共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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稀土分离工业规模试验中离心萃取器的应用周秀珠周嘉贞于文东张成群李凤歧(清华大学,北京100084)关键词:稀土分离离心萃取器1前言离心萃取器是一种高效的液液萃取设备,与以往的重力萃取设备相比较,它具有设备内滞留量小、停留时间短、设备体积小、生产能力... 相似文献
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离心萃取器在高纯稀土分离中的应用周嘉贞周秀珠于文东张成群李凤歧(清华大学核能技术设计研究院,北京100084)关键词:高纯稀土分离离心萃取器1前言目前用于液液萃取的设备可分为三大类:箱式设备(如混合澄清槽)、塔式设备(如筛板柱)和离心萃取器。前二种... 相似文献
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何贻柏 《稀有金属与硬质合金》1993,(2):45-49
简述了单级离心萃取器的特点、结构及工作原理;利用离心萃取技术改造株洲冶炼厂铝、锗萃取回收旧工艺的原理和综合试验结果;以及离心萃取设备在我国稀土分离中的应用现状。 相似文献
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从提炼金属钪废渣中分离提取高纯氧化钪工艺研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本工艺选用P350从提炼金属钪废渣盐酸浸出液中分离提取高纯氧化钪。作者详尽讨论了萃取剂浓度、料液浓度、酸度及相比等因素对Sc萃取率影响以及料液酸度、P350浓度对Sc与31种杂质元素分离效果的影响,探索了Sc的沉淀工艺和灼烧工艺。在上述研究的基础上确立了P350萃取法从提炼金属钪废渣中分离提取高纯氧化钪工艺条件。采用单级萃取器、二级逆流萃取,共回收氧化钪18.5kg,产品质量稳定,工艺直收率大于95%,氧化钪纯度相对稀土杂质大于99.999%,相对31个金属杂质大于99.99%。 相似文献
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Extraction separation of rare earth with a novel USE extractor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The extraction separation of rare earth with a new USE extractor,using kerosene solution of HEH(EHP) as an extractant was studied.In single stage extractor experiment,the stage efficiencies of the USE extractor were measured.A six-stage USE extractor experiment of separating La and Ce,and funnel cascade experiment of the same process parameters were made.The experimental results showed that the USE extractor had high stage efficiencies,small basal area and big throughput capacity per unit volume coupled with improved operating environment. 相似文献
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Ion adsorption type rare earth ores (IATREOs) are a valuable strategic mineral resource in China, which feature a complete composition of fifteen rare earth elements and are rich in medium and heavy rare earth (RE) elements. In the leaching process for recovering rare earth elements from IATREOs, many impurities will be leached together with rare earth elements and enter the leaching liquor. An impurity removal-precipitation enrichment technique is currently applied to selectively recovery rare earth elements from the leaching liquor with the high content of impurities and low concentration of rare earth elements by using ammonium bicarbonate in the industry. However, a high loss of rare earth elements and severe ammonia nitrogen pollution are caused by this process. Therefore, more beneficial impurities removal technologies, mainly for aluminum, and green enrichment technologies with lower pollution are now urgently needed. For this purpose, this paper analyzed two aspects of research progress in recent decades: the green separation of rare earth elements and aluminum from leaching liquor and the green and efficient enrichment of rare earth elements. Finally, an approach for the high-efficiency and green enrichment of rare earth elements from leaching liquor of the IATREOs is proposed in several aspects, including impurity inhibition leaching, neutralization and impurity removal, alkaline calcium and magnesium salt precipitation enrichment, and centrifugal extraction enrichment. 相似文献
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Influence of Rare Earth Elements on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast High-Speed Steel Rolls 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The influence of rare earth (RE) elements on the solidification process and eutectic transformation and mechanical properties of the high-V type cast, high-speed steel roll was studied. Test materials with different RE additions were prepared on a horizontal centrifugal casting machine. The solidification process, eutectic structure transformation, carbide morphology, and the elements present, were all investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The energy produced by crack initiation and crack extension was analyzed using a digital impact test machine. It was found that rare earth elements increased the tensile strength of the steel by inducing crystallization of earlier eutectic γ-Fe during the solidification process, which in turn increased the solidification temperature and thinned the dendritic grains. Rare earth elements with large atomic radius changed the lattice parameters of the MC carbide by forming rare earth carbides. This had the effect of dispersing longpole M C carbides to provide carbide grains, thereby, reducing the formation of the gross carbide and making more V available, to increase the secondary hardening process and improve the hardness level. The presence of rare earth elements in the steel raised the impact toughness by changing the mechanism of MC carbide formation, thereby increasing the crack initiation energy. 相似文献
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圆筒式离心萃取器在锆铪分离中的应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
应用圆筒式离心萃取器对锆铪进行了分离,锆铪皆达到核反应堆可用的纯度。介绍了圆筒式离心萃取器的操作原理,并与混合澄清槽进行了比较,显示了其快速萃取的优点。 相似文献
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准确测定镧镍合金中稀土总量,对于有效控制镧镍合金的生产技术和产品质量具有重要意义。因镧镍合金中镍含量在50%(质量分数,下同)以上,其他共存元素中钴约10%、锰约5%,故很难通过单一分离方式彻底分离共存元素。实验依次采用氟化分离、氨水分离、草酸沉淀方式分离共存元素,进而对镧镍合金中稀土总量的测定进行探讨。试样经盐酸和硝酸溶解,采用氢氟酸、氨水、草酸沉淀稀土,逐一分离去除干扰元素,在pH值为1.8~2.0条件下,稀土元素沉淀为草酸稀土,950℃灼烧草酸稀土生成稀土氧化物(不含氧化钍),再以镧对氧化镧换算成金属稀土总量。盐酸-硝酸能够完全平稳溶解试样,且测定结果(30.42%)与参考值(30.43%)相符;采用氟化分离、氨水分离、草酸沉淀的分离方式很好地去除了镍、钴、锰、铝、铜、铁等非稀土杂质;按照实验方法测定镧镍合金样品中稀土总量,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)均小于0.50%;加标回收率为 99%~101%。按照实验方法选取两家实验室对镧镍合金中稀土总量进行测定数据比对,结果基本一致并与参考值相符。 相似文献
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准确测定镧镍合金中稀土总量,对于有效控制镧镍合金的生产技术和产品质量具有重要意义。因镧镍合金中镍含量在50%(质量分数,下同)以上,其他共存元素中钴约10%、锰约5%,故很难通过单一分离方式彻底分离共存元素。实验依次采用氟化分离、氨水分离、草酸沉淀方式分离共存元素,进而对镧镍合金中稀土总量的测定进行探讨。试样经盐酸和硝酸溶解,采用氢氟酸、氨水、草酸沉淀稀土,逐一分离去除干扰元素,在pH值为1.8~2.0条件下,稀土元素沉淀为草酸稀土,950℃灼烧草酸稀土生成稀土氧化物(不含氧化钍),再以镧对氧化镧换算成金属稀土总量。盐酸-硝酸能够完全平稳溶解试样,且测定结果(30.42%)与参考值(30.43%)相符;采用氟化分离、氨水分离、草酸沉淀的分离方式很好地去除了镍、钴、锰、铝、铜、铁等非稀土杂质;按照实验方法测定镧镍合金样品中稀土总量,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)均小于0.50%;加标回收率为 99%~101%。按照实验方法选取两家实验室对镧镍合金中稀土总量进行测定数据比对,结果基本一致并与参考值相符。 相似文献
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预分离萃取法是首先用少量级数对待分离的原料进行预先分离,然后再流入级数较多的、进行相邻元素间分离的细分离工艺,从而减少进入级数较多的相邻元素分离工艺的料液量。因而,整体工艺的萃取槽体积减少25%~40%,有机相、水相及稀土金属的存槽量减少25%~40%,酸碱消耗也减少30%~40%,废水排放量大为减少。预分离工艺有多种形式,相邻元素间的细分离工艺也有多种类型。本文介绍了预分离萃取法的形成缘由、基本原理,使用这种方法的基本原则和它的各种工艺形式,以及用预分离萃取法分离低钇离子稀土矿的新工艺。 相似文献