Si对NbCr_2/Cr合金组织及性能的影响

采用机械合金化+热压烧结工艺制备了NbCr_2/Cr-xSi(x为摩尔分数)合金,探讨了Si对NbCr_2/Cr合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,合金由Cr固溶体和Laves相NbCr_2组成,当Si含量达到5.0%后,出现了Nb_3Si相。随着Si含量增加,合金的相对密度和断裂韧度逐渐降低,而维氏硬度逐渐增大。另外,随着Si含量增加,合金的室温抗压强度先增大后减小,而屈服强度和塑性应变逐渐降低,合金的断裂机制由准解理断裂转变为解理断裂。     

Fe、Mn、Ce对压铸Al-Mg和Al-Mg-Si合金组织和性能的影响

研究了几种主要合金化元素Fe、Mn、Zn以及稀土元素Ce在Al Mg4.5和Al Mg4.5Si2.6压铸合金中的存在形式,比较了显微组织中第二相种类和形貌对合金力学性能的影响。结果表明Al Mg4.5Si2.6压铸合金中主要存在α-Al相、多边形状Al8(Fe,Mn)_2Si相、层片状Al-Mg_2Si共晶相和短棒状Al(Si)Ce相,Al Mg4.5压铸合金中主要存在α-Al相、少量Al-Al3Mg2共晶相、长条状Al_6(Fe,Mn)相以及不规则的小块状Al_4Ce相,微量Zn主要固溶于合金基体中。在两种合金金相组织中都有剪切带的存在,溶质原子在该区域富集,第二相含量更高。相比于Al Mg4.5合金,Al Mg4.5Si2.6合金强度和硬度更高,但是塑性较低。Al Mg4.5Si2.6合金中层片结构的Al-Mg2Si共晶组织在拉伸过程中容易形成解理台阶,表现为明显的脆性断裂。Al Mg4.5压铸合金在拉伸过程中表现为穿晶断裂和沿晶断裂的混合断裂机制,长条状的Al6(Fe,Mn)粒子尖端处很容易造成应力集中,加速了合金的断裂。     

Al4C3和铈复合添加对ZM5镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过复合添加Al4C3和合金化元素Ce来改善ZM5镁合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,Al4C3和Ce的添加使得ZM5合金的组织显著细化,Al4C3和Ce的复合添加产生新相Al4Ce。由DTA分析可知,Al4C3与Ce的添加,使得ZM5合金在较小的过冷度下就能得到细晶组织。拉伸试验测试结果表明,在T6条件下,Al4C3和Ce的添加能显著提高ZM5合金的抗拉强度,延伸率虽有提高,但其绝对值偏低。Al4C3和Ce的添加使得ZM5合金的断裂机制从解理断裂变为准解理断裂。     

ZL102铝合金抛光机扣环断裂分析

应用扫描电镜、金相显微镜等对ZL102合金抛光机扣环的断裂进行了断口观察和显微组织分析.结果表明,扣环试样显微组织是由α-Al相、粗大针状的共晶Si相、块状的初生Si相以及少量的骨架状T1(Al7Fe2Si2)和细针状T2(Al5FeSi)富Fe相组成.合金断口表面有许多位向不同的解理刻面,其中的裂纹以穿晶方式解理断裂且存在舌状花样、解理台阶等脆性断裂特征.过多的脆性富Fe相、铸造疏松、夹杂物等削弱了扣环的晶界结合力,导致合金脆性断裂.     

合金元素对Fe—Cr系减振合金性能的影响

初步研究了Mo、Si、Al、Mn、Cu、V对Fe－Cr基减振合金的强度和减振能力的影响。结果表明：添加Mn、Si元素可以显著提高Fe－Cr减振合金的强度和减振能力;而Cu、V元素降低Fe－Cr合金的强度;经适当热处理后,Fe－Cr－Mn－Si合金的抗拉强度达到540MPa,Q(－1)值达到25×10(-3),该合金是一种很有应用前景的减振金属功能材料。     

Cr和Nb对Fe3Al合金组织结构和力学性能的影响

研究了利用热挤压细化晶粒及Cr和Nb合金化对Fe_3Al合金室温至高温拉伸性能和组织结构的影响。结果表明,晶粒细化可以提高Fe_3Al合金的强度和塑性;Cr具有韧化合金、提高解理强度的作用。400℃以上更明显;Nb的加入析出含Al的Fe_2Nb相,具有沉淀强化的作用,Nb和Cr的同时加入,明显提高550℃时的峰值屈服强度。     

反应机械合金化/退火制备Al2O3/Fe3Si纳米复合粉体

以Fe2O3粉、Si粉和Al粉为原料,采用反应机械合金化/退火法制备出了Al2O3/Fe3Si纳米复合粉体。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对复合粉体球磨以及退火过程中的固态反应过程、表面形貌进行表征。研究表明,Fe2O3-Si-Al混合粉体球磨5 h后发生反应生成Al2 O3、Fe5 Si3、Fe3 Si、FeSi,球磨20 h后生成Al2 O3/Fe3 Si,球磨20 h的粉体在900℃条件下退火1 h的组成物相未发生变化,复合粉体颗粒呈球形,其尺寸为5μm左右,分布均匀,组成相Al2O3和Fe3Si的晶粒尺寸分别为26.6 nm和28.3 nm。     

MA-HP法制备Al_(0.4)FeCrNiCo_(1.5)Ti_(0.3)高熵合金组织与性能研究(英文)

采用机械合金化-真空热压烧结(MA-HP)法制备了Al0.4FeCrNi Co1.5Ti0.3高熵合金。利用XRD、SEM和力学压缩试验机分析Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3合金的微观组织、相转变以及力学性能。结果表明:经高能球磨10 h,合金中形成了简单固溶体fcc和bcc相,而经过热压烧结的Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金以单一fcc相及2种bcc相(bcc1、bcc2)组成。热压烧结Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金致密度达99.48%,其微观硬度(HV),屈服强度、断裂强度、压缩率分别达到725 MPa,2.13 GPa,2.54 GPa,20.1%,合金优异的力学性能主要是因为合金的固溶强化;断裂模式为解理断裂及塑性断裂的混合机制。     

Microstructure and Properties of Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3 High Entropy Alloy Prepared by MA-HP Technique

采用机械合金化-真空热压烧结(MA-HP)法制备了Al0.4FeCrNi Co1.5Ti0.3高熵合金。利用XRD、SEM和力学压缩试验机分析Al0.4FeCrNiCo1.5Ti0.3合金的微观组织、相转变以及力学性能。结果表明:经高能球磨10 h,合金中形成了简单固溶体fcc和bcc相,而经过热压烧结的Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金以单一fcc相及2种bcc相(bcc1、bcc2)组成。热压烧结Al0.4Fe Cr Ni Co1.5Ti0.3合金致密度达99.48%,其微观硬度(HV),屈服强度、断裂强度、压缩率分别达到725 MPa,2.13 GPa,2.54 GPa,20.1%,合金优异的力学性能主要是因为合金的固溶强化;断裂模式为解理断裂及塑性断裂的混合机制。     

新型铁素体耐热合金高温抗氧化性能的研究

采用D/MAX-2500型X射线衍射仪、OLYMPUS-BHM型金相显微镜、PHLIPS-XL30/TMP型扫描电子显微镜等试验设备,以Cr、Al和Si元素作为耐热钢的主要合金元素,与此同时添加适量的稀土元素,试制了一种具有较好高温抗氧化性能且更为经济的新型铁素体耐热合金35Cr18Al3Si2RE。研究结果表明,大量的铁素体稳定元素Cr、Al、Si的加入,使新合金形成单相铁素体组织;新合金35Cr18Al3Si2RE高温氧化膜主要由Cr2O3、Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2等氧化物组成,氧化膜排布十分致密且分布十分均匀;新合金35Cr18Al3Si2RE的氧化增重速率与目前常用的ZG35Cr24Ni7SiN相比有明显降低,表现出了较好的高温抗氧化性能。     

Fe-Al系金属间化合物中的微观缺陷和电子密度

对二元Fe-Al合金，含Cr和Si的Fe3Al合金的正电子寿命谱测量表明：随着二元Fe-Al合金中Al含量的增加，空位浓度增加，微孔洞的开空间增大。在Al含量高于40％原子分数）的B2－FeAl合金中存在着较高的空位浓度和开空间相当于Fe中的10－15个空位聚集体的微空洞。在B2－FeAl和D03－Fe3Al合金中，晶格中最邻近的Fe-Al原子对之间发生Fe-d-Alp杂化使用。Al的3p电子与Fe的3d电子被局域化并形成共价键。导致合金中的自由电子密度降低。二元Fe-Al合金中的平均电子密度随着Al含量的增加而下降。用Cr元素对Fe3Al进行合金化。合金基体和晶界处的自由电子密度均增加；而加入Si元素，合金基体和晶界处的自由电子密度均减小。讨论了Fe-Al合金的微结构对其力学性能的影响。     

Microstructural evolution of direct chill cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy during solution treatment

Heat treatment has important influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys. The most common used heat treatment method for these alloys is solution treatment followed by age-hardening. This paper investigates the microstructural evolution of a direct chill (DC) cast Al-15.5Si-4Cu-1Mg-1Ni-0.5Cr alloy after solution treated at 500, 510, 520 and 530℃, respectively for different times. The major phases observed in the as-cast alloy are α-aluminum dendrite, primary Si particle, eutectic Si, Al7Cu4Ni, Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, Al15(Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu)4Si2 and Al2Cu. The Al2Cu phase dissolves completely after being solution treated for 2 h at 500℃, while the eutectic Si, Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Al15(Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu)4Si2 phases are insoluble. In addition, the Al7Cu4Ni phase is substituted by the Al3CuNi phase. The α-aluminum dendrite network disappears when the solution temperature is increased to 530℃. Incipient melting of the Al2Cu-rich eutectic mixture occurrs at 520℃, and melting of the Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Al3CuNi phases is observed at a solution temperature of 530℃. The void formation of the structure and deterioration of the mechanical properties are found in samples solution treated at 530℃.     

钛的电阻钎焊技术研究

研究了Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ和Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ金属间化合物合金的热轧组织与性能,结果发现：随着变形量的增加,两种合金第二相Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３变得细小且趋向于均匀分布。变形量越大,合金的室温四点弯曲程度越大,含Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３较多的Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金的弯曲强度较高。两种合金的室温弯曲断口形貌均为准解理形式,两相界面结合较强。高温拉伸试验表明：随变形量的增大,Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的拉伸强度和塑性都增加。Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－５Ｓｉ合金由于变形量较大和较高的强化相体积含量,拉伸强度明显较Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ－２Ｓｉ合金的为高,但塑性却大为降低     

Al-Ti-B和Al-5%Sr中间合金对轮毂铝合金的晶粒细化和变质作用

采用不同处理状态的Al Ti B中间合金和Al 5 %Sr中间合金 ,对轮毂铝合金Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg进行晶粒细化和变质处理。在Instron 85 0 2 - 3411型液压伺服疲劳试验机上测试被处理合金的抗拉强度和伸长率。结果表明 :Al Ti B中间合金可有效地细化Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金 ,加入 0 0 6 %Ti即可使合金获得良好的细化效果 ;Al 5 %Sr中间合金可有效地对Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金进行变质 ,加入 0 0 2 %Sr即可使合金获得良好的变质效果 ;快速凝固和热变形处理可有效地改善Al Ti B的晶粒细化效果和Al 5 %Sr的变质效果 ,在获得相同的晶粒细化和变质程度的情况下 ,使Al Ti B和Al 5 %Sr中间合金的加入量减少约 5 0 % ,并使Al 7%Si 0 35 %Mg合金的力学性能有所提高     

Effect of Fe additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of a multi-component Nb–16Si–22Ti–2Hf–2Al–2Cr alloy at room and high temperatures

The phase constitutions, microstructural evolutions, and mechanical properties of Nb–16Si–22Ti–2Hf–2Al–2Cr–xFe alloys (where x = 1, 2, 4, 6 at.%, hereafter referred to as 1Fe, 2Fe, 4Fe and 6Fe alloys, respectively) prepared by arc-melting were investigated. It was observed that the nominal Fe content affected the solidification path of the multi-component alloy. The as-cast 1Fe alloy primarily consisted of a dendritic-like Nb_SS phase and (α+γ)-Nb₅Si₃ silicide, and the as-cast 2Fe and 4Fe alloys primarily consisted of an Nb_SS phase, (α+γ)-Nb₅Si₃ silicide and (Fe + Ti)-rich region. In addition to the Nb_SS phase, a multi-component Nb₄FeSi silicide was present in the as-cast 6Fe alloy. When heat-treated at 1350 °C for 100 h, the 1Fe and 6Fe alloys almost exhibited the same microstructures as the corresponding as-cast samples; for the 2Fe and 4Fe alloys, the (Fe + Ti)-rich region decomposed, and Nb₄FeSi silicide formed. The fracture toughness of the as-cast and heat-treated Nb–16Si–22Ti–2Hf–2Al–2Cr–xFe samples monolithically decreased with the nominal Fe contents. It is interesting that at room temperature, the strength of the heat-treated samples was improved by the Fe additions, whereas at 1250 °C and above, the strength decreased, suggesting the weakening role of the Nb₄FeSi silicide on the high-temperature strength. As the nominal Fe content increased from 1 at.% to 6 at.%, for example, the 0.2% yield strength increased from 1675 MPa to 1820 MPa at room temperature; also, the strength decreased from 183 MPa to 78 MPa at 1350 °C.     

Effects of Solution Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-16.9Si-4.5Cu-0.15Mg Alloy

In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloy under different solution conditions were investigated by optical metallographic and mechanical property test. The results show that the cast alloys were composed of α-Al, primary Si, eutectic Si, Al2Cu and Al7Cu2Fe phases. Three changes took place during solution treatment: Firstly, with the increase of solution temperature and the solution holding time extension, more and more Al2Cu phase was dissolved into the matrix; Secondly, with the increase of solution temperature and the solution holding time extension, morphology of eutectic Si, Al7Cu2Fe and other insoluble phases changed into more round; Thirdly, at the fixed solution temperature, if the solution time extended too long, it would cause grains, eutectic Si and other insoluble phases aggregated and coarsened. About mechanical properties, when the solution time was fixed, the hardness, tensile strength and the yield strength of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy treated by T6 enhanced while the solution temperature increasing, and when the solution temperature was fixed, the ultimate tensile strength and the elongation of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy treated by T6 increased at first and then decreased while the solution time increasing, but the hardness of the alloys affected less by the solution time.     

Influence of Si content and heat treatment on microstructure of Al-Fe-Si alloys

The effect of Si addition and heat treatment on the Al-5wt.%Fe al oy has been investigated by OM, SEM-EDS and XRD. The results show that the Si plays a significant role in refining the primary Al3Fe phase. It was found that the addition of 3.0wt.% Si made the al oy present the finest and wel -distributed primary Al3Fe phase, but the Al3Fe phase almost disappeared when 5wt.% Si was added. With further increase in the Si content, some Fe-rich phases appeared in the inter-grains and coarsened. In addition, the heat treatments exert a significant impact on the microstructural evolution of the Al-5wt.%Fe-5wt.%Si al oy. After heat treatment for 28 hours at 590 oC, the coarse platelet or blocky Fe-rich phase in Al-5wt.%Fe-5wt.%Si al oys was granulated; the phase transformation from metastable platelet Al3FeSi and blocky Al8Fe2Si to stable Al5FeSi had occurred. With the extension of heat treatment, the Si phase coarsened gradual y.     

Microstructural characterization of in situ TiC/Al and TiC/Al–20Si–5Fe–3Cu–1Mg composites prepared by spray deposition

An innovative spray-deposition technique has been applied to produce in situ TiC/Al and TiC/Al–20Si–5Fe–3Cu–1Mg composites. This technique provides a new route to solve the problems of losses and agglomeration of the reinforcement particles when they are injected into the spray cone of molten droplets during spray forming process. Experimental results have shown that the presence of needle-like Al₃Ti and Al–Si–Fe compounds, which are detrimental not only to the fracture toughness, but also to the stability of the microstructure, can be eliminated completely from the final product by using a proper Ti:C molar ratio of 1:1.3 in the Ti–C–Al preforms and adding 5 wt% TiC particles to Al–20Si–5Fe–3Cu–1Mg alloy. Moreover, another major problem of coarsening of silicon particles usually encountered in the hypereutectic Al–Si alloys has also been solved by the technique. The silicon particles in the spray-deposited 5 wt% TiC/Al–20Si–5Fe–3Cu–1Mg composite were much refined (∼2 μm) compared to those (∼5 μm) obtained in the matrix alloy without TiC addition. The formation and elimination mechanisms of Al₃Ti phase in TiC/Al composites can be explained based on thermodynamic theory. The modification of the microstructures in the spray-deposited Al–20Si–5Fe–3Cu–1Mg alloy can be interpreted in the light of the knowledge of atomic diffusion. The experimental results also showed that the ultimate tensile strength of the TiC/Al composites was improved over that of the unreinforced Al matrix.     

Nanoprecipitation of oxide particles and related high strength in oxide-dispersion-strengthened iron–aluminium–chromium intermetallics

A series of oxide-dispersion-hardened Fe–Al–Cr iron aluminides has been prepared by mechanical alloying techniques producing compositions intermediate between binary Fe–Al and commercial Fe–Cr alloys. The very fine oxide particles form by precipitation on the {1 0 0} planes in the B2 ordered matrix, initially as a metastable face-centred cubic Y₂O₃ phase which later transforms to an Al-richer phase with monoclinic Al₂Y₄O₉ structure. The importance of this precipitation sequence in determining particle size and density is discussed. Mechanical properties are examined up to high temperatures, and strength is shown to depend mostly on the contribution of the fine particles, with also contributions from the fine grain size, and from the ordered matrix. The roles of elastic modulus variations, strongly affected by alloy composition, and of matrix strength variations in determining material strength are emphasized. Analysis of the factors determining particle nucleation rate and high-temperature strength leads to the development of predictive rules for improving microstructural refinement and strength.     

典型Fe-Cr-Al及Ni-Cr-(Fe)系电热合金丝的显微组织与织构

选取了两类典型电热合金丝材成品进行了检测,对比分析了合金丝的显微组织及织构,包括Fe-Cr-Al系的国产0Cr25Al5合金与进口0Cr22Al5合金和Ni-Cr-(Fe)系的国产Cr20Ni80合金与Cr20Ni30合金。结果表明:进口Fe-Cr-Al合金的平均晶粒尺寸相对较大,晶粒尺寸分布较为均匀,而织构较弱;国产0Cr25Al5合金的平均晶粒尺寸均匀程度较差,而较粗的样品平均晶粒尺寸较大且织构稍弱,接近于进口Fe-Cr-Al合金,表明较粗的丝材制备形变量较小。Ni-Cr-(Fe)系的合金均表现为不均匀的晶粒组织,而Cr20Ni80合金相较于Cr20Ni30合金的大尺寸晶粒更多;减小合金丝材的直径有细化组织作用,同时还能增强两种Ni-Cr合金丝中均存在的<111>丝织构。