TiN涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究I．TiN涂层的保护性能与失效机制

利用电化学方法以及扫描电镜(SEM)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)等技术，研究了离子镀TiN薄膜涂层在0．5mol NaCl和lmol/L H2SO4溶液中的保护性能和失效机制、结果表明：TiN涂层可以提高材料在中性和酸性溶液中的耐蚀性能，TiN涂层的保护机制为物理屏障作用；镀层的微观结构缺陷是涂层失效的主要原因，涂层下金属的腐蚀行为与孔蚀类似。     

添加纳米锌粉环痒涂层腐蚀电化学行为

用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术研究了添加不同质量 百分比浓度的纳米锌粉环氧涂层的腐蚀电化学行为，并与环氧清漆(不含颜料)涂层的腐蚀电化学行为进行对比.结果表明，添加不同质量百分比浓度纳米锌粉环氧涂层与环氧清漆涂层具有不同的电化学阻抗谱特征.纳米锌粉的添加量对涂层的防护性能有显著影响，添加不同质量百分比浓度纳米锌粉环氧涂层防腐蚀性能的优劣顺序为：环氧清漆涂层>20mass%>10mass%>2mass%纳米锌环氧涂层.添加纳米锌粉对环氧涂层的防护性能有2方面的影响：一方面使涂层中的微观缺陷大大增多，涂层的防护性能降低；另一方面，由于锌粉的腐蚀产物可将涂层中部分缺陷堵塞，从而对涂层的防护性能有提高作用.由于在所研究的质量百分比浓度范围内(2mass%～20mass%)，前者起了主导作用，所以综合作用的结果是使涂层的防护性能变差.  s.     

反应等离子喷涂TiN涂层热处理后的电化学腐蚀性能

研究了热处理后TiN涂层在模拟海水中的腐蚀行为,采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、动电位极化曲线、扫描电镜和能谱分析等技术研究了热处理后TiN涂层电化学腐蚀参数及组织的变化。结果表明:热处理后TiN涂层的耐蚀性明显提高,自腐蚀电流仅为热处理前的13.3%,极化电阻约是热处理前的20倍;电化学阻抗谱描绘了热处理后涂层的腐蚀过程及导致涂层腐蚀的主要因素,涂层局部的孔隙腐蚀是引起电化学腐蚀参数变化的主要因素,腐蚀初期孔隙电阻由大变小,后期又会由小变大,从而使涂层的腐蚀速率发生变化;热处理会使涂层的通孔率降低为87%,主要原因是在热处理过程,TiN与大气中的O2发生了氧化反应,生成密度较TiN小的TiO2相和Ti3O相,使涂层中的部分通孔被封闭,耐蚀性得以提高。     

TiN涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究Ⅰ.TiN涂层的保护性能与失效机制

利用电化学方法以及扫描电镜 (SEM )、扫描隧道显微镜 (STM )等技术 ,研究了离子镀TiN薄膜涂层在 0 5mol/LNaCl和 1mol/LH2 SO4溶液中的保护性能和失效机制 .结果表明 :TiN涂层可以提高材料在中性和酸性溶液中的耐蚀性能 ,TiN涂层的保护机制为物理屏障作用 ;镀层的微观结构缺陷是涂层失效的主要原因 ,涂层下金属的腐蚀行为与孔蚀类似     

单相和双相不锈钢纳米涂层的电化学腐蚀行为

用磁控溅射技术在玻璃基体上制备由两种相组成(单相和双相)的不锈钢纳米涂层,利用动电位极化､交流阻抗技术及扫描电子显微镜研究两种不锈钢纳米涂层在0.25 mol/L Na2SO4 + 0.05 mol/L H2SO4 和 0.5 mol/L NaCl + 0.05 mol/L H2SO4溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为,观察相组成对纳米不锈钢涂层耐蚀性能的影响｡结果表明,与不锈钢单相涂层相比,不锈钢双相纳米涂层具有较差的抗局部腐蚀能力,其钝化膜的载流子密度远远大于不锈钢单相钝化膜的载流子密度,使得钝化膜的离子传输能力大大增强,从而降低了钝化膜的稳定性｡     

表面纳米化对金属材料电化学腐蚀行为的影响

根据已有的研究结果，总结了表面纳米化对材料电化学腐蚀行为的影响，发现表面纳米化增加了材料表面活性，使活性金属材料溶解速度提高，使钝性金属材料表面更易形成钝化膜；纳米化过程不仅仅促使晶粒细化，往往还引起材料表面其他物理和力学性能的改变，因此，在研究纳米材料腐蚀行为时，应全方位考虑。     

Fe-20Cr溅射纳米涂层的腐蚀电化学性能研究

利用电化学方法与表面分析技术，考察了平面磁控溅射Fe—20Cr纳米涂层的腐蚀电化学性能及耐蚀机制．研究表明，尽管溅射纳米涂层钝化膜的溶解速度高于铸态合金，但其钝化趋势较强，即使在含有0．5mo1／L NaCl的H2SO4溶液中仍能自钝化，而此时铸态合金的钝化趋势非常微弱；纳米涂层的耐点蚀能力也远优于铸态合金；晶粒细化以及铬元素分布均匀性是决定溅射纳米涂层耐点蚀能力的关键因素．     

TiN涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究Ⅱ.添加Al对TiN涂层保护性能与失效机制的影响

利用电化学方法以及扫描电镜 (SEM)、扫描隧道显微镜 (STM )技术等 ,研究了添加Al对离子镀TiN薄膜涂层在 0 5mol/LNaCl和 1mol/LH2 SO4溶液中的保护性能和失效机制的影响 ,发现铝的添加使TiN涂层在中性和酸性溶液中的耐蚀性能明显改善 .Al元素对TiN涂层具有自修复作用     

TiN涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究——Ⅱ．添加A1对TiN涂层保护性能与失效机制的影响

利用电化学方法以及扫描电镜(SEM)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)技术等，研究了添加A1对离子镀TiN薄膜涂层在0．5mol/L NaCl和1mol/L H2SO4溶液中的保护性能和失效机制的影响，发现铝的添加使TiN涂层在中性和酸性溶液中的耐蚀性能明显改善．A1元素对TiN涂层具有自修复作用．     

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of arc sprayed Zn-Al coatings

Cored wires and high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) technique were applied to produce high Al content Zn-Al alloy coatings on low carbon steel substrates. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of Zn, Al and Zn-Al coatings were studied with potentiodynamic measurement in 5 % NaCl solution. Compared with pure Zn, pure Al and Zn-15Al coatings, Zn-26Al coatings show a higher corrosion resistance in salt solution. The potentiodynamic polarization tests show that the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al coatings increases as Al content is raised. Pure Al coating exhibits different electrochemical behaviors with other coatings. The corrosion initiated at the micro-pores of the coating and the underlying corrosion mechanism is very similar to that of the pitting corrosion.     

A study on preparation and corrosion behavior of nano rare earth oxide-modified chromized coatings

The corrosion resistance of carbon steel in a harsh environment was improved by preparing a chromized coating on the surface through the method of pack cementation. Nano rare earth-oxides (NREOs), Y₂O₃, CeO₂, and La₂O₃ were added to the pack and to further enhance the performance of the chromized coatings. Morphological results showed that NREO refined the microstructure of chromized coatings by retarding the growth of grains. The Mott–Schottky plots demonstrated that coating Cr–La₂O₃ displayed fewer defects than the other two composite coatings, which was beneficial to reduce the corrosion tendency. In addition, the potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy analysis showed that the order of the corrosion rates of the achieved coatings was pure Cr > Cr–Y₂O₃ > Cr–CeO₂ > Cr–La₂O₃, which revealed that the corrosion resistance increased accordingly.     

The corrosion behavior of TiN coated and uncoated incoloy 800 alloy

Incoloy alloy 800 is used in a variety of applications in industry as well as in domestic appliances for sheeting on electric heating elements. The composition of the alloy enables it to resist deterioration in many corrosive environments. However, resistance of the alloy to corrosion in aqueous media needs to be further examined. The present study examines the corrosion properties of Incoloy 800 alloy of both coated and uncoated workpieces obtained in a 0.1N H₂SO₄ + 0.05N NaCl solution. TiN coating is achieved using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique while corrosion tests are carried out using electrochemical polarization methods. Moreover, in order to examine the influence of hydrogen diffusion, reduction of hydrogen at the Incoloy 800 surface is carried out in a solution of 0.1N HNO₃ + 1 g/L thiourea. Tensile tests are conducted on the workpieces to determine the influence of hydrogen embrittlement on the resulting mechanical properties of the substrate. To examine the pit formation and stress induced microcracking, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis is carried out. The results show that the corrosion resistance of the alloy improves after TiN coating. In addition, no specific pattern or differentiation on the pit geometry is observed. The pitting rate and its size reduce considerably for TiN coated workpieces.     

The electrochemical corrosion behavior of TiN and (Ti,Al)N coatings in acid and salt solution

In this study, the corrosion properties of TiN and (Ti,Al)N coatings fabricated by Hollow Cathode Ionic Plating (HCIP) were studied by electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement and potentiodynamic measurement in acid and salt solution. It was found that both coatings showed an excellent corrosion resistance in acid and salt solutions at the beginning of long-term immersing test. The corrosion resistance of TiN coating deteriorated rapidly after nearly 100 h immersion in both acid and salt solutions. In the contrast, the corrosion rate of (Ti,Al)N coating decreased a little and then kept at a stable value. For the TiN coating, the corrosion initiated from pinholes and the underlying corrosion was very similar to pitting corrosion. With the addition of aluminum to the TiN coating, the corrosion resistance was improved, especially in salt solution. The test results demonstrated that the (Ti,Al)N coating seemed to posses certain self-repairing function. The corrosion mechanism took the form of denudation corrosion, owing to deterioration of the adhesion of the coating.     

Electrochemical behavior of TiN film coated Ti−Nb alloys for dental materials

In order to study the electrochemical behaviors of TiN film coated Ti−Nb alloys for dental materials, Ti containing Nb up to 3, 20, and 40 wt.% was melted by a vacuum furnace and coated with TiN by EB-PVD. the electrochemical behaviors were investigated using a potentiostat in 0.9% NaCl solution and the corrosion surface was observed using SEM and XPS. Ti−3Nb and Ti−20Nb alloys have α+β phase structure. In the case of Ti−40Nb, the microstructure had a coarse β phase. The microstructural changed from equiaxed to acicular and an increase of β-phase in Ti−Nb alloys was observed with increased Nb content. The current density at 300 mV (potential of oral environment) of Ti−40Nb alloy was lower than that of the other alloys in 0.9% NaCl. The pitting corrosion resistance of Ti−40Nb was higher than that of Ti−3Nb and Ti−20Nb alloys in the 0.9% NaCl solution. The corrosion potential and pitting potential of TiN coated Ti alloy increased with increasing Nb content but the current density at 300 mV and the current density at the passive region decreased. The TiN coated Ti−40Nb alloy offers good corrosion resistance for dental implants compared with non-TiN coats alloys.     

Cavitation and electrochemical characteristics of thermal spray coating with sealing material

Steel applied in ocean environment is exposed to corrosion and cavitation and is subject to increasing damages. To prevent this, anti-corrosion thermal spray coating technique is widely used. The low-temperature thermal spray coating was performed with 85%Al–14.5%Zn–0.5%Zr for ship materials and various sealing materials were applied to improve its durability, and the electrochemical behavior and cavitation characteristics were observed. The results show that the sealing improves all the properties of the materials. Hybrid ceramic and fluoro-silicon sealing materials show good electrochemical characteristics, and the fluoro-silicon sealing material shows the best anti-cavitation characteristics.     

Electrochemical noise monitoring of the atmospheric corrosion of steels: identifying corrosion form using wavelet analysis

The early stage atmospheric corrosion of T91 and Q235B steels exposed to Tianjin’s urban atmosphere over 20 days was studied using two electrochemical probes via an electrochemical noise (EN) technique. To identify the corrosion process and the corrosion form of the two steels, EN data were analysed by statistics and wavelet transform. The results revealed that the wavelet energy of decomposed EN mainly located at high-frequency level for Q235B steel, whereas it mainly located at the low-frequency level for T91 steel. Analyses of surface images confirmed that Q235B steel underwent uniform corrosion whereas T91 steel suffered from localised corrosion. The obtained noise resistance correlated well with weight loss data.     

Electrochemical monitoring of high-temperature molten-salt corrosion

Hot molten-salt corrosion can cause serious metal degradation in boiler plant, incinerators, and furnaces. In this research, electrochemical-impedance and electrochemical-noise techniques have been evaluated for the monitoring of hot-corrosion processes in such plants. Tests have been carried out on Ni-1 % Co and Alloy 800, a commercial material of interest to operators of industrial plants, utilizing a bulk molten-salt environment and also a simulated combustion test, where thin films of molten salt were established on the alloy surfaces. Electrochemical-impedance and electrochemical-noise data were compared with the results of metallographic examination of the test alloys and showed reasonable correlation between the electrochemical data and the actual degradation processes. Current-noise analysis gives valuable information on the initiation stages of hot corrosion, while impedance measurements can detect propagation or rapid corrosion of the base metal. This preliminary work indicated that the electrochemical techniques show considerable promise as instruments for the monitoring of high-temperature corrosion processes.