基于粒子群优化算法的混合有源滤波器中无源滤波器的多目标优化设计

混合有源滤波器是非常有应用前景的滤波装置,但其综合性能受无源滤波器参数优化程度的影响很大。该文基于课题项目中谐波源的特点,针对已有优化设计方法的各种缺点,提出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的混合滤波装置中无源滤波器的多目标优化设计方法。通过将无源滤波器的无功补偿容量、初期投资及补偿后滤波效果作为优化目标,利用简便、有效的粒子群优化算法对其参数进行了优化设计,大大减少了人工的计算量,而且明显提高了算法的寻优速度。最后仿真及现场模拟实验表明,此优化设计无源滤波器的成本比经验设计方法有所降低,滤波效果有明显的提高。     

The CCII+ and the ICCII as basic building blocks in low‐pass filter realizations

Three new grounded capacitor current mode low‐pass filters using two inverting second‐generation current conveyor (ICCII) or one double output ICCII are given. The circuits employ the minimum number of passive circuit components, namely two resistors and two capacitors. The circuits are generated from three new voltage mode low‐pass filters realized with the ICCII. A new grounded capacitor CCII+ current mode low‐pass filter is generated from one of the new voltage mode low‐pass filters employing two ICCII?. A new grounded passive component low‐pass filter with independent control on Q and using three ICCII+ is also introduced. Spice simulation results based on using the 0.5 µm CMOS model are included to support the theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Low‐power,low‐noise,active‐RC band‐pass filters using a ‘lossy’ LP–BP transformation

A new and straightforward design procedure for simple canonical topologies of allpole, active‐RC, low‐selectivity band‐pass (BP) filters, with low sensitivity to component tolerances is presented. The procedure is primarily intended for discrete‐component, low‐power filter applications using just one amplifier for relatively high‐order filters. The design procedure starts out with an ‘optimized’ low‐pass (LP) prototype filter, yielding an ‘optimized’ BP filter, whereby the wealth of ‘optimized’ single‐amplifier LP filter designs can be exploited. Using a so‐called ‘lossy’ LP–BP transformation, closed‐form design equations for the design of second‐ to eighth‐order, single‐amplifier BP filters are presented. The low sensitivity, low power consumption, and low noise features of the resulting circuits, as well as the influence of the finite gain‐bandwidth product and component spread, are demonstrated for the case of a fourth‐order filter example. The optimized single‐opamp fourth‐order filter is compared with other designs, such as the cascade of optimized Biquads. Using PSpice with a TL081 opamp model, the filter performance is simulated and the results compared and verified with measurements of a discrete‐component breadboard filter using 1% resistors, 1% capacitors, and a TL081 opamp. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

无源滤波器的多目标优化设计

针对目前根据工程经验或简单的技术经济指标来设计无源滤波器的现状，以及现有优化设计方法中假设条件较多、寻优空间较小、寻优能力不强、对实际因素考虑不全面等问题，提出了一种无源滤波器的多目标优化设计方法。将无源滤波器的初期投资、无功功率补偿容量、滤波后电网谐波含量作为三个目标，利用遗传算法对无源滤波器的参数进行优化设计。通过适应度函数的阈值制约以及以不同概率进行染色体选择操作，使得种群朝三个目标最佳协调点的方向进化；并且，为了克服算法的早熟收敛，引入混沌算子来增加种群的多样性；最后对一个混全滤波实验系统进行了无源滤波参数的多目标优化设计。实践表明，设计出的无源滤波器具有良好的综合性能。     

基于克隆选择算法的IIR数字滤波器优化设计

鉴于IIR数字滤波器设计本质上是一个多参数非线性复杂函数优化问题,提出应用具有全局搜索能力强,收敛速度快特点的克隆选择算法优化IIR数字滤波器的相关参数,进而形成一种新的IIR数字滤波器优化设计方法。给出了IIR滤波器优化设计的数学模型,描述了应用克隆选择算法优化设计IIR数字滤波器的具体实现步骤,并通过低通和高通IIR数字滤波器设计的仿真结果表明该方法的有效性和高效性。     

Universal current‐mode filters and parasitic impedance effects on the filter performances

In this letter, two universal current‐mode (CM) filters for simultaneously realizing low‐pass, band‐pass and high‐pass characteristics are proposed. Both of the presented filters can also realize notch and all‐pass responses with interconnection of the relevant output currents. They employ second‐generation current‐controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and only grounded capacitors. They also have low active and passive element sensitivities along with electronically adjustable angular resonance frequency (ω₀) and quality factor (Q). Based on the first developed filter, the parasitic impedance effects of the conveyors on the filter performances are investigated in detail. Simulation results using SPICE simulation program are included to verify the theory. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

低互感高品质因素无源滤波器的优化设计分析

为降低无源滤波器中三相电抗器互感对单调谐滤波器滤波效果的影响,通过理论分析表明,将其严格按照水平三角方式排列摆放,可有效抑制相间电抗器互感;采用考虑无源滤波器性能和系统总成本的多目标模糊优化方法设计无源滤波器参数,能将多个优化目标转换为单目标的优化求解问题,设计出具有低互感高品质因素的无源滤波器,混合型滤波器系统。新方案投入运行后,取得了较好的现场效果。     

FDCCII‐based electronically tunable voltage‐mode biquad filter

In this work, a voltage‐mode biquad filter realizing low‐pass, band‐pass and high‐pass characteristics is presented. The proposed filter, which employs two FDCCIIs, two grounded capacitors and two NMOS transistors, provides electronic tunability with the control voltage applied to the gate. NMOS transistors act as linear resistor. Furthermore, the proposed circuit still enjoys realization using a low number of active and passive components, no requirement with the component choice conditions to realize specific filtering functions, high input impedance, and low active and passive sensitivities performance. Simulation results using SPICE program are given to show the performance of the filter and verify the theory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

New Current-mode all-pole and Elliptic Filters Employing Current Conveyors

New current-mode high-order all-pole and elliptic filters employing second-generation and third-generation current conveyors are presented in this paper. The synthesis method is based on signal flow graph design of simulating LC passive ladder filters. Simple architectures are obtained along with only grounded resistors and capacitors in our all-pole filter design. Moreover, the numbers of resistors, capacitors and current conveyors in our proposed all-pole filters are equal to the numbers of filter order. The proposed elliptic filter can be designed by only adding floating capacitor to the corresponding nodes as the all-pole filter counterpart. Third-order current-mode Chebychev and elliptic lowpass filters are demonstrated to verify the proposed method.     

基于双因子改进型粒子群算法的混合滤波系统的多目标优化设计

大容量混合滤波系统的应用前景十分广阔,其滤波器组的参数优化,尤其是无源滤波器的参数设计对综合性能的影响很大。本文提出基于双因子改进型粒子群优化算法的混合滤波系统中无源滤波器组的多目标优化设计方法。通过将加速因子和交叉因子引入优化算法,针对无源滤波器的多目标优化,高效搜索参数空间以获得最优解。与以往的优化设计相比,带双因子的改进型粒子群算法采用自适应的惯性权重,交叉因子增加了粒子的多样性,克服了算法寻优过程中易局部收敛等问题,提高其全局搜索能力。而收缩因子可以加快PSO的运算速度,明显提高了算法的寻优速度。测试结果表明利用该算法设计的混合型滤波系统具有较强的鲁棒性。     

混合滤波系统中无源滤波器的自适应进化设计方法

混合电力滤波系统同时具备无源滤波器的低廉成本和有源滤波器的良好滤波效果,但其综合性能受无源滤波器参数优化程度的影响很大。文中提出一种基于自适应遗传算法和PSpice仿真的无源滤波器优化设计新方法,其核心是基于元件标称值的高效编解码方案,基于权值均匀设计、动态调整和PSpice仿真的多目标合成与评估方法,以及兼顾种群多样性和遗传进程的遗传概率自适应策略。仿真结果表明,该方法可获得经过优化的实用性设计结果。     

基于虚拟电阻阻尼的三相并网逆变器控制设计

为抑制三相并网逆变器中LCL滤波器带来的谐振尖峰,提出一种结合有源阻尼和无源阻尼方案的虚拟电阻阻尼设计,用来取代常见的串联在电容上的电阻。通过对系统传递函数和波特图的分析比较,给出一种基于检测电容电流的虚拟电阻阻尼设计方案;运用Matlab仿真验证了设计方案的有效性,同时也证实了其相对传统无源阻尼法对电流THD的改善;最后,仿真证实了虚拟阻尼法在发生跳载时能快速响应,并一定程度上抑制超调量。     

Optimal sizing and design of CMOS analogue amplifier circuits using craziness‐based particle swarm optimization

This paper presents the optimal designs of two analogue complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) amplifier circuits, namely differential amplifier with current mirror load and two‐stage operational amplifier. A modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), called Craziness‐based Particle Swarm Optimization (CRPSO) technique is applied to minimize the total MOS area of the designed circuits. CRPSO is a highly modified version of conventional PSO, which adopts a number of random variables and has a better and faster exploration and exploitation capability in the multidimensional search space. Integration of craziness factor in the fundamental velocity term of PSO not only brings diversity in particles but also pledges convergence close to global best solution. The proposed CRPSO‐based circuit optimization technique is reassured to be free from the intrinsic disadvantages of premature convergence and stagnation, unlike Differential Evolution (DE), Harmony Search (HS), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The simulation results achieved for the two analogue CMOS amplifier circuits establish the efficacy of the proposed CRPSO‐based approach over those of DE, HS, ABC and PSO in terms of convergence haste, design conditions and design goals. The optimally designed analogue CMOS amplifier circuits occupy the least MOS area and show the best performance parameters like gain and power dissipation, in compared with the other reported literature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Realization of a multiport gyrator using current mirror circuits

A current‐mode signal processing circuit is quite attractive for low supply voltage operation and high‐frequency application. A current‐mode continuous‐time filter consists of simple bipolar current mirrors and capacitors, and are quite suitable for monolithic integration. In this paper, we propose a design for a multiport gyrator using current mirror circuits. Using the multiport gyrator and capacitors, we can simulate passive LC filters. The tuning of the filter frequency can be achieved by adjusting the current of a single dc current course. As examples, third‐ and fifth‐order low‐pass filters are designed for frequencies of 20 to 80 MHz, and SPICE simulation results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 139(4): 41–47, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.1167     

基于最佳偏调谐的无源滤波器优化设计

为保证滤波器失谐情况下仍具有最佳的滤波效益,提出一种基于最佳偏调谐的滤波器优化设计方法。该方法选取各滤波支路补偿容量作为优化变量,考虑无功功率平衡、谐波电压、谐波电流限制等,以母线电压畸变率最小为目标函数,建立含最佳偏谐率变量的优化模型。通过迭代求解,可得到各滤波支路最佳补偿容量和最佳调谐频率,保证失谐情况下滤波器具有最佳滤波效果。对具体工程实例计算表明,与传统经验优化方法相比,该方法设计的滤波器在失谐情况下具有更佳的滤波效果。     

一种新颖的电力用复式滤波器

介绍一种新型的用于补偿配电系统高次谐波的复合型有源滤波器。它能有效的抑制配电变压器附近设备产生的高次谐波。滤波器是由有源滤波器 (AF)和无源滤波器 (PF)串联组成。根据自动调整反馈放大系数K ,AF将根据高次谐波电阻的大小动作 ,从而实现控制。复式滤波器与通常的AF相比 ,能使PWM变换器的容量大幅度降低。因AF依电阻的正负而动作 ,能够有效减小流入PF中的高次谐波电流 ,从而避免了PF过负荷 ,经实验和仿真确认了PF的补偿效果     

Voltage mode and current mode Tow Thomas bi‐quadratic filters using inverting CCII

A voltage mode Tow Thomas bi‐quadratic filter using the inverting second‐generation current conveyor (ICCII) is given. The filter has high input impedance, employs two grounded capacitors, and has independent control on Q, independent control on the band‐pass and low‐pass response gain. Three alternative current mode filters are generated from the voltage mode circuit. The three circuits have zero input impedance, employ grounded capacitors and have independent control on Q. Two of the circuits have also all resistors grounded and the other uses only ICCII?and has only one floating resistor. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Quasi-passive filter for harmonic filtering

To overcome the limitations of conventional shunt passive filters, a quasi-passive filter has been proposed in this paper. It comprises of a parallel and series tuned LC tank circuit. Unlike the conventional shunt passive filter, the quasi-passive filter utilizes a large value ac capacitor. Unipolar dc capacitors and power semiconductor devices are used to realize the large value ac capacitor. The operation of the quasi-passive filter is simple and it does not require the complex control methods of active power filters. The proposed quasi-passive filter is verified through analysis and simulation.     

高压直流输电双调谐滤波器阻尼电阻的选取原则

阻尼式双调谐滤波器广泛应用在高压直流工程中,其阻尼电阻的选择关系到滤波器的滤波效果和直流系统的运行性能.首先通过比较不同阻尼电阻下的滤波器阻抗频率特性,分析了阻尼电阻对滤波效果的影响;然后以某±800 kV特高压直流输电工程交流滤波器设计为例,考核不同阻尼电阻下滤波器的性能和稳态定值;最后基于性能指标和稳态定值要求的考虑,总结了电阻优化选择的基本原则和规律,对提高滤波器设计的效率、减少盲目性具有一定的工程指导意义.