复合酶制剂在玉米原料酒精发酵中的应用

研究了复合酶制剂在玉米原料酒精发酵中的应用,经优化后木聚糖酶、纤维素酶和酸性蛋白酶最适添加量为:木聚糖酶170 U/g原料、纤维素酶16 U/g原料、酸性蛋白酶14 U/g原料,料水比为1∶2.5,发酵培养基初始p H5.5,3种酶制剂的最优添加时间为:木聚糖酶、酸性蛋白酶糖化前添加,纤维素酶发酵前添加。此时,原料出酒率达到44.54%,发酵周期缩短12 h。     

青霉菌Y3固态发酵产酶条件的研究

筛选了一株高产木聚糖酶及纤维素酶的青霉菌 (Penicilliumemersonii)Y3 菌株 ,研究了其在固体培养基中的发酵条件。该菌株的最佳培养条件为 :起始pH值为 4 .6 ,发酵温度为 2 9℃ ,每 1g固体培养基中接种量为 1ml孢子悬液 (孢子悬液的浓度为 2 .5× 10 7个 (孢子 ) /ml) ,玉米芯与麦麸比为 7∶3,尿素为氮源 ,发酵 3d。木聚糖酶活力可达 4 2 36U/g ,纤维素酶活力可达 1895U/g。粗酶的最适反应温度为 5 0℃ ,pH值为 5 .0 ,热稳定性在 5 0℃以下。     

地衣芽孢杆菌在麸曲中产中性蛋白酶发酵工艺条件的研究

对地衣芽孢杆菌在细菌麸曲培养过程中的最佳培养基和最佳培养条件进行了研究。结果表明,地衣芽孢杆菌麸曲产中性蛋白酶的最佳培养基为:玉米粉8g/L,黄豆粉2g/L,麸皮10g/L;最佳培养条件为:温度40℃,pH7.0,接种量10%,培养60h时,产中性蛋白酶活力达到最大,为192U/mL。     

绿色市霉产纤维素酶发酵条件的研究

采用绿色木霉AS3.3711作为纤维素酶的生产菌株,对其发酵条件进行了研究.通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了该菌株摇瓶发酵产纤维素酶的最佳培养基和最佳培养条件.最佳培养基组成为:麸皮4%和玉米粉3%、(NH4)2S04 0.1%、KH2 PO4 0.2%、吐温-80 0.1%;最佳培养条件为:发酵培养温度28℃,接种量10%(孢子悬液.孢子浓度5×lO8/mL),发酵周期72h.纤维素酶活力可达到12.56U/mL.     

响应面法优化厌氧细菌产纤维素酶发酵培养基

通过单因素试验确定了厌氧纤维素降解细菌—溶纤维丁酸弧菌WHQ产纤维素酶的最佳培养条件,结果表明,最适产酶条件为培养时间48h,接种量10％,初始pH值8.5,温度37℃.在此基础上,应用响应面法优化该菌株产纤维素酶培养基.在初期研究中,葡萄糖和尿素确定为最佳的碳氮源,利用Plackett-Burman设计从10种培养基成分中筛选出对WHQ产内切纤维素酶有重要性的因素,结果表明葡萄糖、NaHCO,和MgSO4·7H2O对WHQ产内切纤维素酶有重要影响,利用Box-Behnken设计研究这3种因素对WHQ产内切纤维素酶的综合效应,结果表明3种因素的最佳值为MgSO4·7H2O 0.14g/L、葡萄糖14.3g/L、NaHCO3 6.92g/L,此时的内切酶酶活力最大值为206.548μg/(mL.min),与实验值相接近199.324μg/(mL·min),比未优化前的内切纤维素酶活力71.254μg/(mL·min)提高179％.     

一株酒曲耐高温芽孢菌的功能特性及产酯酶条件研究

以55℃培养条件下筛选的1株酒曲耐高温产酯酶芽孢菌为供试菌种,采用选择培养基和产酶培养基,分别在30℃和55℃条件下进行培养和摇床发酵,观察透明圈并测定产淀粉酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶及酯化酶的活力;选择不同碳源、氮源、初始p H、表面活性剂、金属离子为影响因素,采用单因子试验和正交试验方法,30℃培养条件下研究其产酯酶的最适条件。结果表明:该菌株具有产淀粉酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶的特性,且在30℃条件下产酯酶活力最大值为0.963g/100m L,产蛋白酶活力最大值为0.013U/m L,产淀粉酶活力最大值为2.510U/m L,产纤维素酶活力最大值为9.360U/m L,液态发酵产酯酶的最佳培养条件为添加乳糖5g/100m L麸皮、1.5g/100m L、Ca~(2+)0.01g/100m L、表面活性剂1.5g/100m Lp H、7.0,发酵时间5d,该条件下芽孢菌的产酯酶活力达到最大值0.905g/100m L。     

不同发酵条件对Fusarium. solani ZH0101产木聚糖酶的影响

以本实验室筛选到的一株产木聚糖酶但不产纤维素酶的真菌Fusarium solani ZH0101为供试菌株,利用麦秸为诱导物,对产木聚糖酶的液体发酵培养基进行优化。对发酵时间、麦秸添加量、培养基起始pH值、磷酸盐、金属离子、无机氮源和有机氮源对产酶的影响进行研究,优化最佳的培养条件。优化后的液体发酵培养基条件为：麦秸20g/L、KH2PO4 4g/L、CH3COONH4 1g/L、酵母膏2g/L和起始pH值为6.0,发酵时间为14d。优化条件下所产无纤维素酶活力的木聚糖酶酶活力为26.85U/mL,能比未优化前的20.82U/mL提高近30%。     

利用玉米芯渣产纤维素酶条件的优化

以玉米芯渣为培养基料,通过单因素及正交试验,对绿色木霉T9806菌株固态发酵产纤维素酶的培养条件进行摸索。结果表明,最佳培养基组成为:麸皮15.27%,玉米芯渣22.91%,(NH4)2SO40.4%,MgSO40.12%,CaCl20.12%,ZnSO4 0.08%,加水量61.1%。利用最佳培养基配方,在250mL三角瓶中于35℃下恒温培养96h,纤维素酶酶活可达到8132μ/g干曲。     

宇佐美曲霉酸性蛋白酶摇瓶发酵工艺条件的优化

采用正交试验，对宇佐美曲霉酸性蛋白酶摇瓶发酵工艺条件进行了优化，最佳发酵培养基的组成为；玉米粉1.5g，豆饼粉6.0g，蛋白胨0.7g，氯化铵1.0g，氯化钙0.5g，磷酸氢二钠0.4g；最优培养条件是：pH值为5.5，培养温度为32℃，摇床转速为220r/min。采用优化工艺，酸性蛋白酶的酶活由7200U/ml左右提高到8400U/ml。     

酶法制取JA澄清剂的研究

采用纤维素酶和酸性蛋白酶对甲壳质进行酶解改性,并对实验条件进行了比较筛选。确定最适生产工艺条件：底物浓度为1％。纤维素酶用量为25μ／g,酸性蛋白酶用量为50μ／g,pH4．0-4．5．水解温度为45℃,转化时间4-5h,而且双酶水解明显优于单一酶的作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press