混合类型多媒体负载访问存储系统的统计学访问控制算法

混合类型多媒体负载访问存储系统是一个复杂的过程，不同类型的多媒体应用要求存储系统提供不同的服务质量保证．存储系统需要一个有效的访问控制算法，为尽可能多的多媒体应用提供保证服务质量的服务．对混合类型多媒体负载访问存储系统的访问控制问题进行了系统的研究：定义多媒体应用访问存储系统的服务质量参数；建立并发多媒体应用的汇聚负载模型；推导出混合类型多媒体负载的访问控制约束条件；实现相应的统计学访问控制算法．仿真实验的结果表明，新的存储系统访问控制算法是有效的，并具有相当高的精确度．     

移动WiMAX网络中的VoIP调度机制

移动微波存取全球互通(WiMAX)网络使用了5种调度机制来保证服务质量,其中的3种被设计用于实时性业务。但是,这3种调度机制都缺乏公平性。在资源不足的时候,通过丢弃新用户的请求来保证旧用户的服务质量(QoS)。为此,针对WiMAX中的因特网语音(VoIP)服务提出了一种基于优先权的新调度机制。该机制中,不同用户的业务请求将被赋予不同的优先权。新旧用户同时请求资源时,新用户的请求拥有更高的优先权;资源分配中心再根据优先权的高低为用户分配资源,从而在最大限度上保证了资源分配的公平性。仿真结果显示,新调度机制可以将网络中的因特网语音服务的连接数和总吞吐量分别提高15%和11%左右。     

高性能多媒体SoC分组访存调度算法

根据多媒体处理单元的访存特点,提出一种面向高性能多媒体SoC的分组访存调度算法.该算法将访存请求按照访存ID和页地址分组,以访存组为单位进行乱序调度,并通过维护相同ID访存请求之间的顺序保证访存的正确性:综合考虑访存单元的访存效率和服务质量要求,在每个访存单元独立的调度周期内提供最低带宽保障服务.将该分组访存调度算法应用于访存调度装置,实际应用仿真结果表明,与已有基于带宽分配的访存调度算法相比,文中算法在保障访存单元带宽需求的同时降低了访存延迟,并将平均带宽利用率提高了15%.     

基于服务时间的加权公平队列调度算法

针对已知存储系统调度算法无法保证服务资源公平分配的问题,提出一种基于服务时间的加权公平队列调度算法,该算法直接采用访问请求的服务时间作为服务资源分配的依据,其公平性非常接近于公平调度算法的理论极限,在负载波动的情况下仍能保持资源分配的稳定性。     

基于QoS的磁盘调度策略

随着视频点播、视频会议、视频监控、数字图书馆等流媒体应用的普及，流媒体服务器存储资源管理成为制约服务质量的瓶颈之一。根据多媒体服务器的性能要求，提出了一种支持QoS的磁盘调度策略。它由三个主要部分组成：探测模块、负载监测模块和自适应管理模块。探测模块，负责判断当前的资源情况能否满足服务请求；自适应模块，根据负载监删模块检测到的负载变化情况，动态调整服务周期在实时请求和尽力服务请求之间的分配。实验表明此磁盘调度策略能在保证实时请求无抖动执行的同时，明显减少了非实时请求的响应时间。     

支持高负载的短信服务软件性能研究

目前普遍应用的在确定资源环境下的FCFS短信服务调度机制在处理请求过载的情况下难以保证服务质量,本文提出的系统自适应组网以及根据获益分析动态调整资源的模型,实验证明了对于提高服务器服务质量的有效性.     

平流层通信平台MAC层的调度方案建模及仿真

平流层升空平台能够满足可提供战时服务、能快速部署,适用于区域性覆盖.为满足平台支持的多用户、多优先权、综合业务的接入策略并解决资源动态分配问题.提出了一种可以满足平台MAC层的服务质量(QoS)和动态带宽分配的调度架构,架构包括移动中心站(MCS)对移动站(MS)的带宽分配和移动站内上行业务的二级带宽调度架构,并根据不同业务需求采用不同的调度算法.仿真结果表明:调度方案能很好的满足所有类型业务的服务质量需求.并提供了较好的公平性,保证了架构的可行性.     

保证存储系统QoS的统计学访问控制算法

传统的访问控制算法采用有效带宽进行访问控制,效果并不理想。该文建立描述并发多媒体负载访问存储系统的排队论模型,提出基于统计学的存储系统访问控制算法。在保证多媒体应用QoS需求的同时,最大程度地利用系统资源。仿真试验结果表明,该算法具有较高的精确性。     

一种基于服务质量的多媒体任务模型

实时调度算法研究一直是实时系统领域的热点和难点.近年来,发展快速的多媒体应用由于需要保证一定的服务质量而呈现实时需求.然而,多媒体应用的特点使得很难使用传统任务模型对其进行描述.本文提出了一种基于服务质量的多媒体任务模型,并给出了在该模型下计算系统QoS指标的算法.该模型将有助于多媒体实时系统的理论分析和调度算法研究.     

支持高负载的短信服务软件性能研究

目前普遍应用的在确定资源环境下的FCFS短信服务调度机制在处理请求过载的情况下难以保证服务质量．本文提出的系统自适应组网以及根据获益分析动态调整资源的模型．实验证明了对于提高服务器服务质量的有效性．     

A Resource Reservation Scheme for Synchronized Distributed Multimedia Sessions

Guarantees of services in a networked environment are provided by the proper allocation and scheduling of network and system resources. A lot of research in packet scheduling, QoS routing, traffic multiplexing, etc. has been aimed at providing deterministic or statistical service guarantees, while utilizing resources efficiently. In this paper, we propose a resource reservation scheme for a class of multimedia presentations. We characterize this class of multimedia presentations as synchronized distributed multimedia sessions, which we believe are important components of many multimedia applications. In addition to multimedia presentations, the reservation scheme applies to applications with synchronized resource requirements. Based on resource inquiry and interval analysis, the scheme is also able to find feasible resource allocation schedules for resource reservation requests. Built upon a layer of resource abstraction, the scheme suits well with today's heterogeneous network environment.     

Quality of Service Support for Multimedia Applications in Third Generation Mobile Networks Using Adaptive Scheduling

Third generation mobile network will support services such as video-telephony, video-conferencing and other multimedia applications. Therefore, this network must provide quality of service (QoS) to these applications consistent with that offered by fixed networks. However, this is a very challenging task due to the instability of the wireless channel and the diverse quality of service requirements dictated by different multimedia applications. In this paper we introduce a resource allocation algorithm for the wireless downlink that takes into account the wireless channel characteristics, the QoS required by the applications as well as a pricing value function. Our solution is based on an adaptive scheduling algorithm originally developed for scheduling real-time processes during transient surges. This algorithm tends to maximize the wireless network operator profit while satisfying the customers' quality requests.     

Courier: Multi-dimensional QoS guarantees for the consolidated storage system

The increasing cost and complexity of data management is driving data centers to consolidate resource and provide storage service for multiplex applications. Therefore, storage systems must be able to guarantee multi-dimensional Quality of Service (QoS) for various applications. However, satisfying performance targets for each workload is challenging, because that the I/O characteristics of workloads usually varies widely and capability of storage system changes significantly. In this paper, we design and implement a novel QoS scheduler, Courier, to maintain satisfactory performance for applications even in this highly-volatile scenario. Courier dynamically alternates between a feedback-based latency controller and reward budget-based scheduling to achieve per-application performance requirement. The feedback-based controller is employed to estimate request service times and adjust scheduling strategy dynamically. Based on the estimation, it can identify time-critical requests from throughput-sensitive requests and schedule applications with time-critical requests preferentially to avoid latency violations. In addition, Courier rewards well-behavior application with more budget to maintain high storage utilization while providing performance guarantees. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach using synthetic and real workloads, and the results show that Courier has good ability to achieve per-application performance targets.     

一种基于IEEE 802.16j网络的带宽调度方案*

针对IEEE 802.16j网络,提出了一种上行业务的动态联合带宽资源调度方案。根据该网络系统树状拓扑结构,在基站BS和中继站RS间采用分级分布式资源调度体制,从而既保障了业务的带宽需求,又提升了上行带宽利用率,同时还提出了针对不同类型业务采用不同的调度算法,改善了调度的公平合理性。仿真结果表明,提出的动态联合调度方案相比严格优先级调度更具灵活性,能够在兼顾用户速率公平的条件下有效地保证各种服务的QoS要求,同时也可获得较高的带宽资源利用率。     

基于QoS效用函数的比例公平调度算法

比例公平调度算法应用于多媒体业务调度时,不能满足其多方面的服务质量(QoS)需求,尤其是当有业务的瞬时QoS参数值接近业务可忍受的QoS阈值时,该业务的调度优先级变化趋势不明显,使该业务不能被及时调度,降低了多媒体业务的通信质量。为此,在PF算法调度优先级判断表达式中引入QoS因子参数项,加强服务质量需求参数项对调度的影响,提出基于QoS效用函数的比例公平调度算法。实验结果证明,该算法可以迅速增加接近QoS阈值多媒体业务的调度机会,使VolP业务的平均延时降低44%、公平性提高3%。     

影响多媒体服务器性能的关键因素研究

在构建大规模视频服务系统时 ,基于层次型多服务器群的体系结构在吞吐率、可扩展性、经济性等方面都有其突出的优势 ,尤其适合于在因特网上的应用 .但是 ,要充分发挥和提高视频服务系统的性能 ,还要针对一些主要的瓶颈(如服务器磁盘 I/ O带宽与网络带宽 ) ,解决好一系列的问题 .本文分析了影响多媒体视频服务器性能的一些主要因素 ,如视频服务器的体系结构、服务器与客户端之间的数据传送方式、媒体数据在视频服务器存储子系统中的分布与放置方式、对磁盘访问请求的调度、单服务器中的缓存及多服务器间协同缓存的管理、接入控制策略、流调度策略等 ,这些因素对视频服务器的性能与吞吐率有着极大的影响 .本文还介绍了一些适用于大规模视频服务系统的性能优化技术 ,如广播、批处理等流调度策略 .在构建视频服务器系统时 ,只有综合考虑这些因素 ,才能真正提高服务器乃至整个视频服务系统的吞吐率 ,并较好地满足客户的 Qo S要求     

I/O issues in a multimedia system

In future computer system design, I/O systems will have to support continuous media such as video and audio, whose system demands are different from those of data such as text. Multimedia computing requires us to focus on designing I/O systems that can handle real-time demands. Video- and audio-stream playback and teleconferencing are real-time applications with different I/O demands. We primarily consider playback applications which require guaranteed real-time I/O throughput. In a multimedia server, different service phases of a real-time request are disk, small computer systems interface (SCSI) bus, and processor scheduling. Additional service might be needed if the request must be satisfied across a local area network. We restrict ourselves to the support provided at the server, with special emphasis on two service phases: disk scheduling and SCSI bus contention. When requests have to be satisfied within deadlines, traditional real-time systems use scheduling algorithms such as earliest deadline first (EDF) and least slack time first. However, EDF makes the assumption that disks are preemptable, and the seek-time overheads of its strict real-time scheduling result in poor disk utilization. We can provide the constant data rate necessary for real-time requests in various ways that require trade-offs. We analyze how trade-offs that involve buffer space affect the performance of scheduling policies. We also show that deferred deadlines, which increase buffer requirements, improve system performance significantly     

A cross-layer TCP enhancement in QoS-aware mobile ad hoc networks

With the increase of multimedia traffic over the Internet, current network protocols are largely concerned with the QoS requirements of delay-sensitive applications. In Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs), the majority of protocols developed to date provide QoS mechanisms by assigning high priority to delay-sensitive applications. While today’s Internet traffic is still dominated by TCP-based applications, the negative effects of the IEEE 802.11e service differentiation scheme on TCP performance in the presence of high priority traffic have not been adequately addressed in the literature. In this paper we first evaluate the performance of TCP in 802.11e MANETs when competing with high priority VoIP traffic. We then propose a novel TCP-friendly scheme, called IEDCA, to improve IEEE 802.11e EDCA mechanism. Our simulation-based performance study demonstrates that our proposed scheme IEDCA not only improves the performance of TCP significantly, it also facilitates the voice traffic transmission.