共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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生物显微切割微操作仪的设计与研制 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
设计了一种能够自动、快速、精确地分离和提取指定细胞群或单个细胞的微操作机器人系统,研制了基于功率超声振动原理的微切割工具(其切割频率在15~50 kHz,振动幅值在0~1 μm可调)和真空吸附式微拾取工具(压力可在0~0.5 MPa精确控制),应用人体肝脏组织5 μm厚病理石蜡切片进行了显微切割的实验。实验结果证明了超声振动式切割工具对组织无伤害,真空吸附工具收集样品有效且整体系统适应于生物工程中微切割操作的实验需求,具有较高的可靠性、稳定性和准确性。 相似文献
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传统对细胞的微细切割方法,极易对细胞造成损害.针对这一问题,设计了一套超声振动微切剖系统.对此系统的超声振动单元结构及原理进行了分析,阐明了应用中的关键技术点--频率选择,并通过实验验证了超声振动对于减小细胞在切剖中的变形和损伤是非常有效的. 相似文献
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将超声振动切割引入生物显微操作领域,提出压电超声振动微切割理论.基于此理论,为满足实际操作中不同显微切割样本对不同切割能量即不同振动频率和振动幅值调整的需求,利用叠堆压电陶瓷作为超声发生装置,研制了面向生物显微操作的微切割工具及其驱动与控制系统.该显微切割工具操作频率0.5~40 kHz,振动输出位移0~2 μm.最后,针对肝脏组织病理切,利用该显微切割工具进行超声振动显微切割实验,获得了较好的切割效果,充分验证了生物组织切片超声振动显微切割可行性.该显微切割工具的研制为生物显微切割操作系统的研究开发提供了技术保证. 相似文献
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外场驱动无缆微型机器人的行走机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出了一种以管道外磁场来驱动控制微型管道机器人行走的方法,基于振动原理实现了微机器人的行走。其特点是采用无缆驱动方式,使机器人可靠性和实用性都得到提高。其原理是通过管外时变振荡磁场频率的改变,借助微机器人磁致伸缩合金微驱动器的磁机耦合作用,将时变振荡磁场能转换成机器人弹性腿的振动机械能;上下弹性腿的刚度系数不同,可将微驱动器的轴向振动转化为机器人的径向振动从而实现机器人的行走。介绍了系统组成及工作原理,对行走机理进行了基础性研究,建立了机器人运动方程。实验表明机器人系统切实可行,实现了微机器人的场外无缆驱动控制。 相似文献
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金刚石线锯切割硬脆材料时具有切缝窄、柔性好等优点而广为应用,通过添加超声振动装置更能显著提高加工效率及降低表面粗糙度。介绍了金刚石线锯超声复合加工系统的具体结构及超声添加方式,分析了横向和纵向两种不同超声激励下线锯的有效切割过程,对金刚石磨粒的切削运动过程进行了分析研究,建立了单颗磨粒去除模型,总结了超声振动对线锯切割加工的影响因素。 相似文献
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钛合金高速旋转超声椭圆振动侧铣削切屑特征和刀具磨损研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
难加工材料钛合金在采用传统铣削方式时,随着切削速度的增加,切削力和切削温度都迅速增加,使得切削条件恶化并加速刀具磨损,从而导致刀具过早失效。将超声椭圆振动加工技术引入到高速铣削中,进行了钛合金高速旋转超声椭圆振动侧铣削试验。从切屑特征以及刀具后刀面磨损两个方面研究了高速超声椭圆振动铣削参数匹配对钛合金加工的影响。首先基于高速超声椭圆振动铣削过程中刀具-工件的运动学特点推导出高速超声椭圆振动铣削加工参数与振动参数间的匹配关系,然后利用本实验室自行研制的超声椭圆振动铣削装置进行了不同参数匹配关系下的验证性切削试验。试验结果表明:合理的参数匹配使得超声椭圆振动铣削在高速条件下依然能够实现分离型断续切削加工。相比普通铣削加工,分离型的高速超声椭圆振动铣削能够获得更加微细的切屑,切削热能够被及时地带走;良好的切削条件使得刀具的后刀面磨损均匀而缓慢,从而延长刀具的使用寿命;高速超声椭圆振动铣削能够有效地提高生产效率。 相似文献
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振动参数对超声椭圆振动切削的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于超声振动切削原理和金属切削原理,利用有限元软件MSC/MARC建立了二维热力耦合正交切削有限元模型,对超声椭圆振动切削45钢的切削机理进行了研究,得到了切削温度及切削力的瞬时变化规律. 相似文献
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Characteristics of chip generation by ultrasonic vibration cutting with extremely low cutting velocity 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Professor Jeong-Du Kim In-Hyu Choi 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》1998,14(1):2-6
Recently, mirror-surface machining of brittle materials such as ferrite, glass, and optical plastics has become more important, as these materials are used in optical communications and precision devices. Non-ferrous metals such as aluminium and copper were readily turned with diamond tools, but as the need for both infra-red and reflective optics escalated, the need to machine brittle materials arose. In this paper, ultrasonic vibration cutting at 20 kHz at extremely low cutting velocity for the precision machining of brittle plastics used for optical lenses is suggested and tested. The mechanism of chip generation, and characteristics of surfaces in the ductile mode, machined by ultrasonic vibration cutting are investigated. As a result, when micro cutting by ultrasonic vibration, it was confirmed that the chips generated by ductile mode cutting are obtained at 1/40 of the critical cutting velocity of the ultrasonic vibration cutting system, which is an extremely low cutting velocity. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to construct visualization system of stress distribution under ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting condition in order to investigate the cutting phenomenon. The vibrating cutting edge is considered to be cause of dynamic change of cutting force at ultrasonic frequency. However, many researchers have explained the effect of ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting by evaluating the time-averaged cutting force, because it is difficult to measure the dynamic cutting force by using dynamometers. In this study, the instantaneous stress distribution on workpiece was visualized by photoelastic method in combination of pulse laser emission synchronized with vibration of cutting edge. Orthogonal cutting test was carried out at low cutting speed relative to vibration speed of insert. A constructed photographic system divided the ultrasonic vibration period of 36.2 μs into 360 points and took one photograph frame at each point. By counting the number of criteria pixels which images the cutting stress, the intermittent cutting condition was evaluated. It was experimentally confirmed that the stress distribution under vibration-assisted condition showed the periodical change synchronized with insert vibration. Because these results are compatible with well-known vibration cutting theories, the imaging system is able to show the periodic change of stress distribution in ultrasonic frequency band. The intermittent cutting condition was affected not only feed speed but also depth of cut. The theory of relative motion between tool and workpiece is insufficient to explain these results. Therefore, remnants formed due to elastic deformation of the workpiece were examined. The vibration cutting dramatically reduced the elastic deformation and the vibration amplitude had effect on the amount of remnant thickness. 相似文献
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钛合金由于其出色的机械性能广泛的应用于航空航天结构组件中。但较低的机械加工性使得钛合金切削速度低,即使在使用先进的切削刀具时,也因切削高温而难以进行高速切削加工。断续切削是一种有效地降低切削温度和改善切削质量的方法,作为典型的断续切削方法,传统超声振动切削(Traditional ultrasonic vibration cutting,UVC)和椭圆超声振动切削(elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutting,EUVC)已取得了显著的加工优势。但振动切削临界速度限制了它们的应用仅在低速切削场合。因此一种新的超声振动切削方法被提出,即高速超声振动切削(High-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting,HUVC),此时刀具的振动方向与进给方向平行。当切削速度远远超过UVC和EUVC方法的临界速度时,刀具和工件依旧可以在一定的条件下实现分离。从而HUVC方法实现了宏观上的高速切削和微观上的断续切削,提升了钛合金的切削加工性。首先,HUVC方法的原理在文中给出,随后通过一系列使用普通切削(Conventional cutting CC)方法和HUVC方法的高速切削Ti-6Al-4V合金的对比试验来验证HUVC方法的可行性。试验结果表明,因刀具磨损的显著下降,HUVC方法的刀具寿命可最大提升300%。此外,相比CC方法,HUVC方法的切削效率可以显著提升90%,切削力最大下降50%并在连续的切削加工过程中获得更佳的表面质量。 相似文献
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Analysis of regenerative chatter suppression with adding the ultrasonic elliptical vibration on the cutting tool 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A method is proposed to suppress regenerative chatter in turning operation, in which the ultrasonic elliptical vibration is added on the cutting tool. It results in the fact that the cutting tool is separated periodically from the chip and the workpiece, and the direction of the frictional force between the rake face of the cutting tool and the chip is reversed in each cycle of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration. The experimental investigations show that the regenerative chatter occurring in ordinary turning operation can be suppressed effectively by applying the ultrasonic elliptical vibration on the cutting tool. In order to clearify the reason of the regenerative chatter suppression, theoretical analysis and computer simulation are performed on turning with ultrasonic vibration. There is a good agreement among the experimental investigations, theoretical analysis and the computer simulation. 相似文献