溶剂法再生纤维素纤维--Lyocell的结构与性能

通过大量对比实验,研究了Lyocel纤维的聚集态结构、皮芯结构、原纤化及其影响因素,并对其力学、热学、吸湿和纺纱性能及其最佳混纺比等作了深入探讨.在此基础上,研究了Ly-ocell纤维在新一代军服面料中的应用.     

21世纪的"绿色纤维"--Lyocell

对比了2种纤维素纤维生产的工艺流程.指出Lyocell纤维具有独特的优越性和广阔的发展前景,它可能成为21世纪优良的新型纤维.     

绿色环保型纤维—Lyocell纤维

介绍了lyocell纤维的发展现状、特性、以及它的应用技术和用途。     

Lyocell纤维增强塑料复合材料

纤维素纤维Lyocell纤维是生态复合材料增强组分的一种可选材料。本文的目的是阐述Lyocell纤维作为塑料增强组分的特性及其应用可能性。     

新型纤维素纤维的研究与开发

主要阐述粘胶纤维生产现状及新型纤维素纤维，即Ｌｙｏｃｅｌｌ纤维的研究与开发及进展情况。     

纤维素纤维的新品种：Lyocell

介绍了一种全新的纤维纤维：Ｌｏｙｃｅｌｌ。对其生产工艺特点，纤维的性能，用途发展现状和发展前景作了综合评述。     

浅析Lyocell纤维的成丝过程

以Ｌｙｏｃｅｌｌ工艺试验为例,分析了Ｌｙｏｃｅｌｌ纤维的成丝过程,说明Ｌｙｏｃｅｌｌ是不会造成环境污染的绿色纤维。     

纤维素纳米晶体的绿色可持续制备

纤维素纳米晶体（Cellulose Nanocrystals, CNC）是由天然纤维素经过化学或者物理处理而获得的一种纳米材料,因其独特、优异的物理和化学性质在生物医学、电子器件等领域受到了广泛关注。近年来,CNC的绿色可持续制备得到了广泛研究。本文首先简单介绍了制备CNC的传统方法,指出了各自的优缺点,尤其是其对环境的友好程度;然后进一步重点介绍了近几年发展的绿色可持续制备CNC的新方法,主要包括有机酸水解法、固体酸水解法、亚临界水解法、离子液体处理、低共熔溶剂处理、氧化降解法以及电子束辐射法等;最后展望了CNC未来的研究方向。     

Cellulose Paper-based Strapping Products for Green/Sustainable Packaging Needs

Paper products such as corrugated paperboards are the most common green packaging materials, which are renewable, sustainable, recyclable and biodegradable. However, the plastic or metal straps used to secure the carton boxes are not so green. At the end of packaging, the carton boxes can be recycled, but the plastic/metal straps have to be sorted out for disposal separately. This review focuses on: 1) the global trend of green packaging; 2) conventional plastic/metal strapping materials for carton boxes; 3) conventional market pulp baling with steel wire as the tying materials; 4) cellulose fiber-based materials for strapping market pulp bales and carton boxes. New generation of cellulose paper straps are being developed for more challenging applications with superior strength properties and repulpability.     

Preparation and Properties of Cellulose/Tamarind Nut Powder Green Composites

Using biopolymer cellulose as the matrix and tamarind nut powder (TNP) obtained from agricultural waste of tamarind nuts as the filler, the green composites were made. Cellulose was dissolved in environmental friendly solvent of aq. 8 wt. % Lithium hydroxide and 15 wt. % urea which was precooled to ?12 ° C. To the cellulose solutions, TNP was added in 5 wt. % to 25 wt. % of cellulose separately. Each solution was evenly spread on glass plates and the wet composites were prepared by regeneration method using ethyl alcohol coagulation bath. The wet films were dried in air at room temperature. The dried composite films were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and also tested for their tensile properties. The tensile strength and the % elongation at break of the composites were higher than those of the matrix and increased with TNP content. While the matrix had a tensile strength of 111.8 MPa, the cellulose/TNP composite loaded with 25 wt.% TNP possessed a tensile strength of 125.4 MPa (12% increase). Though the thermal stability of the composites was lower than cellulose matrix, all the composites were stable up to a temperature of 350 °C.     

新型生物材料——细菌纤维素

简要介绍细菌纤维素的基本性质 ,系统地介绍了细菌纤维素的生物合成与调节、发酵工艺条件控制和在造纸、食品、医学工程等方面的应用     

Green Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Reinforcement in Nanocomposites of Polylactic Acid

Cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs) of rod-like shape were prepared from degreased cotton using sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The obtained CNC suspension was neutralized using a sodium hydroxide solution to remove the residual sulfuric acid and improve the thermal stability of the CNC particles. Then, poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) was employed to modify the nanocrystals through entanglement and physical adsorption. The goal was to further improve the thermal stability and weaken the hydrophilicity of CNCs. Original and modified CNCs were dosed into a polylactic acid(PLA) matrix to prepare nanocomposites using a hot compression process. Results of the thermogravimetric analysis showed that the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the modified CNCs showed a 120℃ improvement compared to the original CNCs. That is, the thermal stability of the modified CNCs improved because of their shielding and wrapping by a PEO layer on their surface. Results from scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry showed that the compatibility of the modified CNCs with organic PLA improved, which was attributed to the compatibility of the PEO chains adsorbed on the surface of the CNCs. Finally, the results of tensile tests indicated a significant improvement in terms of breaking strength and elongation at the break point.     

源于淀粉和纤维素替代材料的4类绿色环保餐具评价

为了比较源于淀粉和纤维素替代材料的环境绩效,以餐饮外卖领域推广使用的生物基餐具(复合淀粉基材料、覆膜纤维基材料)与可降解塑料餐具(全淀粉材料、全纤维材料)为研究对象,分析产品生命周期中的各种资源、能源消耗和环境排放并评价其环境影响。以1000个外卖食品餐盒为基准流,利用环境评估软件建立绿色环保餐具的生命周期评价LCA模型。结果表明,源于淀粉的绿色餐盒碳排放和能量消耗主要集中于原料获取和废弃物处理两个阶段,源于纤维的绿色餐盒碳排放和能量消耗则主要集中在制品生产阶段。全淀粉可降解餐具的各项环境影响指标最低,其中累计释放CO239.91kg,消耗电能332.04 MJ,较全纤维可降解餐盒碳排放降低69.5%,节约电能416.23 MJ。     

新型再生纤维素纤维-竹纤维

简述了近期我国自行研发成功的一种新型纺织材料竹纤维的发展现状、生产过程、纤维的结构性能及其纺织品的特点。提出该纤维有明显不同于其它纤维素纤维的独特风格 ,在纺织领域具有广阔的发展前景     

菠萝叶纤维素膜对青枣和鲜切菠萝的保鲜效果研究

为初步明确菠萝叶纤维素膜对部分水果的保鲜效果,以青枣和鲜切菠萝为保鲜对象,研究菠萝叶纤维素膜对两种水果的保鲜效果及自身降解性能。研究结果表明,菠萝叶纤维素膜具有良好的可降解性和生物相容性,纤维素酶和灰霉对其具有明显的降解作用;菠萝叶纤维素膜可在一定程度上抑制果外观商品性劣变,有效遏制果实失重率、硬度和VC含量的下降,减缓可溶性固形物和总糖含量的上升。综上,菠萝叶纤维素膜可有效提高青枣和鲜切菠萝的常温贮藏品质,在鲜食果蔬贮藏保鲜领域具有较好的应用前景。     

纳米晶体纤维素和纳米复合材料

纳米晶体纤维素水悬浮液可以通过木质纤维素纤维的酸水解来获得。纳米晶体纤维素相当于没有缺陷的纳米杆状粒子,具有优越的性能,如低定量、低成本、原材料的可利用性大、自我更新能力强、纳米级的尺寸以及独特的形态等,使得纳米晶体纤维素已作为增强填料广泛地应用在纳米复合材料中。文章讨论了纳米晶体纤维素的制备、形态特性、物理性质及其在纳米复合材料中的结合与增强作用。     

绿色的一天

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