共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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治理含汞废水是水处理技术的一项重大课题。本文综合评述了阳离子交换树脂、阴离子交换树脂、螯合树脂、离子交换纤维和腐植酸离子交换树脂等离子交换剂治理含汞废水的工艺原理。腐植酸离子交换树脂是用腐植酸类物质制成的一类树脂,因为含有羧基、羟基等活性基团,因而有较强的离子交换性能。文中介绍了对几种含汞废水的治理实例。 相似文献
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研讨了大孔螯合树脂聚-N-邻羟苄叉乙烯基苄胺(poly-N-salicylidenevinylbenzylamine,简称 PSB)的合成及应用。试验结果表明,PSB 树脂对 Cu~(2+)具有吸附选择性。当吸附体系中存在低分子络合剂 SCN~-和丙酮溶剂时,PSB 树脂对 Fe~(3+)、CO~(2+)的吸附容量显著增加。将其应用于光亮镀镍溶液中微量铜(Cu~(2+))的去除以及废水中微量铜(Cu~(2+))的回收有一定效果。 相似文献
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稠油废水回用热采锅炉供水工艺与工程实践 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
总结了稠油废水的来源和特性,针对稠油废水出路,阐述稠油废水回用热采锅炉供水的意义.评介稠油废水进出水水质、工艺流程、回用工艺认识,阐述缓冲调节、混凝沉降、溶气浮选、吸附除硅、粗精过滤、弱酸软化、污泥脱水等各单元处理工艺的应用现状、工艺特点、选择经验、发展趋势,并简述工程实践概况.提出存在的主要技术难题和解决对策,为回用工艺的进一步发展完善提供借鉴. 相似文献
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常规稠油热采废水处理采用除油软化工艺,出水水质较低,仅能用于直流小注汽锅炉补水。由于小注汽锅炉参数低,排污量大,能耗高,造成采油蒸汽成本高。针对该问题,开发了预处理-蒸发-生物处理-膜处理-混床工艺处理稠油热采废水,并通过实验对工艺各子系统运行性能进行研究以提高处理效果,使系统处理出水可用于电站高参数锅炉补给水,达到以热电联产机组取代小注汽锅炉,降低采油蒸汽费用的目的。研究结果表明,采用该工艺对稠油热采废水进行处理,各子系统运行稳定;废水经除硅软化预处理及蒸发后,产水TOC平均约22mg/L;曝气生物滤池产水TOC平均约6mg/L;再经超滤-反渗透处理后产水TOC含量小于0.15mg/L;继续经混床处理,最终出水电导率≤0.15μS/cm、二氧化硅≤10μg/L、TOC≤200μg/L,满足电站高参数锅炉补水水质要求,每吨水直接运行费用为8.05元。 相似文献
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Strong‐field ligands (amino moieties) are introduced into a hydrogel resin to obtain a chelating resin via inversion suspension polymerization. The characteristics of chelating copolymers are measured by using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After chelating copolymers adsorb cupric ions, the absorption peak of stretch N? H is shifted to higher frequency because of a coordination reaction from the FTIR spectra. Furthermore, the mechanism of metal complex adsorption on the chelating copolymer is that the strong‐field chelating ligand decomposes the bonding of the metal complexes and recoordinates the cupric ion to a chelating polymer, which is examined via FTIR, SEM with EA, and ionic chromatography analysis. The maximum adsorption capacity of cupric ions is 1.08 mmol/g and the adsorption capacity increases with the increase of the pH of the solution. The stability constant of the Cu chelating copolymer is 1018.72, and it can have competition adsorption with EDTA in aqueous solution. These amino chelating copolymers can be used not only to recover metal ions but also to move anion pollution in wastewater. It is interesting that parts of the cupric ions adsorbed on the chelating copolymer are reduced into cupreous ions and/or copper atoms after electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis measurement. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2457–2468, 2005 相似文献
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合成了大孔水杨酰腙 -聚苯乙烯型螯合树脂 ,通过静态吸附和动态吸附方法 ,研究了树脂对常见过渡金属离子的螯合性能。结果表明 ,在 p H=5 .5时 ,树脂对 Zn2 +的吸附量达 0 .81 mm ol· g- 1树脂。据此提出了一个通过分离富集 ,来测定牛奶中微量锌的新方法。并初步将研究成果应用于本化学实验室的绿色化建设中 相似文献
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重金属离子由于其毒性和不可降解性,严重威胁着人们的生存环境和身体健康,一直是环境污染治理领域研究的重点和难点。本文介绍了重金属离子的危害和来源及处理方法,综述了重金属螯合剂和重金属螯合复合材料的国内外研究现状,分析评述了以高分子树脂、硅胶微粒、生物质、纳米颗粒和多孔介孔材料为基体的重金属螯合复合材料的国内外研究进展状况和存在问题。提出重金属螯合复合材料今后研究方向为:基体材料的选择应重点考虑材料来源、价格和性能,优先选择生物质材料、纳米材料和多孔介料;选择和探索新的高效螯合功能基团;复合材料制备和使用过程中应注意材料与环境的相容性,不产生环境污染。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(17):2245-2261
Abstract An experimental study was conducted on the chelation and electrolytic foam separation of trace amounts of copper, nickel, zinc, and cadmium from a synthetic chelated metal wastewater. Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), citrate, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NDDTC), and potassium ethyl xanthate (KEtX) were used with sodium dodecylsulfate (NaDS) as a foam-producing agent. Experimental results from an electrolytic foam separation process showed that chelating agents NDDTC and KEtX, due to their higher chelating strength and hydrophobic property, can efficiently separate Cu and Ni from chelated compounds (Cu, Ni/EDTA, and Cu, Ni/citrate). In a Cu-EDTA-NDDTC system with a chelating agent/metal ratio of 4, the residual Cu(II) concentration is 0.7 mg/L. The effects of chelating agent types and different chelating agents concentrations on the removal of metal ions were studied. The effect of NaDS dosage on flotation behavior and the efficiency of metal removal were also investigated. 相似文献
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离子液体作为一种新型的绿色溶剂,在重金属离子萃取分离方面较传统的有机溶剂有显著的优势。本文系统综述了近年来使用离子液体萃取重金属离子的研究进展,详细讨论了离子液体萃取重金属离子的原理和影响因素,包括螯合剂浓度、萃取时间、萃取温度、离子液体组成、溶液pH值、金属离子初始浓度、干扰离子以及水/离子液体质量比等。进一步介绍了提高离子液体萃取性能的措施以及金属离子的脱除与离子液体的回收状况,以及该萃取方法在废水处理、重金属离子分析和冶金中的研究与应用现状,最后指出其未来发展方向是合成功能化离子液体、提高萃取效率,以实现其工业化应用。 相似文献
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A series of methacrylate‐based chelating polymers was synthesized by the reaction of 3‐hydroxy‐4‐acetylphenyl methacrylate with amines (e.g., ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, and phenylenediamine) in tetrahydrofuran. The chelating polymers were characterized by infrared (IR) and carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C–NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The thermal stabilities of these polymers were investigated by thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). Heavy metal ions [viz., Pb(II), Hg(II), Cd(II), and Cr(VI)] were removed with these chelating polymers, and metal ion uptake efficiency, reusability of the resins, and effects of pH and time on the metal removal were also studied. The chelating polymers possess appreciable selectivity for Pb(II) and Hg(II) compared with Cd(II) and Cr(VI). The chelating ability of the polymers towards the heavy metal ions is a sensitive function of the nature of the substituent on the nitrogen atom. The amount of metal uptake by the chelating polymer was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 414–421, 2003 相似文献