基于WiFi的无线语音接收终端设计

针对目前的语音调度系统存在实时性差、需要布设大量电缆等问题,设计了一种基于WiFi的无线语音接收终端。该语音接收终端工作时,无线收发模块GS1011接收来自无线网络的数据帧,STM32微控制器以中断方式将接收到的数据放入环形缓存区中,当环形缓存区数据大于播放阈值,STM32微控制器从环形缓存区中读取语音数据并通过音频编解码模块VS1053解码播放。同时,该语音接收终端采用RTP协议结合环形缓存及动态调整语音回放速率的措施来消除网络抖动现象。测试结果表明,该语音接收终端响应时间不到1s,语音信号稳定,消除了网络抖动带来的影响。     

基于片段缓存的动态网页传送模型*

片段缓存机制是加速动态网页分发的有效解决方案之一,但是实施片段缓存需要有效的共享片段检测机制。针对这种情况,提出了一种高效的共享片段检测算法,介绍了基于片段缓存的动态网页传送模型。该模型能够自动识别共享片段和有效的缓存单元,更好地消除冗余数据,提高缓存命中率。实验和分析表明,与现有方案ESI和Silo相比,该模型能够有效节约带宽,缩短用户请求的响应时间。     

基于WiFi的Android移动设备语音通信系统的设计开发

鉴于WiFi信号的覆盖范围的日益扩大和智能终端设备的普遍应用,设计开发一种应用于Android移动设备的无线语音通信系统.语音信号通过WiFi无线网络传输.接入无线局域网内的Android系统终端用户可通过WiFi无线网络相互之间进行免费的全双工语音通话,也可以通过服务器上的VOIP接口发起和接收远程呼叫.同时实现了服务器对终端设备的控制和管理.该系统获得良好的通话质量,并具有较强的可扩展性.     

一种多租户云数据存储缓存管理机制

随着云计算的普及,软件即服务(software as a service,SaaS)逐渐成为云计算的一种重要表现形式.云中数据节点的缓存是提高多租户应用数据访问性能的一种重要资源,缓存资源的共享和分配受到SaaS提供商的关注.对SaaS提供商而言,如何在多租户间有效地分配数据节点上的缓存资源,从而满足租户的服务水平协议(service level agreement,SLA),获得更高的收益已成为一项挑战.为此,提出了多租户云数据存储缓存管理机制,以实现服务提供商收益最大化的目标,结合SLA收益模型,评估不同缓存策略下服务提供商获取的收益值,将全局缓存管理问题定义为目标优化问题,并结合缓存分配特点,采用优化的遗传算法解决该问题.通过实验比较,该方法能保证SaaS服务提供商在多租户间有效利用缓存资源获取高收益.     

无线传感器网络流量的冗余抑制机制研究

冗余抑制是一种通过在接收节点缓存频繁传输的内容以避免多次发送重复数据的网络流量抑制技术.现有的解决方式需要有大量的内存,用于分析当前冗余流量并维持缓存.由于硬件的限制,无线传感器节点在同一时刻不能够提供相应的资源;协议和通信模式的多样性还使得通信中冗余发生的频率及其所占比例难以预测.因此,给出了一种改进的冗余抑制协议,通过概率流量分析以确定和缓存那些造成最多流量储存的冗余传输子集,实现性能表现接近于建立在全面分析和无约束缓存基础上的冗余抑制解决方案.     

基于均衡数据放置策略的分布式网络存储编码缓存方案

为了保证网络存储的负载平衡并避免在节点或磁盘故障的情况下造成不可恢复的损失,提出一种基于均衡数据放置策略的分布式网络存储编码缓存方案,针对大型高速缓存和小型缓存分别给出了不同的解决办法。首先,将Maddah方案扩展到多服务器系统,结合均衡数据放置策略,将每个文件作为一个单元存储在数据服务器中,从而解决大型高速缓存问题;然后,将干扰消除方案扩展到多服务器系统,利用干扰消除方案降低缓存的峰值速率,结合均衡数据放置策略,提出缓存分段的线性组合,从而解决小型缓存问题。最后,通过基于Linux的NS2仿真软件,分别在一个和两个奇偶校验服务器系统中进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明,提出的方案可以有效地降低峰值传输速率,相比其他两种较新的缓存方案,提出的方案获得了更好的性能。此外,采用分布式存储虽然限制了将来自不同服务器的内容组合成单个消息的能力,导致编码缓存方案性能损失,但可以充分利用分布式存储系统中存在的固有冗余,从而提高存储系统的性能。     

无线自组网中数据缓存DGA算法的改进

无线移动节点通过数据缓存可以减少自身访问数据的延迟,为整个网络节省带宽。针对该特点,改进分布式贪婪算法的收益函数,将数据访问频率分为本地访问频率和其他节点访问频率赋予不同权重,研究不同权重时的应用场景。NS2仿真结果表明,在不同场景中合理选择权重可提高数据缓存的效率。     

基于WiFi的无线浪高数据采集系统的设计

在海洋工程实验室现场数据采集过程中,由于测试点分散、实时性能要求较高、现场布线相对繁琐,提出一种基于WiFi的无线浪高数据采集系统。该系统主要由数据采集模块、单片机控制模块、无线WiFi模块以及上位机系统构成。采集的浪高信号经过电压偏置和低通滤波后由单片机控制器进行AD转换,然后通过无线WiFi模块输出数据。上位机系统通过无线AP点接收数据,再利用分析软件对数据进行分析和显示动态数据。在实验水池中,搭建由造波机、数据采集系统、无线接入点、上位机组成的实验系统来采集实时的浪高数据并验证系统数据传输的稳定性和数据通信的可靠性。通过实验证明,该系统可以实时采集浪高数据,具有传输速率快、可靠性高、实时性好的特点。     

基于UA信息缓存的移动数据适配系统的设计与实现

提出并实现一种移动数据适配系统,其主要功能是将Web内容转换为WAP内容,该系统通过分析用户请求的UA信息,对相类似的掌上终端进行预适配,并将结果在缓存中保存,当相类似的用户设备进行请求时,可直接从缓存中获得结果,极大地提升系统运行效率。     

一种应用于分布式缓存系统中的缓存部署算法

缓存技术能有效的节省网络带宽,减少用户的访问延迟.在分布式缓存系统中,一个值得研究的问题是如何根据用户的请求动态的进行缓存部署,使得系统的收益最大.描述了缓存部署问题并建立了优化模型,在此基础上提出一种新的协作缓存部署算法,该算法利用对象的热度、网络距离,以及系统中各节点接收的请求和系统缓存分布信息,依次对请求路径上的节点进行缓存部署决策,同时该算法将计算分布到请求路径的各个节点上进行.仿真结果表明,该算法具有比LRU和Graph算法更高的缓存命中率和更低的访问延迟.     

基于分组特性的冗余流量消除算法

针对大量数据片段冗余传输造成网络传输效率降低的问题,在协议无关冗余消除技术的基础上,提出了一种基于分组特性的冗余流量消除(PFRTE)算法。该算法以对数据包大小分组为基础,动态统计和分析网络流量的双峰特性和分组特性,以对冗余消除贡献大的数据包为阈值,利用滑动窗口计算数据块的边界点,对两个边界点间的数据块计算其指纹并进行指纹匹配。对重复传输的数据块进行简单编码,用编码数据替换重复传输的数据片段,再对消除冗余流量的数据包进行传输。与基于最大值选择和基于静态查找表选择等冗余流量消除算法相比,PFRTE算法动态统计网络流量分组特性,能够大大减少服务器端和客户端的CPU运行时间,同时冗余消除字节节省了8%~40%,证明了该算法的有效性。     

Video Capacity of WLANs With a Multiuser Perceptual Quality Constraint

As wireless local area networks (WLANs) become a part of our network infrastructure, it is critical that we understand both the performance provided to the end users and the capacity of these WLANs in terms of the number of supported flows (calls). Since it is clear that video traffic, as well as voice and data, will be carried by these networks, it is particularly important that we investigate these issues for packetized video. In this paper, we investigate the video user capacity of wireless networks subject to a multiuser perceptual quality constraint. As a particular example, we study the transmission of AVC/H.264 coded video streams over an IEEE 802.11a WLAN subject to a constraint on the quality of the delivered video experienced by r% (75%, for example) of the users of the WLAN. This work appears to be the first such effort to address this difficult but important problem. Furthermore, the methodology employed is perfectly general and can be used for different networks, video codecs, transmission channels, protocols, and perceptual quality measures.      

基于自相似业务的RED算法性能研究

通过计算研究无线局域网中业务流的自相似性和仿真实验,研究无线局域网中基于自相似业务的RED算法的性能。仿真结果表明由于业务流的自相似性的负面影响和无线网络本身特点的影响,RED算法和Drop-Tail算法的性能差别不大。由于Drop-Tail算法简单易行、开销较低,建议在无线接入点采用Drop-Tail算法进行拥塞控制。     

Greening campus WLANs: Energy-relevant usage and mobility patterns

The past years have witnessed a significant increase in the number of WLANs deployed in most of the enterprises, campuses and public areas to provide high-speed Internet connectivity. These WLANs typically consist of APs densely installed to assure enough capacity to meet users demand during the peak period of activity. At the same time, it translates into a serious energy wastage during low-utilization periods, when capacity is not needed at the APs. To reduce this wastage, many proposed solutions consist of adapting the active capacity to the actual needs, introducing switching strategies able to turn on and off the APs. The effectiveness and potential benefit of these strategies strongly depend on the user behavior and traffic patterns.In this paper, we focus our analysis on the real usage characteristics of a dense WLAN (such as users’ behavior and users’ mobility patterns) in a university campus and evaluate potential energy savings and benefits achievable when introducing AP on/off switching strategies. We discuss different strategies, in which decisions are based either on: (1) historical behavior in the campus, or on (2) current AP utilization. In addition, considering the large overlapping coverage available in dense WLANs, we investigate users’ mobility patterns to derive further improvements to AP switching strategies. The results show that, due to the repetitiveness of users’ patterns and large differences in WLAN usage between days and nights, as well as between weekdays and weekends, large savings of up to 40% can be easily achieved. Moreover, by fine-tuning the strategies in different areas of the campus, additional savings are possible. The deployment of these strategies leads to energy saving and, as a practical consequence, to a remarkable reduction of electricity costs.     

Integrating wireless LAN and cellular data for the enterprise

The Internet Roaming solution for corporate wireless data users integrates mobile networking across private WLANs, public WLANs, and cellular data networks.     

VANET中基于捎带确认机制的自适应数据传播策略

车载自组网（VANET）通过自组织分散环境传播交通数据,交通数据的特点使得VANET数据传播方法更适合依赖广播。然而,当在高密度场景下广播数据时,可扩展问题和数据传播冗余问题变得尤为突出,可能导致广播风暴的发生。针对数据传播冗余和广播开销等问题,以最远转发策略和捎带确认机制为基础,提出一种捎带确认的自适应最远转发策略（AckAMFR）,根据存储转发的概念进行信息的传输和存储,降低了数据冗余,具有较强的可靠性和较小的广播开销。仿真结果表明,该转发策略具有低广播开销和高数据传输率的特性。     

Remote analysis of a distributed WLAN using passive wireless-side measurement

This paper presents network traffic measurements from a campus-wide wireless LAN (WLAN), with the data collected using remote passive wireless-side measurement. We used commercially-available monitoring devices to collect wireless traffic concurrently from 9 selected locations on the campus WLAN for 6 weeks. The aggregate trace contains almost 1 billion wireless frames, representing the WLAN activity generated by 6775 users and 97 access points. Analysis of the dataset identifies similarities and differences in the user behaviours across the observed WLAN locations, as well as emerging trends in WLAN usage regarding application usage and session mobility. Our study extends existing WLAN measurement studies by providing deeper insights into how WLANs are used, and by developing models of WLAN usage characteristics that are applicable in capacity planning, network testing, and network simulation studies.     

A study of adaptive forward error correction for wireless collaborative computing

This paper addresses the problem of reliably multicasting Web resources across wireless local area networks (WLANs) in support of collaborative computing applications. An adaptive forward error correction (FEC) protocol is described, which adjusts the level of redundancy in the data stream in response to packet loss conditions. The proposed protocol is intended for use on a proxy server that supports mobile users on a WLAN. The software architecture of the proxy service and the operation of the adaptive FEC protocol are described. The performance of the protocol is evaluated using both experimentation on a mobile computing testbed as well as simulation. The results of the performance study show that the protocol can quickly accommodate worsening channel characteristics in order to reduce delay and increase throughput for reliable multicast channels.     

Energy-performance trade-off in dense WLANs: A queuing study

The increasing concern about the energy consumption of communication networks is driving the research community to identify approaches to save energy in the networks of today. For instance, considering wireless local area networks (WLANs), the activation of network resources can be driven by the user demand, avoiding having to always power on all Access Points (APs). In this paper, we consider a portion of a dense WLAN system, where many APs are deployed to provide sufficient capacity to serve a large number of active users during peak traffic hours. To provide large capacity, a number of APs are colocated in the same position and provide identical coverage; we say that these APs belong to the same group, and they serve users in the same area. The areas covered by different groups only partially overlap, so that some active users can only be served by a group of APs, but a fraction of active users can be served by several groups. Due to daily variations of the number of active users accessing the WLAN, some APs can be switched off to save energy when not all the capacity is needed. The main focus of our study is the investigation of the type of algorithm that should be used for the association of active users with APs in order to increase the amount of saved energy in dense WLANs. Results show that when some system state information is available, such as the number of users associated with each AP, the energy consumption can decrease up to 20%. Furthermore, our study gives comprehensive insights on the trade-off between the opposite needs to save energy and provide quality of service to the users.     

Efficient multicasting over large-scale WLANs through controlled association

Support for efficient multicasting in WLANs can enable new services such as streaming of TV channels, radio channels, and visitor’s information. With increasing deployments of large-scale WLANs, such services can be made available to a large number of users. However, any new multicast based services must minimally impact the existing unicast services which are currently the core services offered by most WLANs. In this paper, we leverage the flexibility of associating with different access-points (APs), which occurs often due to overlapping coverage of APs, to optimize the network’s objective. Motivated by different revenue functions and network scenarios, three different optimization objectives are considered which are: maximizing the number of admitted users (MNU), balancing the load among APs (BLA), and minimizing the load of APs (MLA). We show that these problems are NP-hard and present centralized approximation algorithms and distributed approaches to solve them. These algorithms compute which AP a user should be associated with. Using simulations we evaluate their performance and compare them to a naive approach in which users associate to the AP with the best RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator).