EDTA络合法制备Ni-Zn铁氧体及其磁学性质(英文)

以金属硝酸盐为原料,通过乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)络合法制备了尖晶石型Ni1-xZnxFe2O4(x=0.0-0.7)晶体。通过TG-DTA考察了制备过程,采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和VSM等对产物进行了表征,研究了热处理温度和Zn取代量对晶型结构和磁学性质的影响。同传统的固相法相比(1300℃/20h),制备单相Ni-Zn铁氧体所需的焙烧温度降至700℃,焙烧时间缩短至2h。随着Zn取代量的增加,晶胞参数递增,而矫顽力(Hc)和居里温度(Tc)逐渐下降。饱和磁化强度(Ms)随Zn取代量呈先递增至x=0.4后再逐渐下降。在1.5MHz的交变磁场中,所制粒子的感应温度接近设计的居里温度,能够适于感应加热的应用。     

La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_3钙钛矿的制备和催化性能研究

以La、Sr、Co和Fe的硝酸盐为主要原料,采用溶胶凝胶法合成La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_3钙钛矿(简称LSCF),并用LSCF对汽车尾气碳烟颗粒(Soot)催化性能进行研究。结果表明,钙钛矿呈多孔结构,颗粒为球形,分布均匀;随Fe取代Co的量增加,钙钛矿生成量增加、主晶面的间距增加,Fe取代量为0.4~0.8时,有利于钙钛矿的形成;加入钙钛矿催化剂后,Soot燃烧最大速率温度和完全燃烧温度大幅降低,有效提高了对Soot催化效果。     

Ba6-3x(Sm1-yPry)8+2x Ti18O54微波介质陶瓷结构及性能的研究

本文研究了Ｂａ６－３ｘ（Ｓｍ１－ｙＰｒｙ）８＋２ｘＴｉ１８Ｏ５４（ｘ＝０．５,ｙ＝０．０、０．１、０．２）微波介质陶瓷的结构和性能。结果表明,在Ｓｍ－Ｐｒ系中Ｐｒ取代Ｓｍ形成了钨青铜结构的固溶体,随Ｐｒ取代量的增多,晶格常数呈线性增加趋势。最佳烧结温度确定为１４００℃。同时,随Ｐｒ的取代,介电常数得到提高,同时保持了低的损耗,并可以找到ｆ恰为零的最佳成分点。     

Cr掺杂SrTiO3光催化材料中Cr的稳定性

采用固相法制备了不同掺杂量、不同煅烧温度和不同取代位置的Cr掺杂SrTiO3样品,研究了其在不同pH值的溶液中Cr的稳定性。结果表明:即使掺杂量为1%,溶液中还是会有Cr相关的离子存在;溶液中Cr相关离子的浓度,随着掺杂量的增加而增大,随着煅烧温度的升高而减少。Cr在取代Sr位掺杂的样品中比取代Ti位掺杂的样品更稳定。Cr在中性溶液中最稳定,在酸性溶液中是以Cr3+离子存在,在中性和碱性溶液中以Cr2O27-与CrO24-离子存在。     

羧甲基-β-环糊精减水剂的制备与性能

以β-环糊精和氯乙酸为原料,通过亲核取代反应制备了混凝土减水剂羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD),讨论了反应物物质的量比、反应温度和反应时间对CM-β-CD的取代度及应用性能的影响。结果表明,当氯乙酸与β-环糊精物质的量比为6∶1、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为5h时,所得CM-β-CD的取代度最大为0.68。水泥净浆实验表明净浆流动度随着取代度的增加而增加,减水剂的最佳掺量为0.8%,减水率为23.5%。红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振光谱(NMR)检测结果表明β-环糊精和氯乙酸发生了反应。     

Ti取代对MnZn功率铁氧体微结构及磁性能的影响

采用氧化物陶瓷工艺制备了MnZn功率铁氧体,研究亮磁性能的影响,由于Ti4 是非磁性离子,它对磁性离子Mn2 的取代,必将对材料的微结构、磁性能以及居里温度产生影响.结果表明,Ti4 取代Mn2 可提高MnZn铁氧体居里温度,适量的Ti4 取代,有利于提高致密度和起始磁导率,并降低磁损耗.为了得到优良的电磁性能,适宜的Ti4 取代量为0.5mol%.     

高温后方钢管再生混凝土短柱轴压受力性能分析

为研究高温后钢管再生混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能,利用ABAQUS有限元软件对轴压受力性能进行了理论分析和试验验证,对比分析了曾经历的不同温度和不同取代率对荷载-应变全过程曲线的影响,揭示了高温后轴压承载力折减系数的主要影响因素。研究结果表明:随着曾经历温度的升高和取代率的增加,钢管再生混凝土短柱的承载力整体上呈下降趋势,温度在500℃以上对承载力影响较大,而取代率对承载力的影响较小,且随曾经历温度的升高,影响幅度越小;含钢率、钢材屈服强度、核心混凝土抗压强度对高温后的轴压强度系数有显著影响,而取代率没有影响。     

Sn~(4+)取代对NiZn功率铁氧体磁性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备化学计量为Ni0.65Zn0.35SnxFe2-xO4(x=0.00~0.08)的铁氧体软磁材料。采用XRD、SEM、LCR测试仪、B-H分析仪对其结构、电磁性能进行研究。结果表明:随Sn4+取代量x的增加,晶格常数a逐渐增大,晶粒尺寸变化不大,饱和磁通密度Bs逐渐下降,铁氧体的起始磁导率μi先上升后下降,功率损耗Pcv与μi的变化呈相反趋势。当Sn4+的取代量x=0.04时具有最低的功率损耗,且Pcv随着温度的升高而逐渐降低。     

纤维素油酸酯热性能及热降解动力学

利用热重法(TG)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了不同取代度的纤维素油酸酯(CO)在氩气中的热降解及热降解动力学。为确定CO的热降解动力学参数,首先采用Kissinger法计算反应级数n,再利用Coats-Redfern法计算活化能Ea和频率因子A,计算结果适用于起始降解温度(Td)到最大降解速率温度(Tp)附近的温度范围。计算结果表明,CO热降解反应级数n随取代度的增加由2.9(S1)下降为1.4(S3);CO的Td和Tp均随取代度的增加而降低,说明CO的热稳定性随取代度的增加而降低;活化能Ea和频率因子A同样随取代度的增加而降低。     

反应温度和时间对干法制备马来酸酐酯化淀粉性能的影响

采用干法制备马来酸酐酯化淀粉,研究了反应温度和时间对酯化淀粉性能的影响。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)证明了马来酸酐成功酯化到淀粉上。利用化学滴定法、X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析(TGA)对酯化淀粉的取代度、结晶结构、糊化温度和热稳定性进行了分析。结果表明,随着反应温度升高和时间延长,取代度逐渐增大。酯化反应一定程度上破坏了淀粉的结晶结构,随反应温度升高和反应时间延长,结晶度逐渐降低。糊化温度和热稳定性跟酯化淀粉的结晶度密切相关,结晶度降低,糊化温度和热稳定性都逐渐降低。     

烧结工艺对B2O3掺杂Ba1-xSrxTiO3梯度陶瓷介电性能的影响

研究了烧结温度及升温速率对氧化硼(B₂O₃)掺杂钛酸锶钡梯度陶瓷(Ba_1-xSr_xTiO₃,x=0-0.4,步长0.02)的致密化、晶粒尺寸及介电性能的影响.结果表明,随着烧结温度的升高,在氧化硼挥发的同时致密化程度提高,从而居里峰提高且变得尖锐;随着氧化硼含量的增加,晶粒尺寸均匀长大、介电常数和介电损耗都增加;升温速率适中时,掺杂物的挥发、致密化进程及晶粒长大同步完成,梯度陶瓷介电性能才有效提高.此外,钛酸锶钡梯度陶瓷掺杂适量氧化硼明显降低烧结温度,比未掺杂相同成分的陶瓷烧结温度至少降低150℃,且介电损耗明显减小;梯度陶瓷的居里峰温度区间显著展宽,大大降低了该温区的介温系数,可望提高该系列陶瓷元器件精度及稳定性.     

Effect of Particle Size on Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Nanoscale Dy-Doped BiFeO3

In the present report, influence of Dy-substitution and size on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles has been investigated. The synthesis of pure and Dy-doped BiFeO₃ nanoparticles has been done successfully using sol–gel method. Size of Dy-doped BiFeO₃ nanoparticles was tailored by varying the calcination temperature. Structural analysis reveal that substitution of Dy³⁺ leads to a change in structure from rhombohedral (x=0) to orthorhombic (x=0.15). The average crystallite size varies from 6 to 15 nm. Magnetic study reveals the enhancement in magnetization with the doping of Dy³⁺. Further, this value decreases as the particle size increases. Dielectric property improves with the Dy³⁺ substitution. All the nanoparticles display Debye-type relaxation. The low dielectric loss values observed are attributed to the nanosized grains. Remarkably, enhanced saturation magnetization value (13.8 emu/g) and dielectric constant value (95.8) were observed for Dy-doped BiFeO₃ nanoparticles having the smallest particle size. Thereby, the study indicates strong correlation between size and multiferroism.     

Y元素对Sr_(0.5)Ba_(0.5-y)Y_yTiO_3薄膜结构与性能影响的研究

为了研究掺杂BarSr1-xTiO3介电薄膜材料的性能,采用阻抗分析仅等测试方法研究了微量元素钇对Sr0.5Ba0.5-yYyTiO3薄膜介电性能的影响。当Y元素的掺量为0-0.030mol时,相对介电常数εr和tanδ分别为74.2和0.067;最大介电常数温度点Tm(居里温度点)逐渐移向低温;在所测试频率范围内,Y元素的掺量为0.010、0.0150mol(Y2、Y3)时,εr、tanδ均能表现出较好的频散特性。采用XRD、TEM等测试方法分析了薄膜的结构特征。薄膜的矿物组成为四方钙钛矿结构,但Y的溶入改变了晶胞参数的c/a比,减小了薄膜的颗粒尺寸,提高了薄膜的致密度;晶粒的生长为取向一致和无取向生长两种方式。     

Crystal structure and dielectric properties of La3+ substituted Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30 ceramics

The effects of La³⁺ partial substitution for Ba²⁺ on crystal structure and dielectric properties were investigated for modification of Ba₅LaTi₃Ta₇O₃₀ ceramics. When the substitution x > 0.6, the sintering temperature obviously decreased. Superstructure peaks were observed for more La³⁺ substitution (x ≥ 2.4). The stability of the tetragonal tungsten bronze phase was discussed with electronegativity difference and tolerance factor. Lattice parameters decreased at first, and then slightly increased; while axial ratio decreased with increasing La content. Dielectric constant slightly increased when x < 1.2, then gradually declined with the increase of La substitutions for Ba. Dielectric loss was very low except x = 2.4. Temperature coefficient of dielectric constant (at 1 MHz) was remarkably improved. The variation of dielectric properties was discussed from the change of crystal structure as well as the effects of vacancies at A-sites and superstructure.     

Urea-ZnCl2离子液体中电沉积Zn-Ti合金

本文研究了TiCl4对Urea-ZnCl2离子液体体系电化学行为的影响。结果表明：TiCl4的加入能够提高Urea-ZnCl2离子液体的电导率,促进钛以Zn-Ti合金的形式沉积。在铜基体上进行恒电位沉积,可获得均匀致密的Zn-Ti合金层,且晶粒尺寸随沉积温度的升高而增大。     

Effects of ZnO and CeO2 additions on the microstructure and dielectric properties of Mn-modified (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.88Ca0.12TiO3 ceramics

The effects of ZnO and CeO₂ on the microstructure and dielectric temperature characteristics of the Mn-modified (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.88Ca_0.12TiO₃ ceramics were investigated to develop temperature-stable dielectric ceramics. By adding 1–2 wt% ZnO, the overall dielectric constant increased. With further increasing the amount of ZnO, the dielectric constant at temperatures lower than 25 °C decreased, whereas the dielectric constant at temperatures higher than 75 °C increased. The temperature characteristic of capacitance became flatter when more than 4 wt% ZnO was doped. By adding CeO₂, the dielectric constant decreased and a flat temperature characteristic of permittivity was obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the perovskite BNT phase formed for all the compositions and the secondary phases Zn₂TiO₄ and Bi₂Ti₂O₇ occurred, respectively when ZnO and CeO₂ was added. Scanning electron microscope indicated that an inhomogeneous microstructure comprising fine and rectangle grains was observed in the ZnO-free sample. ZnO less than 2 wt% could inhibit the grain growth and decrease long grains. However, the grain growth was promoted as more than 8 wt% ZnO was added. The dielectric loss with different contents of ZnO and CeO₂ were characterized as the function of temperatures for potential use at high temperature. The dielectric loss at 25 °C was independent of the amounts of ZnO and CeO₂. However, the dielectric loss at 250 °C decreased by adding 1 wt% ZnO and then increased with increasing ZnO. This system is considered to be a potential material for high-temperature capacitors.     

Dielectric Properties of Porous Reaction-boned Si3N4 Ceramics with Controlled Porosity and Pore Size

This paper presents the microwave dielectric properties of reaction bonded porous silicon nitride ceramics with variant porosity and pore size, which were prepared by adding pore-forming agent grains into the silicon powders. The experimental results show that the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the samples reduce evidently with increasing porosity in the sample. When the porosity is constant, the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the ceramics decrease visibly as the pore size increases. Among all the obtained samples, the minimum dielectric constant is about 2.4.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备立方焦绿石结构的Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7薄膜

采用固相反应法合成具有焦绿石立方结构的Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7(BZN)陶瓷靶材,采用脉冲激光沉积法在Pt/SiO2/Si(100)基片制备立方BZN薄膜。研究了随衬底温度的变化,薄膜的结晶性能,微观形貌以及介电性能的差异。结果表明当衬底温度在550~650℃时,薄膜具有纯的立方BZN结构,并且在600℃时薄膜的晶粒发育比较完整,此时薄膜具有较高的介电常数和较低的损耗。     

Effect of Ti and Zn Doping on the Structural,Electric, and Magnetic Properties of GaFeO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

Multidoped (Zn,Ti) gallium orthoferrite [GaFeO₃ and Ga_0.98Zn_0.02Fe_0.98Ti_0.02O₃] ceramic was synthesized through a solid-state reaction. X-ray analysis of the prepared material provides its basic crystal data of a single-phase orthorhombic system. The scattered crystallite size and lattice strain of the material were estimated. Analysis of the micrograph of field emission scanning electron microscope shows uniform grain distribution in the sample, suggesting the formation of good quality of sample. Founded on the magnetic measurements, it is concluded that (Zn,Ti)-modified gallium ferrite has provided a reduction in the Curie temperature (T_C); however, no significant changes in the magnetization values with Zn and Ti integration in GaFeO₃ lattice. A noteworthy effect of substitution of multiple elements at the Ga and Fe sites on dielectric constant and tangent loss of GaFeO₃ has been observed. Complete studies of temperature (180–400 K) and frequency (10–10⁷ Hz) dependence of dielectric constant and impedance have provided the effect of grains and grain boundaries on the conduction mechanism and dielectric relaxation of the material.     

Aliovalent-ion and magnetic field induced phase transition in multiferroic biFe(1-x)Ti(x)O3 system

Multiferroic compounds with general formula BiFe(1-x)Ti(x)O3 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.35) have been synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method. The effect of Ti substitution on ferroelectric and magnetic properties is studied. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, a rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase transition for x > 0.3 was observed. From SQUID measurements, a magnetic field induced phase transition has been observed in the BiFe(1-x)T(x)O3 system for x = 0.3. An anomaly in dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the vicinity of antiferromagnetic Néel temperature (T(N)) and a small enhancement in magnetization have been observed. Magnetization measurements above room temperature showed no systematic variation in antiferromagnetic Néel temperatures on Ti substitution. Further it is seen that this system shows the coupling between electric and magnetic dipoles exhibiting magnetoelectric (ME) effect at room temperature and possess high dielectric constant.