高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸,油酸制取工艺研究

为满足日益增长的高科技市场对高纯度棕榈酸,油酸的迫切需求,充分利用中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点,研究并提出“无催化剂分批压热釜水解,溶剂结晶－精馏,柱层析”法,原料乌桕脂水解率９７．３６％,高纯度棕榈酸纯度９８．７７％,收率９０％,高纯度油酸纯度９８．０３％,收率９２％。高纯度水解甘油纯度９８％,收率８９％．     

高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸,油酸制取工艺研究

为充分利用中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点，研究并提出“无催化剂分批压热釜水解，溶剂结晶－精馏，柱层析”法，制得符合日益增长的高科技市场迫切需求的高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸，油酸。     

高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酰胺,油酰胺制取工艺研究

为充分利用中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点,研究并提出“两段醇解－膜式精馏－甲酯氨解”法,制得高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸甲酯及酰胺,油酸甲酯及酰胺。     

高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酰胺制取工艺研究

根据中国乌桕脂的资源优势和化学组成特点,研究并提出了“两段醇解-膜式精馏-甲酯氨解”法,以制取需求日益增长的高科技产品——高纯度乌桕脂棕榈酸甲酯及酰胺,油酸甲酯及酰胺.     

苯甲酰乙酸乙酯的合成

苯甲酰氯与乙酰乙酸乙酯催化水解合成苯甲惭酸乙酯。收率６０％，产品纯度９８％以上。     

高纯度乌柏脂棕榈酰胺制取工艺研究

根据中国乌柏脂的资源优势和化学组成特点，研究产提出了“两段醇解－膜式精馏－甲醒氨解”法，以制取需求日益增长的高科技产品－－高纯度乌柏脂棕榈酸主酰胺，油酸甲酯及酰胺。     

反应-水解法从粗蒽中提取高纯度咔唑

研究反应－水解法制提取纯度卟唑的工艺条件。利用单因素实验法，考察了水分、溶剂比、卟唑与KOH配比对产品的纯度和收率的影响。经实验确定的最佳工艺条件为：溶剂比57－70，卟唑与KOH摩尔比为1：7，得到的卟唑纯度为97％，收率为80．4％。采用反应－水解法制取高纯度卟唑，可实现KOH循环利用，不仅降低了生产成本，而且不产生环境污染，本工艺具有较高的工业化价值。     

油溶型包桕脂烷醇酰胺一步合成研究

以中国乌桕脂为原料,用正交实验法在下对投料比、温度、催化剂用量和加料方式诸因素进行系统考察,取得由乌桕脂直接合成非水溶性乌桕民脂烷醇酰胺的优化工艺条件,乌桕脂收率达90％,具有可观的开发前景。     

正辛硫醇制备方法的改进

通过改进硫脲盐的水解过程找到了简单、高收率、高纯度制备正辛硫醇的方法。收率>80%,纯度>99%。     

邻硝基苯甲醛合成工艺的改进

以邻硝基甲苯为起始原料,使用金属溴化物进行光卤化置换反应获得高纯度,高得率的二溴化产物;在碱性条件下水解制得目的产物。总收率82.8％,纯度98.8％。     

Enzymatic Synthesis of Infant Formula Fat Analog Enriched with Capric Acid

A structured lipid (SL) with a substantial amount of palmitic acid at the sn‐2 position and enriched with capric acid (C), was produced in two enzymatic interesterification stages by using immobilized lipase, Lipozyme^® TL IM (Novozymes North America Inc., Franklinton, NC, USA). The substrates for the reactions were high melting point palm stearin, high oleic sunflower oil and tricaprin. The SL was characterized for total and positional fatty acid profiles, triacylglycerol (TAG) molecular species, free fatty acid content, melting and crystallization profiles. The final SL contained 20.13 mol% of total palmitic acid, of which nearly 40 % was located at the sn‐2 position. The total capric acid content was 21.22 mol%, mostly at the sn‐1 and sn‐3 positions. The predominant TAGs in the SL were oleic–palmitic–oleic, POP and CLC. The melting completion and crystallization onset temperatures of the SL were 27.7 and 6.1 °C, respectively. The yield for the overall reaction was 90 wt%. This SL might be totally or partially used in commercial fat blends for infant formula.     

在微波辐射下过氧乙酸氧化合成壬二酸

以油酸为原料，50％（质量分数）的过氧化氢为氧化剂，在异丙醇作为助催化剂的条件下，采用钨酸作为催化剂合成中问产物9，10-二羟基硬脂酸，当除去溶剂后，加入自制的过氧乙酸，在微波下反应60min后，采用热水萃取，收率可以达到70、5％，纯度可以达到97．76％。当反应时间达到120min时，收率可以达到74．6％。     

稻草酸水解制备乙酰丙酸的研究

以稻草为原料,高压酸水解法制备乙酰丙酸,采用气相色谱法测定水解液中乙酰丙酸的含量,考察了反应温度、反应时间、固液比和硫酸质量分数对乙酰丙酸得率的影响,通过单因素试验确定了最佳水解条件。结果表明,在高压 1.6 MPa 条件下,反应温度 170℃,反应时间 60 min,固液比1:10,硫酸的质量分数为 5% 时,所制得乙酰丙酸得率为 24.35%,此条件下水解残渣中纤维素和多戊糖均已完全反应。     

Influence of Temperature on the Fatty Acid Composition of the Oil From Sunflower Genotypes Grown in Tropical Regions

The influence of temperature on the fatty acid composition of the oils from conventional and high oleic sunflower genotypes grown in tropical regions was evaluated under various environmental conditions in Brazil (from 0° S to 23° S). The amounts of the oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic fatty acids from the sunflower oil were determined using gas chromatography (GC). The environment exhibited little influence on the amounts of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in high oleic genotypes of sunflower. In conventional genotypes, there was broad variation in the average amounts of these two fatty acids, mainly as a function of the minimum temperature. Depending on the temperature, especially during the maturation of the seeds, the amount of oleic acid in the oil of conventional sunflower genotypes could exceed 70 %. Higher temperatures led to average increases of up to 35 % for this fatty acid. Although the minimum temperature had the strongest effect on the fatty acid composition, locations at the same latitude with different minimum temperatures displayed similar values for both oleic acid and linoleic acid. Furthermore, minimum temperature had little influence on the amounts of palmitic and stearic fatty acids in the oil.     

3,3-二甲基-2-氧代丁酸合成工艺开发研究

对以二氯片呐酮为起始原料 ,经水解、氧化制备 3,3-二甲基 - 2 -氧代丁酸的合成工艺及影响收率的主要因素 ,即氯片呐酮加料方式、高锰酸钾的用量等进行了试验研究 ,使两步反应收率均达到 90 %以上。此合成工艺产品收率高、纯度高 ,操作方便 ,易于实现工业化生产。     

Triglyceride composition ofmadhuca butyraceae seed fat

Fatty acid and triglyceride compositions of phulwara butter (Madhuca butyraceae seed fat) have been determined by combination of the techniques of systematic crystallization at low temperatures, pancreatic lipase hydrolysis, and gas liquid chromatography of methyl esters. The percentages of individual fatty acids were found to be palmitic, 55.6; stearic, 5.2; oleic, 35.9; and linoleic, 3.3. The special characteristic of the phulwara butter is its content of POP, 52.5%; PLP, 4.9%; POSt, 8.6%; POO, 14.4% and PPP, 7.7% (P, palmitic; St. stearic; O, oleic; and L, linoleic). 2-Monoglycerides obtained by lipolysis of this fat and its least soluble fraction contained 13,0% and 29.3% saturated acids, respectively. Phulwara butter may be a potential source of palmitic acid for the pharmaceutical industry.     

Comparison of Fatty Acid Profile of Specialty Maize to Normal Maize

Increasing utilization of specialty maize prompted us to evaluate its fatty acid profile. For this purpose maize germplasm, classified as low oil normal maize (group 1), high oil normal maize (group 2), quality protein maize (QPM) (group 3) and sweet corn (group 4) was evaluated for oil, starch, protein and fatty acid composition mainly palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid. High oil content was observed in sweet corn samples which might be result of shriveled grain texture because of an increased embryo to kernel ratio. Individual fatty acids showed wide differences among different groups. A slightly higher amount of palmitic acid was reported in specialty maize as compared to normal maize. In contrast, stearic acid content was significantly low in high oil normal maize (56 %), QPM (36.2 %) and sweet corn (28.4 %) in comparison to low oil normal maize. Although no significant differences were observed for oleic acid between low oil normal and high oil normal maize, but sweet corn samples showed significantly reduced oleic acid compared to low oil normal maize. However, the most important observation was the higher content of linoleic acid in specialty maize (groups 2, 3 and 4) as compared to low oil normal maize. Further, the ratio of MUFA/PUFA was also discussed. It was concluded that specialty maize possesses a better oil quality in comparison to low oil normal maize.     

Variation in Fatty Acid Composition of Mowrah Fat

The determination of the fatty acid composition of mowrah fat obtained from kernels of West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Madhya Pradesh shows that mowrah fat contains 37 to 51 % saturated acids and 49 to 63 unsaturated acids. Considerable variation is observed in the content of the four major fatty acids viz. palmitic from 15 to 32 %, stearic between 15.9 to 17.0 % and 20 to 26 %, oleic from 32.4 to 35.9 % and as high as 45 %, and linoleic from 13.9 to 17.7 %.     

三甲基硅酯化／GC/MS法分析荞麦籽中的脂肪酸

以无水乙醚为溶剂,采用索氏抽提法提取养麦耔中的粗脂肪,先分别采用三甲基硅酯化法和氢氧化钾/甲醇碱催化甲酯化法对粗脂肪进行衍生化处理,再通过气相色谱/质谱联用技术分析脂肪酸的组成.结果表明,通过三甲基硅酯化法处理,粗脂肪提取率达4.96％,共鉴定出18种脂肪酸成分,主要为亚油酸(34.69％)、油酸(31.08％)、棕櫊...     

Synthesis of the structured lipid 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol from palm oil

Human milk fat contains 20–25% palmitic acid (16∶0) and 30–35% oleic acid (18∶1). More than 60% of the plamitic acid occurs at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Palm oil is a rich source of both palmitic and oleic acids. The structured lipid 1,3-dioleyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO) is an important ingredient in infant formula. OPO was synthesized from palm oil by a three-step method. In the first step, low-temperature fractionation was applied to palm oil FA, yielding a palmitic acid-rich fraction (87.8%) and an oleic acid-rich fraction (96%). The palmitic acid content was further increased to 98.3% by transforming palmitic acid into ethyl palmitate. In the second step, esterification of ethyl palmitate and glycerol catalyzed by lipase Novozym 435 under vacuum (40 mm Hg) was employed for the synthesis of tripalmitin. Finally, OPO was obtained by the reaction of tripalmitin. Finally, OPO was obtained by the reaction of tripalmitin with oleic acid catalyzed by Lipase IM 60. In this final step, the TAG content in the product acylglycerol mixture was 97%, and 66.1% oleic acid was incorporated into TAG. Analysis of the FA composition at the sn-2 position of TAG showed 90.7 mol% of palmitic acid and 9.3 mol% of oleic acid. OPO content in the product TAG was ca. 74 mol%. Thus, an efficient method was developed for the synthesis of OPO from palm oil.