play a still greater role in the future. As supplies of good-quality irrigation water are expected to decrease in several regions due to increased municipal-industrial-agricultural competition, available freshwater supplies need to be used more efficiently. In addition, reliance on the use and reuse of saline and/or sodic drainage waters, generated by irrigated agriculture, seems inevitable for irrigation. The same applies to salt-affected soils, which occupy more than 20% of the irrigated lands, and warrant attention for efficient, inexpensive and environmentally acceptable management. Technologically and from a management perspective, a couple of strategies have shown the potential to improve crop production under irrigated agriculture while minimizing the adverse environmental impacts. The first strategy, vegetative bioremediation--a plant-assisted reclamation approach--relies on growing appropriate plant species that can tolerate ambient soil salinity and sodicity levels during reclamation of salt-affected soils. A variety of plant species of agricultural significance have been found to be effective in sustainable reclamation of calcareous and moderately sodic and saline-sodic soils. The second strategy fosters dedicating soils to crop production systems where saline and/or sodic waters predominate and their disposal options are limited. Production systems based on salt-tolerant plant species using drainage waters may be sustainable with the potential of transforming such waters from an environmental burden into an economic asset. Such a strategy would encourage the disposal of drainage waters within the irrigated regions where they are generated rather than exporting these waters to other regions via discharge into main irrigation canals, local streams, or rivers. Being economically and environmentally sustainable, these strategies could be the key to future agricultural and economic growth and social wealth in regions where salt-affected soils exist and/or where saline-sodic drainage waters are generated.     

产业化生产与农村道路交通规划结合之思考

新农村规划已在我国全面开展,但针对农村的规划理论却还很薄弱。此背景下,农村道路交通规划很多照搬了城市交通规划的方法和理论,从而使得农村道路交通体系与农业产业化格格不入。本文以农业产业化视角,对现阶段农村道路交通规划存在问题进行分析,并从产业化的特点出发,提出农村道路交通规划的新思路。     

浅谈风光互补发电系统的应用

本文介绍了风光互补发电系统的构成、特点及前景,并通过一个实例,分析了整个系统的造价,指出了风光互补发电系统的成本问题仍然是限制它应用的主要因素。现在风光互补发电系统的造价虽然很高,但是因为太阳能和风能有着良好的互补性,同时它们的污染也非常小,是一种极具发展前景的可再生能源组合。最后提出了一种在风光互补发电系统上的PV/T混合系统,指出通过混合应用将有可能进一步降低系统的成本。     

建筑施工管理创新的一些见解

在我国建筑市场不断的发展下,建筑单位要想持续、稳定的发展下去,就需要不断地进行创新。目前,创新、改革和发展一体化正逐渐成为我国未来发展的基本战略。基于此,本文对建筑施工管理创新的一些见解进行了探讨。     

综合交通枢纽的城市同构

城市大型综合交通枢纽涵盖空港、海港、国铁、城市轨道交通、公交,以及立交道路等市政设施多元功能为一体,具有极强的交通特征。而城市建设用地紧张,环境制约因素繁多,反映了综合的城市问题。整合现有城市条件,梳理大型综合交通枢纽系统,实现枢纽地区交通组织和城市环境的融合,促进交通枢纽服务于城市可持续发展的互动关系,是城市综合交通枢纽建设面临的核心问题。本文尝试围绕铁路客站区域交通枢纽空间与城市建设一体化发展,研究综合交通枢纽与城市建设协同发展的设计策略,为探索城市未来的良性发展开拓思路,开启更为广阔的前景。     

基于土地流转的草尾镇城乡统筹发展规划设计研究

土地流转是城镇化建设的需要,也是现代农业的基础和前提,通过土地流转的桥梁作用,可以加快统筹城乡一体化发展,最终促进农村社会经济统筹发展,缩小农村与城市的差距。本文对沅江市草尾镇土地流转现状及措施进行分析,基于土地流转的城乡空间统筹布局进行研究,探讨城乡统筹发展实施成效,为研究城乡统筹发展规划抛砖引玉。     

Shale gas production in China: A regional analysis of subsidies and suggestions for policy

With the increasing dependence on imported natural gas, China has to develop unconventional natural gas resources, such as shale gas. However, the increasing shale gas production has brought about more pressure for governmental subsidies. We analyzed whether shale gas companies need subsidies by calculating the economic value of shale gas development in China from the perspective of enterprises, and estimated the maximum subsidy quota for shale gas development by measuring its economic, environmental, and social benefits from the country's perspective. Based on the principle of beneficiaries should pay, we clarified the sources of shale gas subsidy and calculated the required subsidy duration. The results indicate that some new development target areas and pre-invested target areas still need subsidies, which should be jointly provided by the central government, local finance departments, and other heavy-polluting enterprises. The subsidy duration and subsidy quota show a power function relation. On this basis, we put forward suggestions for shale gas subsidy policy.     

Ecology on the edge:: Landscape and ecology between town and country

The trends are world wide: people and goods are increasingly mobile, compact cities develop into urban networks, industrialising agriculture is becoming footloose, rural life becomes urban life in a green setting. Social segregation, traffic nuisance, urban sprawl and other unwanted impacts of these trends challenge urban and regional planners. The search for planning answers to these issues is further complicated by the need for sustainable development at a global scale. What is the role of ecology in the context of the discussions on the future of town and country? The traditional, and still dominant, approach is based on the polarity of urban and rural worlds. In this perspective, ecology focuses on the ‘nature’ of protected areas and biodiversity. The papers in this special issue explore the prospects of a wider perspective in which natural processes are seen as basic to both, rural and urban development. This article is digging up the fundamental ‘discourses’ underlying the two approaches to ecology and nature. Firstly, the ‘object-oriented’ and ‘process-oriented’ discourses are analysed. Secondly, the prospects of a process-oriented discourse are illustrated with plans for the Dutch Randstad and the German Ruhr area. Then, some new concepts are introduced that may strengthen the institutional conditions for the process-oriented approach. Discourses, concepts, plans and projects all circle around the central question in this article about the role of ecology in planning the edge of the city.     

中国高校博物馆建筑发展与设计初探

高校博物馆是已知最早的博物馆建筑,其工作内容及运营模式都不同于社会博物馆。我国高校博物馆发展较晚,从现状上来看仍存在一些问题,本文从我国高校博物馆的发展历史和现状出发,发掘现有的问题和局限,并对其未来发展模式和建筑设计提出建议并进行展望。     

日本膜结构的发展

被称为膜结构的这种新型建筑具有大空间结构和透光性，到目前给建筑带来了以前所没有的优点，在全世界都了对于这种特征的需求，但是这种结构还存在许多结构问题，在解决这些问题的过程中，在日本对膜结构是如何处理的，它是怎样发展过来的，它的现状如何，今后是如何考虑膜结构的问题，本文即是对上述内容的概要说明。     

纵观中国建筑发展史上的"两次断代"--中国建筑发展历程的再认识及对当代建筑的指导意义

本文通过对中西建筑发展的比较，发现中国建筑发展历程上的“两次断代”，并揭示其对中国当代建筑发展的不良影响以引起建筑师的关注。从系统论的角度上讲，事物的发展总是一个由量变到质变、再到量变的循环过程，部分的发展引起系统的发展，任何一个环节的缺失都会影响系统的正常运行。中国建筑在进入大发展的今天，我们是否能够正确认识自身的优势和劣势以及如何面对自身建筑未来的发展方向，值得我们思考。     

重庆市上市公司存在问题与改善对策分析

对重庆市从1993～1994年上市的22家A股公司存在的产业结构，公司治理等方面的问题进行了综合分析，并根据目前的实际情况以及未来发展的需要提出了包括产业结构调整、现代企业制度推行、促进资本市场发展以及宏观配套政策供给等一系列解决问题的对策措施。     

浅谈绿色建筑的发展现状与方向

针对高消耗高污染的现代建筑状况,通过对我国发展绿色建筑原因、现状及未来的描述,给出了只有发展绿色建筑才能够实现可持续发展的结论,并从概念上给人们描绘了绿色建筑的样式,以期促进我国绿色建筑的发展。     

风景园林学视角下的采石废弃地植被修复策略

随着城市建设的发展,越来越多的采石废弃地被修复为城市绿色空间,亟须从风景园林学的视角研究采石废弃地的植被修复。分析现阶段多种基于土地复垦学的采石废弃地植被修复技术的特点与不足,从风景园林学的视角解读采石废弃地的价值并提出修复原则。结合国内外采石废弃地景观修复的实践案例,总结适合于景观营建的植被修复策略和方法。针对岩壁与裸岩陡坡、边坡、坑口迹地和其他受干扰类废弃地提出15种植被修复策略,并指出其技术、景观与经济特点,以及修复策略的选择依据和修复过程中需要的多学科技术与措施。研究结果可为今后采石废弃地的景观修复提供参考。