Adaptive neural model-based decentralized predictive control

This paper considers the problem of developing an adaptive neural model-based decentralized predictive controller for general multivariable non-linear processes, where the equations governing the system are unknown. It derives a method for implementing a neural network model for unknown non-linear process dynamics for adaptive control. The performance of this controller is demonstrated and evaluated using a simulated chemical process: multivariable non-linear control of distillation column. The simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategies have good practical potential for adaptive control of multivariable non-linear processes.     

Non-affine nonlinear adaptive control of decentralized large-scale systems using neural networks

This paper introduces a new decentralized adaptive neural network controller for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with unknown non-affine subsystems and unknown interconnections represented by nonlinear functions. A radial basis function neural network is used to represent the controller’s structure. The stability of the closed loop system is guaranteed through Lyapunov stability analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed decentralized adaptive controller is illustrated by considering two nonlinear systems: a two-inverted pendulum and a turbo generator. The simulation results verify the merits of the proposed controller.     

基于神经网络与多模型的非线性自适应广义预测控制

针对一类不确定非线性离散时间动态系统, 提出了基于神经网络与多模型的非线性广义预测自适应控制方法. 该自适应控制方法由线性鲁棒广义预测自适应控制器, 神经网络非线性广义预测自适应控制器和切换机制三部分构成. 线性鲁棒广义预测自适应控制器保证闭环系统的输入输出信号有界, 神经网络非线性广义预测自适应控制器能够改善系统的性能. 切换策略通过对上述两种控制器的切换, 保证系统稳定的同时, 改善系统性能. 给出了所提自适应方法的稳定性和收敛性分析. 最后通过仿真实例验证了所提方法的有效性.     

Neural adaptive prescribed performance control for interconnected nonlinear systems with output dead zone

This paper is concerned with the neural‐based decentralized adaptive control for interconnected nonlinear systems with prescribed performance and unknown dead zone outputs. In the controller design procedure, neural networks are employed to identify unknown auxiliary functions, and the control design obstacle caused by the output nonlinearity is resolved via introducing Nussbaum function. Then, a reliable neural decentralized adaptive control is developed through incorporating the backstepping method and the prescribed performance technique. In the light of Lyapunov stability theory, it is verified that the proposed control scheme can ensure that all the closed‐loop signals are bounded, and can also guarantee that the tracking errors remain within a small enough compact set with the prescribed performance bounds. Finally, some simulation results are given to illustrate the feasibility of the devised control strategy.     

Decentralized Robust Adaptive Control for the Multiagent System Consensus Problem Using Neural Networks

A robust adaptive control approach is proposed to solve the consensus problem of multiagent systems. Compared with the previous work, the agent's dynamics includes the uncertainties and external disturbances, which is more practical in real-world applications. Due to the approximation capability of neural networks, the uncertain dynamics is compensated by the adaptive neural network scheme. The effects of the approximation error and external disturbances are counteracted by employing the robustness signal. The proposed algorithm is decentralized because the controller for each agent only utilizes the information of its neighbor agents. By the theoretical analysis, it is proved that the consensus error can be reduced as small as desired. The proposed method is then extended to two cases: agents form a prescribed formation, and agents have the higher order dynamics. Finally, simulation examples are given to demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed method.     

Adaptive Decentralized NN Control of Nonlinear Interconnected Time‐Delay Systems with Input Saturation

In this paper, a novel decentralized adaptive neural control scheme is proposed for a class of interconnected large‐scale uncertain nonlinear time‐delay systems with input saturation. Radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) are used to tackle unknown nonlinear functions. Then, the decentralized adaptive NN tracking controller is constructed by combining Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions and the dynamic surface control (DSC) technique, along with the minimal‐learning‐parameters (MLP) algorithm. The stability analysis subject to the effect of input saturation constraints are conducted with the help of an auxiliary design system based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method. The proposed controller guarantees uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) of all of the signals in the closed‐loop large‐scale system, while the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood around the origin. An advantage of the proposed control scheme lies in the number of adaptive parameters of the whole system being reduced to one and in the solution of the three problems of “computational explosion,” “dimension curse,” and “controller singularity”. Finally, simulation results along with comparisons are presented to demonstrate the advantages, effectiveness, and performance of the proposed scheme.     

Decentralized adaptive neural control of nonlinear interconnected large-scale systems with unknown time delays and input saturation

In this paper, a novel decentralized adaptive neural control scheme is proposed for a class of interconnected large-scale uncertain nonlinear time-delay systems with input saturation. RBF neural networks (NNs) are used to tackle unknown nonlinear functions, then the decentralized adaptive NN tracking controller is constructed by combining Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions and the dynamic surface control (DSC) technique along with the minimal-learning-parameters (MLP) algorithm. The stability analysis subject to the effect of input saturation constrains are conducted with the help of an auxiliary design system based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method. The proposed controller guarantees uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) of all the signals in the closed-loop large-scale system, while the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. An advantage of the proposed control scheme lies in that the number of adaptive parameters for each subsystem is reduced to one, and three problems of “computational explosion”, “dimension curse” and “controller singularity” are solved, respectively. Finally, a numerical simulation is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed scheme.     

Multiple-model-and-neural-network-based nonlinear multivariable adaptive control

A multivariable adaptive controller feasible for implementation on distributed computer systems (DCS) is presented for a class of uncertain nonlinear multivariable discrete time systems. The adaptive controller is composed of a linear adaptive controller, a neural network nonlinear adaptive controller and a switching mechanism. The linear controller can provide boundedness of the input and output signals, and the nonlinear controller can improve the performance of the system. The purpose of using the switching mechanism is to obtain the improved system performance and stability simultaneously. Theory analysis and simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

一类非线性非最小相位系统的直接自适应控制

针对一类不确定的离散时间非线性非最小相位动态系统,提出了一种基于神经网络和多模型的直接自适应控制方法．该控制方法由线性直接自适应控制器,神经网络非线性直接自适应控制器以及切换机构组成．线性控制器用来保证闭环系统输入输出信号有界,非线性控制器用来改善系统性能．切换策略通过对上述两种控制器的切换,保证闭环系统输入输出有界的同时,改善了系统性能．理论分析以及仿真结果表明了所提出的直接自适应控制方法的有效性．     

Multiple-model-and-neural-network-based nonlinear multivariable adaptive control

A multivariable adaptive controller feasible for implementation on distributed computer systems (DCS) is presented for a class of uncertain nonlinear multivariable discrete time systems. The adaptive controller is composed of a linear adaptive controller, a neural network nonlinear adaptive controller and a switching mechanism. The linear controller can provide boundedness of the input and output signals, and the nonlinear controller can improve the performance of the system. The purpose of using the switching mechanism is to obtain the improved system performance and stability simultaneously. Theory analysis and simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

非线性互联系统的分散混合自适应智能控制

针对一类高阶互联MIMO非线性系统，利用TS模糊系统和神经网络的通用逼近能力，在神经网络控制器中引入模糊基函数，提出一种分散混合自适应智能控制器设计的新方案．基于等价控制思想，设计分散自适应控制器，无需计算TS模型．通过对不确定项进行自适应估计，取消了其存在已知上界的假设．通过理论分析，证明了闭环智能控制系统所有信号有界，跟踪误差收敛到零．     

Remarks on tracking method of neural network weight change for adaptive type neural network feedforward feedback controller

A cost function is useful for a confirmation of neural network controller learning performance, but, this confirmation may not be correct for neural networks. Previous papers proposed a tracking method of neural network weight change and simulated it on the application of both learning and adaptive type neural network direct controllers. This paper applies the tracking method to an adaptive type neural network feedforward feedback controller and simulates it. The simulation results confirm that a track of the neural network weight change is separated into two trajectories. They also discuss the relationship between the feedback gain of the feedback controller and the parameter determining the neural network learning speed. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

基于观测器的机械手神经网络自适应控制

提出了一种基于观测器的机械手神经网络自适应轨迹跟随控制器设计方法,这里机 械手的动力学非线性假设是未知的,并且假设机械手仅有关节角位置测量.文中采用一个线 性观测器重构机械手的关节角速度,用神经网络逼近修正的机械手动力学非线性,改进系统 的跟随性能.基于观测器的神经网络自适应控制器能够保证机械手角跟随误差和观测误差的 一致终结有界性以及神经网络权值的有界性,最后给出了机械手神经网络自适应控制器-观 测器设计的主要理论结果,并通过数字仿真验证了所提方法的性能.     

一类非线性多变量系统的多模型自适应控制

针对一类不确定的非线性多变量离散时间动态系统,提出了一种基于切换的多模型自适应控制方法.该控制方法的特点在于以下两个方面:首先,引入一个高阶差分算子使得非线性系统的非线性项的限制条件不再要求全局有界;其次,提出的控制方法由线性自适应控制器、神经网络非线性自适应控制器以及切换机构组成:线性控制器用来保证闭环系统的输入输出信号有界,神经网络非线性控制器用来改善闭环系统的性能,基于性能指标的切换机构在每一时刻选择性能指标较好的控制器对系统进行控制.理论分析和仿真实验说明了提出的多模型自适应控制方法的有效性.     

基于自适应模糊神经网络控制器的网络控制系统

网络控制系统中存在着时延、丢包、网络干扰等问题。针对网络控制系统中存在恶化系统的控制性能,甚至导致系统不稳定的因素,提出了一种基于自适应模糊神经网络控制器的网络控制系统,它能根据系统的实际输出与期望输出误差,利用自适应模糊控制和神经网络自学习的原理进行控制参数的自行调整,以符合控制系统的实际要求,同时,分析了网络延时,丢包率及网络干扰因素对系统性能的影响。利用TrueTime工具箱建立了包含自适应模糊神经网络控制器的网络控制系统的仿真模型,并将其分别与基于常规PID控制器的网络控制系统和基于模糊参数PID控制器的网络控制系统进行了比较。实验结果表明,在相同的网络环境下,基于自适应模糊神经网络控制器的网络控制系统的控制效果比基于常规的PID控制器和基于模糊参数PID控制器的要好,且具有较好的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性能。     

变结构神经网络自适应鲁棒控制

针对一类不确定非线性系统, 提出一种变结构神经网络自适应鲁棒控制(Variable structure neural network adaptive robust control, VSNNARC)方法. 其中变结构神经网络用于在线辨识系统未知非线性函数, 该网络利用节点激活与催眠技术进行动态调节, 减小网络规模与计算量; 自适应鲁棒控制用于网络权值学习与系统建模误差及外部扰动补偿. 采用Lyapunov稳定性分析法, 给出网络权值自适应律的形式以及鲁棒控制项的设计方法. 该方法不仅能保证系统的稳定性, 也能保证系统具有很好的瞬态性能. 将该方法应用到转台伺服系统的位置跟踪控制中, 实际运行结果表明, 该方法使系统具有很强的鲁棒性及良好的跟踪效果.     

Adaptive neural decentralized control for strict feedback nonlinear interconnected systems via backstepping

An approximation based adaptive neural decentralized output tracking control scheme for a class of large-scale unknown nonlinear systems with strict-feedback interconnected subsystems with unknown nonlinear interconnections is developed in this paper. Within this scheme, radial basis function RBF neural networks are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions of the subsystems. An adaptive neural controller is designed based on the recursive backstepping procedure and the minimal learning parameter technique. The proposed decentralized control scheme has the following features. First, the controller singularity problem in some of the existing adaptive control schemes with feedback linearization is avoided. Second, the numbers of adaptive parameters required for each subsystem are not more than the order of this subsystem. Lyapunov stability method is used to prove that the proposed adaptive neural control scheme guarantees that all signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded, while tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. The simulation example of a two-spring interconnected inverted pendulum is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Nonlinear multivariable adaptive control using multiple models and neural networks

In this paper, a multivariable adaptive control approach is proposed for a class of unknown nonlinear multivariable discrete-time dynamical systems. By introducing a k-difference operator, the nonlinear terms of the system are not required to be globally bounded. The proposed adaptive control scheme is composed of a linear adaptive controller, a neural-network-based nonlinear adaptive controller and a switching mechanism. The linear controller can assure boundedness of the input and output signals, and the neural network nonlinear controller can improve performance of the system. By using the switching scheme between the linear and nonlinear controllers, it is demonstrated that improved performance and stability can be achieved simultaneously. Theory analysis and simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

ATM communications network control by neural networks

A learning method that uses neural networks for service quality control in the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) communications network is described. Because the precise characteristics of the source traffic are not known and the service quality requirements change over time, building an efficient network controller which can control the network traffic is a difficult task. The proposed ATM network controller uses backpropagation neural networks for learning the relations between the offered traffic and service quality. The neural network is adaptive and easy to implement. A training data selection method called the leaky pattern table method is proposed to learn precise relations. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated by simulation of basic call admission models.     

An on-line learning neural controller for helicopters performing highly nonlinear maneuvers

This paper presents an on-line learning adaptive neural control scheme for helicopters performing highly nonlinear maneuvers. The online learning adaptive neural controller compensates the nonlinearities in the system and uncertainties in the modeling of the dynamics to provide the desired performance. The control strategy uses a neural controller aiding an existing conventional controller. The neural controller is based on a online learning dynamic radial basis function network, which uses a Lyapunov based on-line parameter update rule integrated with a neuron growth and pruning criteria. The online learning dynamic radial basis function network does not require a priori training and also it develops a compact network for implementation. The proposed adaptive law provides necessary global stability and better tracking performance. Simulation studies have been carried-out using a nonlinear (desktop) simulation model similar to that of a BO105 helicopter. The performances of the proposed adaptive controller clearly shows that it is very effective when the helicopter is performing highly nonlinear maneuvers. Finally, the robustness of the controller has been evaluated using the attitude quickness parameters (handling quality index) at different speed and flight conditions. The results indicate that the proposed online learning neural controller adapts faster and provides the necessary tracking performance for the helicopter executing highly nonlinear maneuvers.