硫酸镍催化合成紫罗兰酮

用硫酸镍催化假性紫罗兰酮的环化反应，得到了较高产率的紫罗兰酮。探索了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂用量和溶剂的种类等因素对该环化反应的影响。最佳合成条件如下：5．6mL（79．6％）假性紫罗兰酮，催化剂用量为假性紫罗兰酮的3％（摩尔百分率），甲苯（溶剂）用量为8mL，环化反应温度为40～50℃，反应时间为2．5h，在此合成条件下所得紫罗兰酮的产率为67．4％。选择极性较大的物质（如三氯甲烷）作溶剂有利于该环化反应的进行。     

聚醚酮酮的合成及性能研究

在温和条件下，以１，２－二氯乙烷为溶剂，无水三氯化铝为催化剂，二苯醚和对苯二甲醚为原料合成了高分子量的聚醚酮酮（ＰＥＫＫ）并找到了用浓盐酸脱除催化剂，乙醇提纯聚合物的有效途径，测试了ＰＥＫＫ的主要物理和化学性能，其中ＰＥＫＫ的特性粘度可达０．８－１．０，达到工程材料的要求。     

3-甲基丁酮生产与发展分析

据文献报道，3-甲基丁酮(MIPK)的合成工艺很多，按原料不同，主要分为以下几种：酯转化法以乙酸乙酯和异丁醛为原料，混合投料。以乙酸乙酯13．2kg／h、异丁醛10．8kg／h、水5．4kg／h、氮气2．4C／h的速度通入由氯化氧锆和硝酸镁制得的催化剂，反应温度430℃，原料转化率96％～98％，MIPK选择性75％，并副产10％左右的丙酮和二异丙基甲酮。     

含氯侧基聚芳醚酮醚酮酮的合成与表征

以α-萘酚为原料，通过和4，4′-二氟二苯酮在N，N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）及K2CO3中的缩合反应制备了一种含萘环的新型芳醚单体4，4′-二（α-萘氧基）二苯酮（DNBP），将其分别与2，5-二氯对苯二甲酰氯（DCTPC）。对苯二甲酰氯（TPC）等芳二酰氯通过在NMP/AlCl3/ClCH2CH2Cl复合溶剂/催化剂体系中的低温溶液进行亲电共缩聚反应，合成了一系列在分子主链芳环上引入侧基氯原子的同时，又在主链中引入刚性萘环结构的新型聚芳醚酮醚酮酮无规共聚物。     

SO42-/TiO2-MoO3催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的研究

报道了以固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-MoO3为催化剂，通过丁酮和l，2-丙二醇反应合成了丁酮l，2-丙二醇缩酮，探讨了SO4^2-／TiO2-MoO3对缩酮反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比，催化剂用量，反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：SO4^2-／TiO2-MoO3是合成丁酮l，2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂，在n(酮)：n(醇)=l：1．5，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量分数的0．5％，环己烷为帚水剂．反应时间1．0h的优化条件下．丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达94．9％．     

硅钨酸催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

探讨硅钨酸对丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮合成反应的催化活性,研究了酮醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：硅钨酸是合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的优良催化剂,在n(丁酮)：n(1,2-丙二醇)=1：1．5,催化剂用量为反应物总量的1．5％,环已烷作带水剂,反应时间为1．5h的优化条件下,丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达75．2％。     

碘掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮

报道了单质碘掺杂聚苯胺催化剂I2／PAn的制备，采用正交试验探讨了合成丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮的影响因素。实验结果表明，对丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮的收率影响最大的是催化剂用量，其次是反应时间和原料摩尔比。碘掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮的适宜的反应条件是n（丁酮）：n（1，2-丙二醇）=1：1、5，w（催化剂）=0．4％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间75min。在上述条件下，丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达80.8％。     

乙烯酮氯化法合成氯乙酰氯

研究了乙烯酮氯化法合成氯乙酰氯。考察了溶剂、溶剂比、氯气配比、反应温度及反应器型式等对乙烯酮氯化的影响。得出溶剂及溶剂比对乙烯酮氯化有重要影响。以空塔或填料塔作反应器，在反应温度10℃～30℃，反应物配比乙烯酮：氯气=1：1．02～1．05，氯乙酰氯：溶剂磷酸酯≤1．0的条件下，基本无二氯乙酰氯产生，氯乙酰氯收率94％～96％，纯度可达91．5％。     

催化氨氧化法制备丁酮肟研究

对催化氨氧化法进行了小试实验并优化了工艺参数：以叔丁醇与水的混和液作溶剂，以TS-1作催化剂，双氧水采用滴加方式，酮、氨、双氧水的物质的量配比为1：1．3：I．2时，酮的转化率约为80％，丁酮肟选择性大于98％。     

十三醇聚氧乙烯（5）醚琥珀酸单酯磺酸钠的合成与性能探讨

在复合催化剂作用下，用正交实验法考查了新型表面活性剂十三醇聚氧乙烯（5）醚琥珀酸单酯磺酸钠的合成工艺条件，反应的最佳条件为：醚酐投料物质的量比为1：1．5，酯化温度80度，酯化时间5h，催化剂用量1％，磺化温度70度，磺化时间2h，整个反应在氮化保护下进行，并对该产品的各项应用性能进行了测定和研究。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。