聚氨酯的回收再利用

综述了废旧聚氨酯（PU）材料的材料回收、化学回收和热能回收三种方法,主要介绍了材料回收方法、化学回收利用方法和能量回收方法的研究状况及其应用,并对各种回收方法的优缺点做了简单的讨论。     

多晶硅装置尾气回收工艺研究进展

综述了改良西门子法多晶硅制备工艺及尾气回收研究现状,从回收率、回收效果及能耗等方面阐述了湿法回收、膜分离回收和干法回收3种尾气回收工艺。重点概述了多晶硅尾气干法回收工艺各个单元的研究进展,并根据现状总结了未来的研究方向。     

国内外废旧纺织品回收利用现状

阐述了废旧纺织品回收的必要性和重要性,列举了废旧纺织品的来源和去向,探讨了回收后常见的处理方法及其特点。从回收政策、回收机构分布和回收渠道三个方面分析了国内外废旧纺织品的回收利用现状。最后,指出了废旧纺织品回收存在的不足,并给出了改进措施,为我国废旧纺织品的回收利用提供了参考。     

聚酯废料回收制造再生纤维

介绍了聚酯废料的来源及回收情况 ,重点阐述了世界出现的回收技术及其产品应用 ,探讨了聚酯废料回收工艺及纺丝工艺 ,并就我国回收聚酯的现状提出了应综合考虑回收方法的成本及工业可行性 ,采取适宜的回收工艺。     

废旧线路板中塑料的回收及利用

总结了废旧线路板中塑料的回收处置方法和废旧线路板中塑料的回收利用现状。重点介绍了废旧线路板中塑料的物理回收法、热解回收法和溶液回收法,在综合比较废旧线路板中塑料回收利用的各种方法的基础上展望了废旧线路板中塑料回收利用的发展趋势。     

用活性炭回收挥发性有机溶剂的研究进展

简要介绍了挥发性有机溶剂的危害、回收意义和常见的回收技术。重点阐述了用活性炭回收挥发性有机溶剂的技术,就最常见的汽油回收炭、丙酮回收炭、丁酮回收炭为例,阐述了活性炭在溶剂回收方面的研究进展。     

废旧锂离子动力电池回收：从基础研究到产业化

废旧锂离子动力电池回收对解决环境污染以及资源短缺问题具有重要意义。本文基于回收技术和回收市场两个方面,从基础研究到产业化概述了废旧锂离子动力电池回收技术及发展趋势,总结了新型回收技术研究进展,结合国内外废旧电池回收政策,详细分析了我国当前废旧电池回收市场现状及产业化问题,并提出了相应的可行性解决方案。     

复合材料废弃物回收技术发展

介绍了国内外复合材料废弃物的回收再利用方法,即化学回收、能量回收及物理回收。重点论述了流化床技术、热裂解技术和溶剂解离回收技术的化学回收工艺流程和研究现状。指出在国家政策指引下,应大力发展能耗小、回收率高的复合材料废弃物工业化回收工艺,实现废弃物的资源化回收利用。     

废旧塑料回收技术的研究进展

综述了废旧塑料回收技术的发展概况,重点关注机械回收和化学回收;介绍了废旧塑料的分选技术,机械回收处理混合塑料的解决方案,以及化学回收的研究进展;分析了机械回收与化学回收的优势和局限性,并展望了废旧塑料回收的研究方向。今后的研究重点是更有效的分选装置,更通用的增容方案,以及更高效的催化剂和加热方式。     

聚合回收系统运行异常的原因及优化改造措施

阐述了聚氯乙烯回收系统运行过程中出现的诸多问题(如回收管线内自聚、回收系统气相氯乙烯形成液相、回收旋风分离器堵塞),分析了回收管线内出现自聚的原因,并制定了管控措施。通过进一步优化改进,提高了回收系统的利用率和稳定性,降低了安全风险。     

Crack Healing and Strength Recovery in UO2

The kinetics of the final stages of crack healing and strength recovery are formulated from a simple mechanistic point of view. Experimental verification is obtained from literature data and from healing data on notched UO₂ bars with small cracks introduced by local thermal shock at the notch. The analysis indicates that the initial strength recovery resulting from crack healing is apparently controlled by pinching off of the crack and by some sintering of crack-like pores (termed stage 1 of healing). At a later stage, however, strength recovery is controlled only by the sintering of crack-like pores through a diffusional process (termed stage 2). "Crack-healing diagrams" that can be used to predict the stages of healing and the time required for complete strength recovery are developed from the experimental data. The information obtained from these diagrams can be used in the kinetic equation for stage 2 healing to estimate the strength recovery at that stage.     

钯/活性炭催化剂中贵金属钯的回收

研究了废钯/活性炭催化剂中金属钯的回收。将废钯/活性炭催化剂用高温焙烧的方法除去其中大部分炭,钯渣用甲酸还原后用王水浸出。考察了焙烧、还原及浸出条件对钯回收率的影响,得到的氯化钯回收率95%,纯度99%。     

Melt Rheological and Thermoresponsive Shape Memory Properties of HDPE/PA6/POE-g-MAH Blends

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/nylon6 (PA6) blends were prepared by means of melt extrusion and using ethylene – octane copolymer graft maleic anhydride (POE-g-MAH) as a reactive compatibilizer. Phase morphology, rheological and thermoresponsive shape memory properties of the blends had been studied. The results showed that addition of POE-g-MAH could increase compatibility and phase-interfacial adhesion between HDPE and PA6, decrease the temperature sensitivity of the melt, improve the shape memory property and processability of HDPE/PA6 blends. The shape recovery rate of HDPE/PA6/POE-g-MAH (80/20/10) blend is 96.5% when the stretch ratio is 75% and optimal shape recovery response temperature is 135°C.     

240 kt/a硫磺回收装置运行探讨

介绍中海油惠州石化有限公司240 kt/a硫磺回收装置工艺流程、开工及标定情况,对其运行过程中存在的问题进行了分析并提出了解决方案.通过优化胺液吸收再生操作、采用液硫密闭收集、将S Zorb再生烟气引入一系列硫磺回收装置尾气加氢反应器等措施后,240 kt/a硫磺回收装置总硫转化率大于97.8%,排放气体ρ(SO2)小于100 mg/m^3.     

Filta-Max法测定水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫

建立水源水、生活饮用水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的分析方法。采用Filta-Max法过滤、淘洗、浓缩、免疫磁珠分离、免疫荧光分析和微分干涉镜检等技术进行分析检测。该方法的初始回收率及精度、过程加标回收率和本底加标回收率及精度符合美国EPA1623方法质控要求,孢囊和卵囊的过程加标回收率可分别达到47%和46%。该方法适用于水源水、生活饮用水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的测定。     

可见光光催化剂的研究进展

综述TiO_2、改性TiO_2光催化剂和非TiO_2体系光催化剂在可见光催化领域的研究进展,概述了光催化剂的光催化原理和应用方向,针对可见光光催化剂发展现状中存在的量子效率和可见光利用率低、且回收难等问题进行阐述,并指出制备组成可控、形貌可控、易于回收利用且可见光利用率高的新型光催化剂是研究首要方向。     

7 kt/a五氧化二磷生产装置

四川七化建化工工程有限公司自主研发了7kt／a五氧化二磷生产新工艺,其特点是自动压磷,并回收利用了热能。介绍该工艺的生产过程、产品质量指标,以及试产运行情况。72h试产情况表明,产量超出设计能力的15％左右;产品质量达标,w（P2O5）稳定在98．11％～98-36％;回收化学热能产蒸汽量3．77t,h,年节约标煤2590t。     

采用回质回热的活性炭-氨吸附制冷循环性能

回质是改善吸附循环性能的重要手段 ,回质过程大幅度提高了每循环单位质量吸附剂的制冷量 ;根据工况的不同 ,回质过程有可能在一定范围内提高或降低系统的性能系数 ;回质过程对循环的作用对金属及流体热容变化不敏感 ;回质回热复合循环具有较高的性能系数     

Radiation-Induced Creep of UO2

In-reactor creep tests were performed on stoichiometric UO₂ helices enriched with 1.82%²³⁵U at fission rates of 2×10¹² to 1.5×10¹³ fissions/cm³-s and outer-fiber shear stresses of 2890 and 2090 psi. Depending on the test procedure, the initial creep transient either decelerated continuously or was of the sigmoidal type; this difference is rationalized in terms of the radiation-produced substructure. For constant substructure, however, strain rate was linearly proportional to fission rate. Strain recovery was also observed when the specimens were unloaded and then irradiated. Postirradiation creep tests conducted at zero fission rate showed that fission events are required for either creep or strain recovery to occur. Incremental-temperature-change experiments and normalized strain-rate-vs-temperature plots verified that the deformation was athermal at T ≤200°C. Postirradiation examination showed that 0.01% strain was recovered after a specimen was fractured and irradiated, but no measurable swelling, changes in density, grain size, or stoichiometry had occurred. No evidence of microfracture was observed on ceramographic sections. A model for radiation-induced creep is proposed in which Frank loops and dislocations absorb interstitials produced locally by the fission spike and move with the aid of the localized thermal energy of the spike.     

Kinetics of Self-Crack-Healing of Alumina/Silicon Carbide Composite Including Oxygen Partial Pressure Effect

Self-crack-healing behavior under a combustion gas atmosphere with a low oxygen partial pressure ,     , is important for actualizing ceramic gas turbines, but to date only self-crack-healing behavior in air has been investigated. In this study, we investigated crack-healing behaviors at 1273–1773 K under several levels of     . Crack-healing in atmospheres with     gave rise to the complete strength recovery of cracked specimens, resulting from passive oxidation. Based on the obtained results, the kinetics for strength recovery by self-crack-healing was expressed as a function of healing temperature, T _H (K), and     (Pa). The strength recovery rate for complete crack-healing, v _H (s⁻¹), could be expressed as Using this rate equation, one can evaluate the healing time for complete strength recovery under combustion gas in a gas turbine.