优质弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT控轧控冷工艺的热模拟研究

用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机测定了优质弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT的CCT曲线,并用光学显微镜和透射电镜研究了不同的终轧温度、冷却速度下的组织和相变。结果表明,冷速为1℃/s时,弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT中的珠光体含量约为98%;随着冷速的增加,铁素体和珠光体的含量逐渐减小,贝氏体和马氏体含量逐渐增加;当冷速达到9℃/s时,基体全部为马氏体;终轧温度850℃、冷速为1℃/s时,弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT的索氏体含量达到90%,强塑性最好,即R_m 1301 MPa,R_p0.2 928 MPa,A 23.8%,Z 38.6%。     

热处理对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验了890～930℃淬火、400～440℃回火时淬-回火温度对160mm×160mm连铸坯轧成的Φ21mm 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,910℃淬火.回火后的60Si2CrVAT钢抗拉强度高于890℃和930℃淬火-回火钢的抗拉强度,不同淬火温度下钢的抗拉强度随回火温度升高而降低。分析了拉伸断口的组织形貌。     

热轧终轧温度对形变时效状态QBe2合金薄板性能的影响

通过对QBe2合金薄板的力学及物理性能进行测试,结合其不同热处理状态下的扫描电镜组织,研究了热轧终轧温度对形变时效状态QBe2合金薄板性能的影响.结果表明:热轧终轧温度在540~630℃范围内,较低终轧温度(540℃)的QBe2合金薄板经过形变时效热处理后显微组织中β相含量较高,并且析出物沿晶界局部脱溶的现象更为严重.热轧终轧温度从540℃升高到630℃,形变时效态下QBe2合金薄板的强度提高80~90 MPa,伸长率提高1.2%,弹性模量提高近10 GPa,导电率降低1.8%.造成不同热轧终轧温度的形变时效状态QBe2合金薄板性能不同的主要原因是显微组织中β相含量不同.     

热处理工艺对60Si2CrVAT力学性能的影响

60Si2CrVAT是学性能合格难度比较大,铁道部货车转向架专用弹簧钢,该钢种不仅要求强度高,而且塑性指标要求也很高,力针对淮钢产60Si2CrVAT4N,采用不同的热处理工艺,研究不同热处理工艺对力学性能的影响,优化60Si2CrVAT热处理工艺。     

超高强铁素体/贝氏体双相钢的控轧控冷

通过实验室热轧机组的控轧控冷试验,研究了控轧控冷参数对超高强铁素体/贝氏体双相钢组织性能的影响。结果表明,采用不同温度终轧,轧后不同方式冷却,抗拉强度几乎都在1 000MPa以上,屈强比在0.54～0.62之间,伸长率在13%～17%之间。铁素体晶粒随终轧温度降低和冷却速度加快而细化;终冷温度降低,贝氏体量增多。经800℃终轧后层流冷却至560℃左右空冷,由于铁素体晶粒细化,组织中大量的粒状贝氏体、无碳化物贝氏体、少量的孪晶马氏体以及残余奥氏体的存在使抗拉强度达1 130MPa,伸长率达16%,强塑积达到18 080MPa.%的最高值。控轧控冷获得以铁素体/贝氏体双相组织为主并含有少量残余奥氏体+马氏体的复相组织,使试验钢具有了优异的力学性能。     

间歇式变向复合电磁搅拌作用下60Si2CrVAT钢的凝固组织

研究了间歇式变向复合电磁搅拌作用下60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢连铸坯的凝固组织.结果表明,间歇式变向复合电磁搅拌工艺可以显著减少60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢铸坯断面中心疏松和缩孔,提高铸坯凝固组织的致密度.铸坯中二次枝晶臂间距为30～250 μm,中心等轴区由铸坯断面面积的19.6%增加到25%,铸坯内部质量得到了极大的改善.     

控轧控冷工艺对SCM435钢盘条组织和性能的影响

试验钢SCM435（/%:0.33~0.38C,0.15~0.35Si,0.60~0.85Mn,≤0.025P,≤0.025S,0.90~1.20Cr,0.15~0.30Mo）盘条的生产流程为80t BOF-LF-280 mm×325 mm铸坯-160 mm×160 mm热轧坯-热连轧成Φ16 mm盘条。试验研究了160 mm×160 mm热轧坯由常规轧制工艺（开轧1060℃,精轧930~950℃,吐丝860~900℃,冷却速度0.5~0.6℃/s）和控轧控冷工艺（开轧1060℃,精轧820~850℃,吐丝780~820℃,冷却速度0.4~0.5℃/s）对SCM435钢热轧盘条组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着精轧温度的降低和冷却速度的减小,钢热轧盘条的组织得到改善,抗拉强度明显降低;常规工艺轧制SCM435钢热轧盘条的抗拉强度平均952 MPa,组织为铁素体+珠光体+贝氏体+马氏体,控轧控冷工艺轧制的SCM435钢热轧盘条的抗拉强度平均817 MPa,组织为均匀的铁素体+珠光体。结合控轧控冷工艺原理对钢的组织和性能变化进行了分析。     

新一代高性能合金弹簧钢的开发与应用

通过高合金钢棒线材连轧机的控制轧制工艺研究了新一代合金弹簧钢D701的力学性能。研究表明，将控轧工艺的终轧温度控制在790～820℃，细化了晶粒，合金弹簧钢D701的强度、塑性指标较60Si2CrVA有了很大提高，尤其是塑性提高30％以上。     

60Si2MnA弹簧钢盘条生产中两种控冷工艺的比较

通过对比试验,优化了60Si2MnA弹簧钢热轧盘条的控冷工艺,改善了其显微组织和力学性能,为大生产提供了依据.     

高性能碳素钢轨热轧及轧后在线冷却工艺研究

本文利用Formastor-Press模拟试验机和φ300 mm二辊热轧试验轧机研究了采用接近共析成分的碳素钢生产高性能60 km/m钢轨的新的热轧及轧后在线冷却工艺,其工艺为:钢坯加热温度1150℃,终轧温度为900～850℃,轧后冷却速度为5～10℃/s。获得了珠光体团直径为5～6 μm,珠光体片层间距为900 A的超细珠光体组织。钢轨模拟试样性能达到:σ_b=1135 MPa,σ_(0.2)=808MPa,δ_5=12～15.4％,接近或达到了热处理钢轨的性能水平。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.