焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的腐蚀及缓蚀性能研究

采用CMB-2510A腐蚀速率测量仪研究了焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的腐蚀特性,主要对焦化废水经生化处理和深度处理后的纳滤产水的腐蚀特性进行试验研究,并通过实验优选出ATMP+Zn²⁺复合缓蚀剂配方,使纳滤产水的腐蚀速率降到0.1001 mm/a,作为补水加入到循环水系统中,腐蚀速率降至0.0724 mm/a,远远低于《水处理剂缓蚀性能的测定旋转挂片法》（GB/T18175-2000）标准值（0.125 mm/a）。同时,考察了溶解氧和浓缩倍数对循环水腐蚀速率的影响,实际应用表明,该复合缓蚀剂能在浓缩倍数为4时,有效地解决循环水的腐蚀问题。     

油田集输管道腐蚀特性及防腐技术研究

为了保障油田集输管道的安全正常运行,延长其使用寿命,对西部某油田集输管道的腐蚀特性进行了研究,考察了实验温度、腐蚀介质p H值、CO₂含量、H₂S含量以及Cl^-含量对集输管道钢材腐蚀速率的影响,并开展了投加缓蚀剂防腐蚀技术措施研究。结果表明,随着实验温度的不断升高以及腐蚀介质中CO₂、H₂S和Cl^-含量的不断增大,钢片的腐蚀速率逐渐增大,而随着腐蚀介质p H值的逐渐升高,钢片的腐蚀速率则逐渐减小。缓蚀剂HXR-1的加入能够有效降低目标油田集输管道钢材的腐蚀速率,当其加量为80mg·L^-1时,钢片的腐蚀速率可由未添加缓蚀剂时的0.672mm·a^-1降低至0.022mm·a^-1,腐蚀速率降低率达到了96.73%。研究结果表明,目标油田集输管道腐蚀较为严重,添加缓蚀剂HXR-1能够起到良好的防腐蚀效果。     

环境友好型多功能海水缓蚀剂的研制及性能研究

为同时解决碳钢与铜材在海水中的腐蚀问题,将聚天冬氨酸、苯并三唑等5种原料按一定的质量比复配成多功能海水缓蚀剂。利用失重法和电化学法研究了海水缓蚀剂在海水中对A3碳钢及H62黄铜的缓蚀性能。结果表明,当海水缓蚀剂用量为150 mg/L时,对碳钢与黄铜在海水中的腐蚀均有良好的抑制作用,碳钢缓蚀率达到95.17%,黄铜缓蚀率达到93.67%。该海水缓蚀剂具有优良的生物降解性能,28 d后生物降解率达到82.6%。     

无磷水处理剂应用炼油污水回用系统动态模拟实验

采用NJHL-C型智能冷却水动态模拟装置对某炼油回用水进行动态实验,研究了循环水中各介质在浓缩过程中的变化规律、无磷水处理剂的缓蚀阻垢效果、高浓缩倍数运行状况下的腐蚀结垢倾向。结果表明,Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)含量、硬度及电导率均随浓缩倍数的提高而增大,但相互之间的增长速率略有差异。硬度在实验后期的增长速率有所减小,该系统在高浓缩倍数下运行时存在一定的结垢倾向;由于回用水质的特殊性,碱度及pH随浓缩倍数的增大而减小;在运行期间最高浓缩倍数可达到6.5,且循环水的污垢热绝缘系数、瞬时腐蚀率、沉积率均能符合GB 50050—2007规定。综合考虑节水减排效益及水质控制指标,运行浓缩倍数控制在5左右较适宜。     

模拟循环冷却系统黄铜管的腐蚀电化学

用研制的黄铜管腐蚀监测传感器对模拟循环冷却系统的黄铜管进行了电化学阻抗谱和电化学噪声测试.电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明,缓蚀剂能够在金属表面上形成保护性膜层抑制腐蚀过程.流速提高时溶液中氧的扩散速度提高,使缓蚀剂在HAl77-2管表面上的成膜作用加强,腐蚀速度降低.电化学噪声测试结果表明,提高流速对HSn70-1管局部腐蚀敏感性影响不大,而HAl77-2管在较高流速下局部腐蚀敏感性提高,表明电化学噪声能用于循环冷却系统黄铜管的腐蚀监测.流速对逆水流方向传感器的影响大于顺水流方向,因此实际应用时传感器应顺水流方向放置,以减小流速的影响.研究结果表明,所研制的传感器适用于动态条件下黄铜管的电化学测试.     

新型阻垢缓蚀剂XD-2在循环冷却水中的性能研究

针对山东某电厂的现场循环冷却水水质,采用静态阻垢试验、挂片腐蚀试验和动态模拟试验对复合阻垢缓蚀剂XD-1与XD-2在高浓缩倍数下的阻垢缓蚀性能进行了研究与评价.试验结果表明,配合加酸工艺,当循环冷却水浓缩倍数为3时,新型水质稳定剂XD-2与XD-1具有相当的阻垢缓蚀效果,而且XD-2加药量小,具有较高的经济性,可以降低火电厂水处理运行成本.     

循环冷却水处理技术的试验研究

针对秦岭发电有限公司循环冷却水水质特点,提出采用阻垢缓蚀剂-H2SO4-高效缓蚀剂SW-127联合加药处理方案.静态腐蚀试验确定最佳方案为缓蚀阻垢剂(60mg·L-1)+H2SO4(JD调至2.45mmol·L-1)+高效缓蚀剂(10mg· L-1),循环水的浓缩倍率从2.0倍可提高到4.76倍,碳钢和黄铜的平均腐蚀速...     

高浓度氯离子环境中铜合金缓蚀的电化学研究

应用线性电位扫描(LSV)和Tafel实验等电化学测试技术,研究了苯并三氮唑(BTA)浓度、缓蚀剂的复配、温度对铜合金在高浓度氯离子(25%氯化钙溶液)环境中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:缓蚀剂浓度改变将引起缓蚀效果的变化,BTA浓度较低时,铜合金腐蚀电位随缓蚀剂浓度增大而升高,腐蚀速率降低;BTA浓度超过0.2%后,铜合金腐蚀电位和腐蚀速率趋于稳定;NaNO2、Na2MoO4、(NH4)2MoO4等缓蚀剂与BTA复配,对改善缓蚀效果有一定作用;温度对缓蚀效果有重要影响,铜合金在高浓度氯离子溶液中的腐蚀速率随温度的升高而加快,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果随温度的升高而降低。     

EDTA清洗缓蚀剂IS-136的性能研究

通过对缓蚀剂用量、不同温度及不同材质的腐蚀速率等的测试 ,研究了IS 136缓蚀剂在EDTA清洗中的性能。结果表明 ,IS 136是一种性能优异的EDTA清洗缓蚀剂 ,135℃时对 2 0A钢和低合金钢的腐蚀速率≤ 5g/m2 ·h ,实际应用也证明 ,可完全满足电厂大容量锅炉EDTA清洗的要求。     

HS—I型海水腐蚀缓蚀剂研制成功

一种高效海水腐蚀缓蚀剂最近由国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所白荣明高级工程师等人研制成功。这种缓蚀剂在海水浓缩倍数分别为1、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0,即氯离子含量为18000～54000毫克/升的条件下,碳钢腐蚀率远远低于0.125毫米/年。     

海水淡化水缓蚀剂的研究及应用

对比了7种缓蚀剂在低碱、低硬、高氯离子的海水淡化水中对碳钢、黄铜、不锈钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:80 mg/L的TS-528G在海水淡化水中对碳钢、黄铜、不锈钢有良好的缓蚀效果,运行20 d碳钢的腐蚀率为0.027mm/a,黄铜的腐蚀率为0.002 2 mm/a,不锈钢的腐蚀率为0.002 5 mm/a。将TS-528G应用于天津大港某化工厂循环冷却水系统,运行7个月碳钢的腐蚀率<0.05 mm/a,黄铜、不锈钢的腐蚀率<0.004 mm/a。     

环境友好型海水缓蚀剂的研制及性能研究

环境友好型海水缓蚀剂由聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、硫酸锌、葡萄糖酸钠与2-羟基膦酰基乙酸(HPAA)复配制得,通过正交试验确定最佳复配质量比为4:5:8:0:5。利用失重法、电化学法和扫描电镜法研究了此四元海水缓蚀剂在海水中对A3碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,当海水缓蚀剂的用量为90 mg/L时,缓蚀率达到97.26%,有效抑制了碳钢在海水中的腐蚀。该海水缓蚀剂具有优良的生物降解性能,28 d的生物降解率达到85.65%。     

紫铜海水管焊接部位在人工海水中的腐蚀行为

通过阳极极化曲线、交流阻抗测试、扫描电镜研究了紫铜海水管焊接部位在人工海水中的腐蚀行为.结果表明：紫铜、白铜焊缝和黄铜焊缝在人工海水中的阳极过程类似,相同电位下,白铜焊缝的电流密度最小,耐蚀性最佳,与阻抗测试结果一致.黄铜焊缝在电位-0.012 V时出现电流峰,腐蚀产物膜多孔、疏松,随后电极进入钝化区,钝化膜由Cu₂O、CuCl和ZnO组成;随电位升高,钝化膜溶解,发生铜锌置换反应,沉积的Cu导致活性电对的形成,增加了合金的腐蚀速度;当电位为＋0.87 V时,电极表面富集了针状锡和锡的氧化物.随后,电极表面积累的锡和锡的氧化物及腐蚀产物层对脱锌腐蚀有一定的阻碍作用,电流密度有所下降,最后腐蚀达到一种动态平衡,腐蚀机制为溶解-再沉积机理.     

海洋环境中铝合金标签用缓蚀剂的研究

采用失重试验、极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱等方法,评价了不同缓蚀剂在人工海水中对5A05铝合金的缓蚀效果。结果表明:缓蚀效率依次为钨酸钠>2-巯基苯并咪唑>三聚磷酸钠>钼酸钠>2-巯基苯并噻唑>亚硝酸钠>8-羟基喹啉>硅酸钠>硫酸锌。钨酸钠、2-巯基苯并咪唑和三聚磷酸钠是最佳的缓蚀剂,根据失重试验得出它们的缓蚀效率分别为92.49%、90.47%和89.50%     

Study on the effect of vanillin on the corrosion inhibition of aluminum alloy

The effect of vanillin on the corrosion inhibition of aluminum (Al) alloy in seawater was studied by potentiodynamic polarization (PP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The surface morphology after its exposure to seawater with and without vanillin was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). All the studied parameters showed good inhibitive characteristics against the corrosion of Al alloy in the tested solution, and their performance was observed to increase with the inhibitor concentration. Polarization data indicated that the studied inhibitor is a mixed-type inhibitor. Linear polarization and EIS studies showed that there were significant increases in the overall resistance after the addition of vanillin. The adsorption of inhibitor on Al alloy was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The analysis of SEM and EDS confirmed the formation of precipitates of vanillin on the metal surface, which reduced the overall corrosion reaction.     

Adsorption and inhibitive properties of Apigenin derivatives as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for brass in nitric acid solution

Six apigenin derivatives were synthesized through Mannich reaction by using apigenin isolated from Hypericum perforatum as raw material. The inhibition performance of these apigenin derivatives were investigated as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for brass in 1.0 M HNO₃ solution by means of weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The obtained results show that the as-synthesized apigenin derivatives act as efficient inhibitors for brass in 1.0 M HNO₃. The inhibition efficiency increased with the increase in inhibitor concentration but decreased with a rise in temperature. The inhibition efficiency higher than 90% for these compounds was found even at a low concentration of 30?mg L^?1, which is superior to the commonly used synthetic organic corrosion inhibitors for brass in acidic media. Electrochemical studies indicate that the inhibitors are of mixed type but predominantly cathodic in HNO₃ solution. The inhibitor performance depends on the adsorption of the molecules on the metal surface. The thermodynamic parameters for inhibiting process were calculated according to the statistical model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption of these inhibitors on brass surface was spontaneous, controlled by physiochemical processes. The adsorption behaviour of these apigenin derivatives on the surface of brass was analyzed utilizing SEM, AFM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy measurements. The results confirmed that the apigenin derivatives prevented corrosion of brass by forming protective layer on its surface.     

Prevention of metallic corrosion by lauric hydrazide and its salts under vapor phase conditions

Six organic volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI) were synthesized using lauric hydrazide with various acids such as cinnamic acid, succinic acid, nitrobenzoic acid, phthalic acid, and maleic acid and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel, copper, brass, zinc, and aluminum by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization methods. All the investigated VCI exhibited good inhibition efficiency for all the metals tested. The inhibition efficiency of all compounds increased as the inhibitor concentration increased. Lauric hydrazide cinnamate showed the best results among all compounds studied. In addition, all inhibitors showed anodic behavior. Adsorption studies demonstrated that all the investigated compounds followed Temkin's adsorption isotherm.     

一种咪唑啉缓蚀剂的合成及评价

以硬脂酸、羟乙基乙二胺为原料,制备了咪唑啉类缓蚀剂ZW-1,利用失重法和极化曲线法评价了缓蚀剂ZW-1在不同浓度下的缓蚀性能,通过环境扫描电子显微镜扫描腐蚀钢片表面形貌,对其所形成缓蚀膜进行了表征。结果表明,当以饱和CO2及3.0%氯化钠为腐蚀介质,缓蚀剂质量浓度为400 mg/L时,缓蚀率可达到98%。同时极化曲线表明,缓蚀剂ZW-1是一种混合型缓蚀剂。     

盐酸溶液中二乙烯三胺对黄铜的缓蚀作用及吸附热力学研究

采用失重法研究了不同温度下不同浓度的二乙烯三胺在10%的盐酸介质中对黄铜的缓蚀作用.结果表明,二乙烯三胺在10%的盐酸介质中对黄铜的脱锌腐蚀有良好的抑制作用,二乙烯三胺在黄铜表面的吸附规律基本服从Langmuir等温式,由此获得相关热力学参数.     

盐类浓度对油酸咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀率的影响

针对油田污水富含钙、镁、钠等盐类的现状,合成了油酸咪唑啉季铵盐,采用电化学极化法和静态失重法测试了其缓蚀性能,并采用电化学极化法考察了强酸腐蚀介质中氯化钙、氯化镁及氯化钠3种盐的浓度对该缓蚀剂缓蚀率的影响。结果表明:该缓蚀剂是一种以阳极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂;在1mol·L-1 HCl溶液中,当缓蚀剂浓度为5mg·L-1时,N80钢片的腐蚀速率和缓蚀剂的缓蚀率趋于稳定;随着介质中盐类浓度的增大,缓蚀剂的缓蚀率逐渐减小。分析认为,缓蚀率减小的原因可能是由于介质的电导率增大,导致腐蚀速率加快。