以萘酚绿B为媒介体的银溶胶-葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器的研究

用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)和纳米银固定于铂丝电极上并采用萘酚绿B作为电子媒介制得了新型葡萄糖酶生物传感器。实验发现,吸附在纳米银表面上的酶稳定且保持生物活性,电子媒介体与纳米银结合显著提高了该传感器的灵敏度。讨论了溶解性媒介体萘酚绿的浓度、溶液的pH值和温度对该电极电流响应的影响。该传感器在优化的实验条件下,对葡萄糖表现出良好的响应特性,如响应快、重现性和稳定性好,传感器线性范围为1.0×10-3~4.0×10-2mol/L,检出限为3.0×10-4mol/L。抗坏血酸、尿酸等对测定均无干扰。     

纳米CdS∶Cu双酶膜葡萄糖生物传感器

将纳米CdS∶Cu颗粒加入到葡萄糖酶(GOD)和辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)双酶膜中,与导电聚合物聚邻苯二胺(PoPD)经电化学聚合反应而固定此两酶,制备了电流型纳米CdS∶Cu颗粒双酶膜葡萄糖生物传感器,分析了CdS∶Cu纳米颗粒对传感器电流响应的影响,进行了传感器的性能测定。实验表明,引入CdS∶Cu纳米粒子和PoPD后可显著改进传感器响应性能,线性范围为0.55~9.2 mmol/L,检测下限为0.55 mmol/L,响应时间为20 s。稳定工作215天,传感器活性指标无显著变化,且抗干扰性强。     

直接电沉积法制备纳米银修饰丝网印刷电极及其对H2O2电催化性能的研究

采用直接电沉积法制备了纳米银修饰丝网印刷电极,利用扫描电子显微镜对电极表面纳米银颗粒进行了表征。实验结果表明,电极表面纳米银颗粒的尺寸和覆盖度随电沉积的时间而增加。研究了修饰电极的电化学性质,该电极对H2O2的电还原过程具有明显的催化作用。通过测量该还原电流,可以实现对10—3mmol／L范围内的H2O2进行测定。     

Pt纳米粒子/ZnO纳米管修饰的钛片葡萄糖传感器

基于钛片载Pt纳米颗粒修饰的ZnO纳米管电极制备了葡萄糖生物传感器。用电化学沉积法制备了ZnO纳米棒阵列,并用化学腐蚀法制备了ZnO纳米管。Pt纳米颗粒采用恒电位沉积法修饰在ZnO纳米管表面。用扫描电子显微镜和X-射线衍射表征了纳米Pt-ZnO/Ti修饰电极。该修饰电极在0.05 M的NaOH中对葡萄糖的催化氧化表现出很好的响应,线性范围为1×10-5～1×10-2mol/L,响应时间小于4 s,并且具有良好的重现性。     

基于聚吡咯附载纳米铜葡萄糖传感器的研制

选用掺杂对甲基苯磺酸聚吡咯膜附载纳米铜制得了葡萄糖传感器。在硫酸铜-硫酸-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)溶液中于-0.1 V,时间600 s,电沉积一层纳米铜于聚吡咯膜上。根据纳米铜对葡萄糖存在的电催化活性和聚吡咯传递电子作用,使电极产生电流响应。由电极的循环伏安图(CV)对比,说明纳米铜对葡萄糖的测定有很好的增敏效果。该传感器对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为5.0×10-5～4.0×10-3mol.L-1,校正曲线的斜率为0.9952,检出限为1.0×10-5mol.L-1。     

一种基于多层金纳米颗粒的铵离子电化学传感器的研究

研究了使用通过硫醇化学连接在金电极表面上的金纳米颗粒(AuNP)的多层以制备基于丙氨酸脱氢酶(AlaDH)的铵(NH_4~+)离子生物传感器。在没有AuNP的情况下,尽管观察到电流响应较高,NH_4~+离子生物传感器没有表现出任何良好的线性响应范围。这项工作表明,加入AuNPs可以导致更高的NH_4~+离子浓度的检测,而不需要稀释高NH_4~+离子浓度样品,反应速度快。     

金纳米颗粒增强一次性使用葡萄糖传感器的响应性能

为了提高一次性使用葡萄糖传感器响应灵敏度,降低工作电压,研究了加入金纳米颗粒的一次性使用电化学葡萄糖传感器的响应性能。采用水溶性高分子材料聚丙烯酰胺包埋葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)制备酶电极,研究了聚丙烯酰胺溶液浓度、纳米颗粒加入以及加入量等对电极响应的影响。结果表明引入纳米粒子可显著增强葡萄糖传感器的响应灵敏度,明显缩短传感器的响应时间(<20s),降低传感器的工作电压(<0.4V)。     

油基-银纳米流体的制备及稳定性研究

采用化学还原法在由硝酸银水溶液、油酸、二乙胺构成的反应体系中制备油酸包裹的单分散纳米银颗粒,表面改性的纳米银颗粒在非极性有机溶剂中极易分散制成纳米流体。利用透射电镜(TEM)、粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)和紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)等对所得产物进行了表征。油酸分子的羧基端通过O与纳米银核发生一定的相互作用,牢牢地包裹在银核外层,使得其另一亲油端,即较长的碳链朝向外部,形成了一层保护膜,有效阻止纳米银间的团聚。50℃制备的表面改性的纳米银粒径均匀,平均粒径6.8 nm。采用紫外-可见光谱法测定纳米流体的热稳定性,结果表明,表面改性的纳米银分散在正庚烷中形成的纳米流体在120℃稳定时间超过14 h。     

油基-银纳米流体的制备及稳定性研究?

采用化学还原法在由硝酸银水溶液、油酸、二乙胺构成的反应体系中制备油酸包裹的单分散纳米银颗粒,表面改性的纳米银颗粒在非极性有机溶剂中极易分散制成纳米流体。利用透射电镜(TEM)、粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)和紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)等对所得产物进行了表征。油酸分子的羧基端通过O与纳米银核发生一定的相互作用,牢牢地包裹在银核外层,使得其另一亲油端,即较长的碳链朝向外部,形成了一层保护膜,有效阻止纳米银间的团聚。50℃制备的表面改性的纳米银粒径均匀,平均粒径6.8 nm。采用紫外-可见光谱法测定纳米流体的热稳定性,结果表明,表面改性的纳米银分散在正庚烷中形成的纳米流体在120℃稳定时间超过14 h。     

生物纳米银稳定性及抗菌性能研究

采用生物还原法制备生物纳米银(Bio-Ag~0),以透射电子显微镜和紫外-可见吸收光谱对生物纳米银形貌及在水中的稳定分散性进行表征。结果表明,所得生物纳米银颗粒形貌近球形,粒径小于10 nm,相比化学纳米银(Chem-Ag~0),在水溶液中有更强的稳定分散性。以典型革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌为研究对象,对生物纳米银(Bio-Ag~0)和化学纳米银(ChemAg~0)的抗菌性能进行比较,结果表明,Bio-Ag~0对测试细菌表现出更强的抗菌性。     

含超细Au颗粒的乳酸氧化酶和葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器

制备了小于10 nm的金颗粒，并利用其进行固定化葡萄糖氧化酶和乳酸氧化酶的研究. 实验发现，金纳米颗粒可以大幅度提高葡萄糖氧化酶电极和乳酸氧化酶电极的电流响应，响应电流从相应浓度的几十纳安增强到几千纳安. 探讨了金纳米颗粒在固定化酶中所起的作用.     

Synthesis of 3D Silver-Graphene-Titanium Dioxide Composite via Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis for Sensitive Glucose Biosensor

A sensitive glucose biosensor was developed based on the adsorption of glucose oxidase by a three-dimensional silver-graphene-titanium dioxide (3D Ag-GR-TiO₂) composite electrode. Aerosol spray pyrolysis was employed to synthesize the 3D Ag-GR-TiO₂ composite using a colloidal mixture of a silver acetate precursor (C₂H₃AgO₂), graphene oxide, and TiO₂ nanoparticles. The effects of the operating temperature, gas flowrate, and TiO₂ concentration on the particle properties were investigated. The particle morphology of all 3D Ag-GR-TiO₂ composites was spherical in shape. The average sizes of composites could be controlled from 0.45 to 0.64 μm with the variation of process variables. Ag nanoparticles less than 10 nm in diameter were deposited on the surfaces of the TiO₂ nanoparticles and GR after a reduction process. The characteristics of the glucose biosensor fabricated with the as-prepared 3D Ag-GR-TiO₂ composite were assessed through cyclic voltammetry measurements. The biosensor exhibited a high current flow as well as clear redox peaks, resulting in a superior ability of the catalyst in terms of the electrochemical reactions. The highest sensitivity of glucose biosensor was obtained by 3D Ag-GR-TiO₂ composite, which was 12.2 μA/mM·cm², among 3D Ag-GR-TiO₂, 3D Ag-GR, and 3D GR-TiO₂ composites.

Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research     

Electrochemical oxidation of glucose on silver nanoparticle-modified composite electrodes

Silver nanoparticle-modified composite electrodes were prepared by electroless forming silver nanoparticles in carbon black dispersed electroless silver plating solution, and then incorporating the silver nanoparticle/carbon black mixture in a polystyrene matrix. The electrooxidation of glucose in 0.1 M NaOH was studied by using cyclic voltammetry. The electrode has surface-confined nanoparicles showing effective catalytic behavior in the studies of glucose oxidation. It showed stepwise electrocatalytic oxidation behavior clearly without suppression by high background redox current caused by inner layer silver of disk-type silver electrodes. Initially the glucose was catalytically oxidized by AgO, and then the reaction glucose oxidation intermediates with Ag₂O were followed stepwisely. Based on the cyclic voltammetric results, pulsed amperometric detection parameters for flow injection analysis were optimized for sensitive detection of glucose.     

Amperometric glucose biosensor based on immobilization of glucose oxidase in electropolymerized o-aminophenol film at Prussian blue-modified platinum electrode

An amperometric glucose biosensor is developed, based on immobilization of glucose oxidase (GO_X) in an electrochemically polymerized, non-conducting poly(o-aminophenol) (POAP) film at Prussian blue (PB)-modified platinum (Pt) microelectrode. Effects of polymerization cycle number for POAP and PB, applied potential used in the determination, pH value of the detection solution and electroactive compounds on the amperometric response of the sensor were investigated and discussed. The electroactive property and rough surface of PB film result in the improvement of the detection limit and the increase of the maximum response current and sensitivity. The biosensor based on Pt/PB/POAP/GO_X electrode has two times lower detection limit, five times larger maximum current and nine times higher sensitivity than those of the biosensor based on Pt/POAP/GO_X electrode. Additionally, the biosensor shows fast response time, large response current, and good anti-interferent ability for l-ascorbic acid, uric acid and acetaminophen. Excellent reproducibility and stability of biosensor are also observed.     

Amperometric glucose biosensor prepared with biocompatible material and carbon nanotube by layer-by-layer self-assembly technique

Prussian Blue (PB) based glucose biosensor was prepared by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOD) in layer-by-layer (LBL) films with chitosan (Chi) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). With the increasing of Chi/MWNTs/GOD layers, the response current to glucose was changed regularly and reached a maximum value when the number of layer was six. At the optimized condition, the biosensor exhibits excellent response performance to glucose with a linear range from 1 to 7 mM and a low detection limit of 0.05 mM. The biosensor also shows a high sensitivity of 8.017 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻², which is attributed to the biocompatible nature of the LBL films. Furthermore, the biosensor shows rapid response, good reproducibility, long-term stability and freedom of interference from other co-existing electroactive species such as ascorbic acid and acetaminophen.     

反胶束法制备纳米氧化锌及其在葡萄糖生物传感器中的应用

采用琥珀酸-2-乙基己基磺酸钠/环己烷反胶束体系制备纳米ZnO,并以此ZnO为载体固定葡萄糖氧化酶,用戊二醛交联制作成葡萄糖氧化酶电极. 实验结果表明,此酶电极表现出对葡萄糖溶液浓度的优良响应,线性范围在1′10-5~3′10-3 mol/L,响应灵敏度约为6 mA/(cm2×mmol/L),表观米氏常数为2.57 mmol/L. 还研究了温度和溶液pH值对电极电流响应的影响.     

Low potential detection of glucose at carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode with electropolymerized poly(toluidine blue O) film

A mediator glucose biosensor has been constructed by immobilizing glucose oxidase at electropolymerized poly(toluidine blue O) film on carbon nanotube modified glass carbon electrode. The toluidine blue O moieties served as redox mediators for enzymatic glucose oxidation and as polymeric network to maintain the biosensor activity. Great enhancement in current response was observed for the glucose biosensor. The detection potential could be decreased to −0.1 V (versus Ag|AgCl), where common interferences such as ascorbic acid, uric acid and acetamidophenol were not oxidized to cause interferences. The amperometric glucose biosensor offered a sensitivity of 14.5 mA M⁻¹ cm⁻² for the linear range of 1-7 mM.     

Synthesis of graphene decorated with silver nanoparticles by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions with glucose

A green and efficient approach for the synthesis of graphene decorated with silver nanoparticles is demonstrated by simultaneously reducing both graphene oxide (GO) sheets and silver ions with glucose as the reducing agent and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) as the surface modifier. Different silver-containing materials are obtained by changing the synthesis temperature. The oxygen-containing groups of the substrate influence its decoration with the in situ formed silver nanoparticles. The combination of glucose and a silver–ammonia solution, as well as maintaining a good dispersion of GO by using PVP are crucial for the decoration of graphene with silver nanoparticles. The materials exhibit a distinct surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect.     

Preparation and sensor properties of poly (o-toluidine) film

Summary An amperometric biosensor for glucose was constructed in a one-step procedure by the electropolymerization of o-toluidine in the presence of glucose oxidase on Pt substrates in KCl aqueous electrolyte at a potential of 0.5 V vs Ag / AgCl. The amperometric responses of the prepared polymeric biosensor to the glucose were measured at a potential of 0.7 V in PBS solution. Results showed that this polymeric sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response time (4–5 s) and a linear range up to 6 mM glucose with poor stability. Also, it was seen that biosensor responded successfully to glucose injections in the presence of some interfering species such as lactose, sucrose and urea. Received: 27 January 1999/Revised version: 18 May 1999/Accepted: 18 May 1999     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose on Gold Nanocomposite Electrodes

The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on gold nanocomposite electrodes was investigated with cyclic voltammetry. The gold nanocomposite electrodes were prepared by precipitating gold nanoparticles of different sizes from the corresponding colloidal solutions onto planar substrates, and the electrodes exhibited higher catalytic activity for the oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution with a negative shift in oxidation potential and a larger current as compared with bare gold electrodes. The high catalytic activity of the gold nanocomposite electrodes also resulted in easy oxidation of gluconolactone produced in the reaction. The modification of the gold nanocomposite electrodes with silver underpotential deposition led to a further negative shift in potential but a drop in current for the glucose oxidation.