含有1,3-β葡聚糖和植物提取复配物的保湿研究

研究测试1,3-β葡聚糖和植物提取复配物在化妆品中的保湿作用以及运用,对比透明质酸的保湿功效.采用CM825型皮肤水分对测试仪,对两种添加有该原料的产品进行皮肤水份含量测试.两种产品都具有相对不错的保湿作用,只含有0.05％1,3-β葡聚糖粉末和2％MF-800的精华液对于皮肤角质层的保湿能力强于只含有0.1％透明质酸...     

护肤乳液、膏霜（待续）

<正>皮肤的护理既需要保湿也需要赋脂,将油脂与水混合形成一个产品体系,通过乳化形成了乳霜。乳霜是护理类化妆品的主要单品体系,是大多数功效性化妆品的基质,其基本的护理作用是赋脂、保湿,在添加特殊功效性原料后,具备了相应的功效性。因此,乳霜是非常重要的化妆品护理产品,也是最重要的基础体系。1产品性能结构特点和分类护肤乳霜类化妆品,是化妆品中的主体产品。随着市场的细分化,也是种类最多的单品。乳霜类产品的使用性能包     

化妆品保湿和皮肤弹性间的关系初探

通过使用德国CK MPA580皮肤测试仪等仪器,采用双盲测试,测量4种不同膏霜样品A、B、C和D使用前后皮肤水分和弹性状况的变化,评价样品的保湿和弹性功效(采用产品间对照和自身对照设计)。结果显示,58名有效志愿者持续使用样品A、样品B、样品C和样品D 28天后,皮肤含水量和弹性都有所改善。研究表明,4种产品都具有提高皮肤水分含量和改善皮肤弹性的效果,试验结果显示上述4种膏霜化妆品在提供保湿的同时可以相应提高皮肤的弹性。     

常用保湿型化妆品对不同皮肤的功效评价

为评价常用保湿型化妆品的保湿功效,文章采用短期试验与长期试验结合的方法,利用SK-5D数字肌肤测试仪考察了不同样品对皮肤水分含量的影响,并且对比各样品处理不同类型皮肤后水分含量的差异。结果表明,水凝霜在短期试验内(4 h)对皮肤水含量有明显的改善作用,而水凝露在连续涂抹、长期使用(30 d)的过程中,会改变皮肤的水分含量。短期试验中,水凝露及保湿乳液对油性皮肤水分含量的改善效果最好,水凝霜对中性皮肤的水分含量改善效果最好。     

聚谷氨酸的保湿功效及安全性评价

通过CM825型皮肤水分测试仪和皮肤斑贴试验,研究聚谷氨酸的保湿功效及安全性。结果表明:不同分子量和质量分数的聚谷氨酸在保湿特性上差异较大,其中分子量为1 200 k Da的聚谷氨酸在质量分数为0.1%时,保湿效果最好;受试者涂抹该受试物2和4 h后皮肤水分含量的变化率分别为(103.9±0.2)%和(112.2±0.2)%,接近现在广泛使用的保湿剂透明质酸钠的(114.0±0.3)%;皮肤斑贴试验结果表明聚谷氨酸对皮肤安全、无刺激性。     

不同体系沐浴露清洁力和保湿功效分析比较

对不同体系沐浴露清洁力和保湿功效分析比较.选用6款沐浴露,皂基沐浴露1、皂基沐浴露2、氨基酸沐浴露1、氨基酸沐浴露2、乳霜沐浴露1、乳霜沐浴露2,对30例健康志愿者进行自身对照临床研究,使用左右手臂进行对照.在前臂屈侧选定区域涂抹专用油脂,涂抹油脂前、后及使用沐浴露清洁后用Sebumeter SM815进行皮肤油脂检测...     

大米发酵滤液皮肤美白保湿功效的研究

通过人体对照试验测定皮肤白度L~*值、亮度ITA°值、皮肤黑色素含量MI值、皮肤水分含量MMV值,研究大米发酵滤液在皮肤美白和保湿方面的功效。结果显示:通过4周的试验,涂抹了含有大米发酵滤液样品的试验人群相对于基质组皮肤白度L~*值和亮度ITA°值在第2周和第4周数值有明显的提高;皮肤黑色素MI值随着时间的延长呈降低趋势;皮肤含水量MMV值增高明显。表明大米发酵滤液作用于肌肤,具有很好的美白保湿功效。     

LYCD制备及保湿抗衰老功效评价

本文研究了生产LYCD的最佳条件,并对LYCD乳液的保湿、抗衰老功效进行了人体测试,通过水合度、皮肤弹性、透皮失水率（TEWL）及皮肤更新速率的研究,结果表明：LYCD是一种安全有效的新型保湿抗衰老化妆品。     

聚乙二醇-8在防晒产品中保湿性能研究

保湿和防晒是人们护肤的基础，以空白对照组、0%、2%、4%、6%不同含量聚乙二醇-8验证在防晒配方中的保湿效果。随机筛选符合条件的6名测试者(18～60女性，皮肤干燥，手臂含水量<40C.U.测试者无肌肤疾病和肌肤过敏史)测试其保湿效果。测试者洗净手臂后后涂抹目标样品并按摩至吸收，分别在0 h,2 h,4 h后测量表皮角质层水分含量及其表皮角质层水分散失量TEWL，测定3次，取其平均值作为测试结果评价其保湿功效。结果显示加入2%、4%、6%聚乙二醇-8对人体肌肤的角质层水分含量有提高趋势，对降低皮肤角质层水分散失具有比较明显的帮助，表明聚乙二醇-8能提高防晒产品的保湿效果，期望给产品开发提供参考。     

体外称重法测定自制蜂王幼虫美白、抗衰老防皱面霜保湿性能

通过比较透明质酸(HA)对照品与自制蜂王幼虫美白、抗衰老防皱面霜的保湿性能,了解自制蜂王幼虫美白、抗衰老防皱面霜的保湿功效。结果表明自制蜂王幼虫美白、抗衰老防皱面霜中含有一定量的保湿成分,具有更好地保湿功效。     

Thermomechanical properties of chemically modified graphene/poly(methyl methacrylate) composites made by in situ polymerization

The morphology and thermomechanical properties of composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and chemically modified graphene (CMG) fillers were investigated. For composites made by in situ polymerization, large shifts in the glass transition temperature were observed with loadings as low as 0.05 wt.% for both chemically-reduced graphene oxide (RG-O) and graphene oxide (G-O)-filled composites. The elastic modulus of the composites improved by as much as 28% at just 1 wt.% loading. Mori–Tanaka theory was used to quantify dispersion, suggesting platelet aspect ratios greater than 100 at low loadings and a lower quality of dispersion at higher loadings. Fracture strength increased for G-O/PMMA composites but decreased for RG-O/PMMA composites. Wide angle X-ray scattering suggested an exfoliated morphology of both types of CMG fillers dispersed in the PMMA matrix, while transmission electron microscopy revealed that the platelets adopt a wrinkled morphology when dispersed in the matrix. Both techniques suggested similar exfoliation and dispersion of both types of CMG filler. Structural characterization of the resulting composites using gel permeation chromatography and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance showed no change in the polymer structure with increased loading of CMG filler.     

Mixture printing pastes from high substitued guar gum and alginates on reactive printing of viscose

The rheology of binary mixtures of two alginates and one carboxymethyl guar has been measured. Two reactive dyes were printed from pastes based on mixtures. The printing and the final print (color yield, levelness, and fabric stiffness) were assessed. Most of the mixtures reacted in accordance with the dye, and interacted especially with one of the dyes for which CMG was used. However, it is seen that mixture of CMG with alginates can be used in reactive printing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 745–751, 2007     

Impedimetric immunoglobulin G immunosensor based on chemically modified graphenes

Immunosensors which display high sensitivity and selectivity are of utmost importance to the biomedical field. Graphene is a material which has immense potential for the fabrication of immunosensors. For the first time, we evaluate the immunosensing capabilities of various graphene surfaces in this work. We propose a simple and label-free electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor for immunoglobulin G (IgG) based on chemically modified graphene (CMG) surfaces such as graphite oxide, graphene oxide, thermally reduced graphene oxide and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide. Disposable electrochemical printed electrodes were first modified with CMG materials before anti-immunoglobulin G (anti-IgG), which is specific to IgG, was immobilized. The principle of detection lies in the changes in impedance spectra of the redox probe after the attachment of IgG to the immobilized anti-IgG. It was found that thermally reduced graphene oxide has the best performance when compared to the other CMG materials. In addition, the optimal concentration of anti-IgG to be deposited onto the modified electrode surface is 10 μg ml(-1) and the linear range of detection of the immunosensor is from 0.3 μg ml(-1) to 7 μg ml(-1). Finally, the fabricated immunosensor also displays selectivity for IgG.     

The production of flexible and transparent conductive films of carbon nanotube/graphene networks coordinated by divalent metal (Cu, Ca or Mg) ions

Divalent metal ions (M²⁺, M = Cu, Ca or Mg) are used to coordinate oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and chemically modified graphene (CMG) by the oxygen-containing functional groups. Flexible and transparent conductive films of M²⁺-coordinated CNT/CMG networks are produced by spin coating. The lowest sheet resistance is 680 Ω/sq at 86% transmittance. Chemical doping with SOCl₂ further decreases the value to 370 Ω/sq with only 1% loss in transmittance. The M²⁺-coordinated CNT/CMG films can withstand 200 bending cycles without losing much in sheet resistance. This method provides a new route to transparent electrode materials with high flexibility and strength.     

Ultrasonic vibration mill-grinding of single-crystal silicon carbide for pressure sensor diaphragms

Single-crystal silicon carbide (SiC) has gained tremendous attention for harsh-environment sensor applications due to its high-temperature tolerance and chemical resistance. However, there are many technological challenges in the fabrication of single-crystal SiC sensing microstructures such as thin SiC diaphragms for pressure sensors. This paper presents an ultrasonic vibration mill-grinding (UVMG) technique for the fabrication of 6H-SiC sensor diaphragms. The fundamental machining characteristics of UVMG are investigated experimentally compared with conventional mill-grinding (CMG). The experimental results show that the axial grinding force in UVMG is reduced by 60–70% compared to that in CMG. In addition, the wheel loading is severe in CMG, while the issue of wheel loading is significantly alleviated in UVMG due to the discontinuous cutting characteristic achieved in this method. As a result, sharp increase of the axial grinding force, which is accompanied by the crack of SiC workpiece, happens frequently in CMG after a total grinding depth of 200 µm. By contrast, the axial grinding force is stable in UVMG during the total grinding depth of at least 900 µm. The ultrasonic vibration in UVMG results in rough surface finish due to the material-removal mechanism of brittle fracture. However, by taking the advantages of better machining stability in UVMG and better surface roughness in CMG, extremely thin SiC sensor diaphragms with satisfactory surface quality can be achieved. Finally, we demonstrate the successful fabrication of a thin SiC diaphragm with a thickness of 20.3 µm.     

The Capillary Morphogenesis Gene 2 Triggers the Intracellular Hallmarks of Collagen VI-Related Muscular Dystrophy

Collagen VI-related disorders (COL6-RD) represent a severe form of congenital disease for which there is no treatment. Dominant-negative pathogenic variants in the genes encoding α chains of collagen VI are the main cause of COL6-RD. Here we report that patient-derived fibroblasts carrying a common single nucleotide variant mutation are unable to build the extracellular collagen VI network. This correlates with the intracellular accumulation of endosomes and lysosomes triggered by the increased phosphorylation of the collagen VI receptor CMG2. Notably, using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing tool to silence the dominant-negative mutation in patients’ cells, we rescued the normal extracellular collagen VI network, CMG2 phosphorylation levels, and the accumulation of endosomes and lysosomes. Our findings reveal an unanticipated role of CMG2 in regulating endosomal and lysosomal homeostasis and suggest that mutated collagen VI dysregulates the intracellular environment in fibroblasts in collagen VI-related muscular dystrophy.     

Impedimetric thrombin aptasensor based on chemically modified graphenes

Highly sensitive biosensors are of high importance to the biomedical field. Graphene represents a promising transducing platform for construction of biosensors. Here for the first time we compare the biosensing performance of a wide set of graphenes prepared by different methods. In this work, we present a simple and label-free electrochemical impedimetric aptasensor for thrombin based on chemically modified graphene (CMG) platforms such as graphite oxide (GPO), graphene oxide (GO), thermally reduced graphene oxide (TR-GO) and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ER-GO). Disposable screen-printed electrodes were first modified with chemically modified graphene (CMG) materials and used to immobilize a DNA aptamer which is specific to thrombin. The basis of detection relies on the changes in impedance spectra of redox probe after the binding of thrombin to the aptamer. It was discovered that graphene oxide (GO) is the most suitable material to be used as compared to the other three CMG materials. Furthermore, the optimum concentration of aptamer to be immobilized onto the modified electrode surface was determined to be 10 μM and the linear detection range of thrombin was 10-50 nM. Lastly, the aptasensor was found to demonstrate selectivity for thrombin. Such simply fabricated graphene oxide aptasensor shows high promise for clinical diagnosis of biomarkers and point-of-care analysis.     

Controllable coverage of chemically modified graphene sheets with gold nanoparticles by thermal treatment of graphite oxide with N,N-dimethylformamide

We describe a simple chemical method to reduce and functionalize graphite oxide by reaction with dimethylformamide under controlled heating. Our experiments suggest that the reaction conditions assist the decomposition of the solvent to produce dimethylamine molecules that can react with the oxygen-rich functional groups covering the surface of the exfoliated layers of graphene, therefore generating chemically modified graphene (CMG). These N-functionalities have been next used as anchoring points for the grafting of Au nanoparticles. Given that the functionalization extent can be controlled with the temperature and reaction time, our approach can be considered as a straightforward route for the controlled decoration of CMG layers with gold nanoparticles.     

油藏数值模拟软件CMG界面仿真

本文通过对CMG界面主要功能的程序设计进行详细描述,希望能帮助读者在编写石油工程专业软件时提高软件的易用性。