化学混凝-SBR法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

针对城市填埋场渗滤液的特点，采取了先混凝后生化的处理方法。在混凝试验中确定了适合垃圾渗滤液处理的最佳混凝剂并通过条件试验确定了使用该混凝剂处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明：对垃圾渗滤液采用先混凝后生化的方法是一种经济实用适合我国国情的垃圾渗滤液处理方法，经该工艺处理的垃圾渗滤液各项指标可达国家规定的排放标准。     

城镇生活污水回用技术研究

针对城镇生活污水的具体特点,采取了先混凝后生化的处理方法,在混凝试验中确定了适合生活污水处理的最佳混凝剂,并通过条件试验确定了使用该混凝剂处理生活污水的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明:对生活污水采用先混凝后生化的方法,是一种经济实用、适合我国国情的处理方法。经处理后的城镇生活污水达到回用标准,可用于回用。     

河道生态治理中生态材料的运用分析

在生态环境综合治理的大的背景下,中小河流生态治理工作得到了人们的日益重视.通过对中小河流的生态治理能够实现对被破坏河流环境的重新修复,改善水利工程建设情况,为生态环境的稳定发展提供重要支持.生态材料是河道综合治理工作中的重要关键,文章在阐述生态材料功能和使用原则的基础上,分析水利工程建设对河道治理的综合影响,并就如何更...     

中小河流治理工程设计融入生态理念的思考

本文从我国中小河流的治理现状出发,分析生态理念融入中小河流治理的价值,着力构建完善科学的中小河流生态治理活动体系,达到进一步优化中小河流的治理方法,全面提高中小河流治理质量目标。     

绢纺生产废水的处理工艺研究

主要阐述了绢纺生产废水的处理方法。根据实验室试验结果，首先对汰头废水进行预处理，使用GP－60复合聚硅酸铝铁酸性混凝剂进行破乳混凝后，再与煮茧废水和洗涤废水在调节池混合，最后进行SBR生化处理，即可达排放标准。     

混凝-Fenton试剂氧化联合处理焦化废水的试验研究

针对焦化废水生化处理出水中存在COD、色度和浊度偏高等问题,在综合分析各种焦化废水深度处理方法的基础上,提出Fenton试剂氧化、混凝及联用技术的方法,对生化后废水进行深度处理,确定了合适的Fenton试剂氧化混凝工艺条件.研究结果表明,经联合工艺处理后的焦化废水达到了国家一级排放标准,COD去除率达到88%,色度、浊度去除率达到90%以上,该联合工艺具有良好的应用前景.     

混凝-Fenton氧化法处理制浆造纸厂生化出水的研究

针对制浆造纸废水二级生化处理难以实现达标排放的问题,对比研究了混凝法、Fenton氧化法及混凝-Fenton氧化法作为深度处理技术对其二级生化出水的处理效果,并分析了污泥产量和经济性。结果表明:混凝-Fenton氧化法是较适用于制浆造纸生化出水深度处理的技术,其预处理混凝阶段投加350 mg/L的Al_2(SO_4)_3和0.5 mg/L的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺,并根据混凝出水COD按n(H_2O_2)∶n(COD)∶n(Fe SO4)=2∶1∶1投加H_2O_2和FeSO_4,处理后出水可满足国家排放标准的要求。混凝-Fenton氧化法的污泥产量约为0.85 g/L。     

河流生态修复技术概述

对河流系统及河流生态修复进行了探讨,对不同的河流生态修复技术进行了归类分析。简要介绍了水域生态修复技术:曝气增氧技术、微生物修复技术、水生生物群落恢复技术、生态浮岛技术;河流水岸交错带生态修复技术:河流水陆交错带植被修复技术、河流水陆交错带微生物修复技术、生态护岸技术;河流沿岸带生态修复技术:河流沿岸土壤生态修复技术、河流沿岸植物修复技术等。     

PPC强化混凝与超滤联用处理含藻水的研究

通过试验设计了“二氧化氯催化氧化＋破乳混凝”原水预处理、“二氧化氯催化氧化”三级深度处理工艺。将化学氧化处理技术、破乳混凝技术与生化工艺相结合，该应用技术将前级二氧化氯催化氧化、混凝与现有气浮除油设施有机地结合起来，不仅充分地利用了二氧化氯氧化破乳功能，而且消除了多余二氧化氯及亚氯酸根进入后续生化处理工段的隐患。     

Fenton氧化与混凝耦合法处理有机氯农药废水的研究

研究了Fenton氧化与混凝耦合法处理有机氯农药废水的特性.以COD、色度去除率为指标比较了Fenton氧化、混凝、Fenton氧化与混凝耦合法处理有机氯农药废水的去除效果,也比较了处理后废水的可生化性.从技术角度,上述方法均能作为有机氯农药废水的预处理措施.通过经济分析,选取混凝法作为该废水的预处理措施.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。