ATP颗粒吸附剂对磷的吸附性能

通过静态吸附实验,研究了ATP颗粒吸附剂对水体中磷的吸附性能,并从动力学和热力学角度探讨了吸附作用机理。结果表明,ATP颗粒吸附剂对磷的吸附符合准二级动力学方程,以化学吸附为速率控制步骤;表观吸附活化能Ea为5.883 kJ/mol,说明温度对该吸附过程影响较小;在288³08 K范围内,ATP颗粒吸附剂对磷的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,该吸附介于单层和多层吸附之间,吸附表面存在一定的不均匀性;由吸附过程的热力学参数ΔG为-4.964308 K范围内,ATP颗粒吸附剂对磷的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,该吸附介于单层和多层吸附之间,吸附表面存在一定的不均匀性;由吸附过程的热力学参数ΔG为-4.964^-5.403 kJ/mol、ΔS为0.107-5.403 kJ/mol、ΔS为0.107⁰.131 kJ/(mol·K)、ΔH为27.9850.131 kJ/(mol·K)、ΔH为27.985³3.498 kJ/mol,表明ATP颗粒吸附剂对磷的吸附属于自发的、熵增加的吸热过程,同时存在物理吸附和化学吸附。     

基于离子交换的乙二醇富液脱盐实验研究

为简化深水气田乙二醇回收系统,采用离子交换工艺替代常规乙二醇脱盐工艺,对乙二醇吸附脱盐进行实验研究。通过静态吸附脱盐实验,在含盐乙二醇富液体系中对4种离子交换树脂进行了筛选,并对筛选出的树脂进行了吸附热力学研究。根据吸附能力,筛选出D113阳离子交换树脂和D201阴离子交换树脂用于实验,阴阳树脂体积比例为2∶1时上清液呈中性,阴阳混合树脂用量为200 mL/L,脱盐率为73.89%。D201树脂吸附Cl^-过程中的熵变ΔS为-26.605 J/(mol·K)、焓变ΔH为-13.386 kJ/mol, D113树脂吸附Ca-过程中的熵变ΔS为-26.605 J/(mol·K)、焓变ΔH为-13.386 kJ/mol, D113树脂吸附Ca⁽²⁺⁾过程中的熵变ΔS为-95.794 J/(mol·K)、焓变ΔH为-32.220 kJ/mol,吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,吉布斯自由能变ΔG<0,表明树脂在乙二醇富液中的吸附是放热、自发的过程,D113和D201树脂可用于乙二醇富液脱盐。     

磷钨酸铵复合材料对铷铯吸附性能的研究

针对卤水中铷、铯富集困难的问题,以磷钨酸铵为原料,通过与焦磷酸钛复合制备了一种新型吸附材料——磷钨酸铵-焦磷酸钛复合材料,用于吸附铷、铯离子。研究了复合材料对铷、铯离子的吸附过程热力学、动力学性能。动力学和热力学研究发现,准二级动力学方程和Freundlich吸附等温方程能较好地拟合吸附过程,相关性良好;热力学研究发现,ΔG ⁰、ΔH ⁰、ΔS ⁰均小于零,铷、铯在复合吸附剂上的吸附是自发进行的,复合吸附剂吸附铷、铯均为放热反应,升高温度不利于吸附的进行,吸附过程中固液界面的混乱度减小,是熵减过程。     

碳酸化对白云石热分解产物联合除磷除氟的影响

本文主要研究一种新型吸附剂的制备,及其对磷、氟废水的联合处理。以白云石为原材料,经煅烧和碳酸化处理后,通过XRD、XRF、SEM、FTIR等对其产物组成、形貌等进行表征,同时探究了反应时间、初始磷和氟浓度、固液比、pH值等环境参数对联合除磷除氟的影响。结果表明:随着固液比增大,剩余氟离子浓度逐渐降低后趋于稳定;动力学结果表明氟离子的去除更加符合准二级动力学方程(R²>0.967);溶液初始pH值对实验结果影响不显著;Langmuir等温吸附模型可以更好地描述氟离子去除过程。煅烧-碳酸化白云石(CCD)联合除磷除氟的机理为:CCD与溶液中的磷发生反应,生成羟基磷灰石,然后OH^-被F^-取代,转化生成氟磷灰石;同时CCD溶出的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺也与F^-反应生成相应的沉淀。     

自养硝化颗粒污泥吸附铜离子性能及吸附等温线

以自养硝化颗粒污泥作为吸附剂,研究了其对铜离子的吸附效果及最佳吸附工艺条件,并探索了其吸附等温线。通过单因素实验研究铜离子浓度、吸附时间、污泥浓度、搅拌速度和温度对吸附效果的影响,最终得出搅拌速度、吸附时间以及污泥浓度对吸附效果有明显影响。在此基础上,通过响应曲面法耦合出吸附的最佳工况点：时间（A）=2.50h,转速（B）=125r/min,污泥量（C）=5250mg/L。在此条件下研究了颗粒污泥的吸附特性及稳定性。结果表明,硝化颗粒污泥在重金属废水中表现出极强的耐受性与稳定性,不同浓度下颗粒化率均维持在93%以上。Langmuir与Freundlich方程动力学拟合结果显示：Langmuir等温方程的拟合度R²_Cu=0.999,表明硝化颗粒污泥对于Cu²⁺属于典型的单分子层吸附,且能描述最大吸附量为Q_max=15.02mg/g。Freundlich等温方程的拟合过程中,相关系数R²_Cu=0.969,1/n=0.1305,表明硝化颗粒污泥对Cu²⁺吸附能力较强;较高的拟合度也在一定程度上表明硝化颗粒污泥对Cu²⁺的吸附是一个复杂的物理化学过程。     

改性文冠果活性炭吸附Ca~(2+)的研究

采用硝酸对文冠果活性炭进行氧化改性,探讨了Ca⁽²⁺⁾溶液初始浓度、吸附温度、时间、pH值对Ca(2+)溶液初始浓度、吸附温度、时间、pH值对Ca⁽²⁺⁾吸附的影响。分析了吸附热力学和动力学,初步探讨了吸附机理。实验表明,当Ca(2+)吸附的影响。分析了吸附热力学和动力学,初步探讨了吸附机理。实验表明,当Ca⁽²⁺⁾的初始浓度为500 mg/L,吸附温度为40℃,吸附时间为120 min,pH值为2时,吸附量最大,可达285.9 mg/g。硝酸改性文冠果活性炭吸附Ca(2+)的初始浓度为500 mg/L,吸附温度为40℃,吸附时间为120 min,pH值为2时,吸附量最大,可达285.9 mg/g。硝酸改性文冠果活性炭吸附Ca⁽²⁺⁾符合伪二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线模型,吉布斯自由能ΔG°<0、焓变ΔH°<0、熵变ΔS°<0,表明该吸附是一个自发的放热过程。     

玉米秸秆生物炭对铅离子的等温吸附特征研究

选用采自沈阳的玉米秸秆,采用控温热分解法,在400℃下制备生物炭。在不同温度(298.15,308.15,318.15,328.15 K)、不同pH(3,4,5,6)、不同浓度的Ca⁽²⁺⁾离子(0.002 5,0.005,0.01,0.02 mmol/L)的条件下进行实验,使用Langmuir、Freundlich和D-R等温方程分别对等温吸附实验数据进行拟合,并讨论吸附机理。结果表明,玉米秸秆生物质炭在不同温度下更好地符合Langmuir模式(R(2+)离子(0.002 5,0.005,0.01,0.02 mmol/L)的条件下进行实验,使用Langmuir、Freundlich和D-R等温方程分别对等温吸附实验数据进行拟合,并讨论吸附机理。结果表明,玉米秸秆生物质炭在不同温度下更好地符合Langmuir模式(R²=0.989 12=0.989 1⁰.995 6)。由Langmuir模式中的a值可以得出,随温度的升高,吸附量增加;在不同pH值下玉米秸秆生物质炭对铅离子的吸附等温式同样可以使用Langmuir模式(R0.995 6)。由Langmuir模式中的a值可以得出,随温度的升高,吸附量增加;在不同pH值下玉米秸秆生物质炭对铅离子的吸附等温式同样可以使用Langmuir模式(R²=0.989 92=0.989 9⁰.999 6)进行表征。而且,随pH的降低,吸附量减少;在不同Ca0.999 6)进行表征。而且,随pH的降低,吸附量减少;在不同Ca⁽²⁺⁾离子浓度下,可用Langmuir等温吸附式拟合(R(2+)离子浓度下,可用Langmuir等温吸附式拟合(R²=0.986 62=0.986 6⁰.996 0)。通过Langmuir等温吸附式推算出的最大吸附量随Ca0.996 0)。通过Langmuir等温吸附式推算出的最大吸附量随Ca⁽²⁺⁾离子浓度的增加而减少。     

TOCNF与磁性羧甲基壳聚糖纳米粒子复合物的制备及吸附Pb2+的特性

水体中铅污染对环境及人的健康安全造成了极大的危害。本文将四甲基呱啶（TEMPO）氧化的纤维素纳米纤维（TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers,TOCNF）与磁性羧甲基壳聚糖纳米粒子（magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles,MCCN）交联复合制备一种经济高效且对环境无毒害的Pb²⁺吸附剂,对复合前后的材料进行结构表征。通过单因素实验研究pH、Pb²⁺初始浓度、吸附时间及温度对Pb²⁺吸附效率的影响,确定最优吸附条件后比较TOCNF/MCCN及TOCNF对Pb²⁺的吸附效果,研究复合材料对Pb²⁺的吸附特性。研究结果表明,Fe₃O₄成功被羧甲基壳聚糖纳米粒子包裹并与TOCNF交联复合,在最优吸附条件（pH=5,Pb²⁺初始浓度为100mg/L,吸附时间为240min,常温下进行实验）下,TOCNF/MCCN吸附Pb²⁺的饱和容量为193.5mg/g,比TOCNF高了近一倍。复合吸附剂吸附Pb²⁺的过程更符合准二级动力学方程,说明决定吸附速率的主要是化学吸附。等温吸附方程的相关系数R²表明,Langmuir方程能更好地拟合吸附过程,说明复合吸附剂对Pb²⁺的吸附主要是表面基团的单分子层吸附。通过线性方程的斜率计算得到的理论饱和吸附量为201.1mg/g,与实际值差3.8%,经过5次解吸再吸附的过程,吸附剂的吸附效率仅下降了13%,表明该吸附剂有良好的可再生性,具有很好的应用前景。     

D314树脂吸附钼离子的热力学和动力学

采用静态实验法研究D314树脂吸附钼离子的机理,在实验条件下分别用弗伦德利希(Freundlich)和朗格缪尔(Langmuir)等温吸附模型分析了D314树脂对钼离子的吸附热力学过程。结果表明,Langmuir方程相关性较高,可拟合钼离子的吸附过程。ΔH>0表明离子交换过程为吸热过程,热力学函数ΔG<0表明D314树脂吸附钼离子过程能够自发进行,ΔS>0表明钼离子吸附是熵增过程。准二级动力学模型其相关系数R²在0.99以上能够很好拟合D314树脂吸附钼离子的过程,颗粒扩散为钼离子吸附过程的主要控速步骤。     

秸秆掺杂与煅烧改性沸石吸附铜锌离子的特性

为增强天然沸石去除重金属离子污染的能力,采用掺杂秸秆和高温煅烧对其进行改性,研究其对Cu⁽²⁺⁾和Zn(2+)和Zn⁽²⁺⁾静态吸附和动态吸附性能。结果表明,改性沸石对Cu(2+)静态吸附和动态吸附性能。结果表明,改性沸石对Cu⁽²⁺⁾和Zn(2+)和Zn⁽²⁺⁾的吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,理论饱和吸附容量分别为4 043 mg Cu/kg和4 087 mg Zn/kg。吸附动力学曲线可采用Lagergren准二级动力学方程来描述。吸附热力学参数吸附自由能变ΔG <0、吸附焓变ΔH> 0、吸附熵变ΔS> 0,吸附势E <8 k J/mol。改性沸石对Cu(2+)的吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,理论饱和吸附容量分别为4 043 mg Cu/kg和4 087 mg Zn/kg。吸附动力学曲线可采用Lagergren准二级动力学方程来描述。吸附热力学参数吸附自由能变ΔG <0、吸附焓变ΔH> 0、吸附熵变ΔS> 0,吸附势E <8 k J/mol。改性沸石对Cu⁽²⁺⁾和Zn(2+)和Zn⁽²⁺⁾吸附过程为以物理吸附为主的自发、吸热过程。     

D72树脂对镨(Ⅲ)的吸附性能(英文)

In this work, the feasibility of using a macroporous strong acid ion exchange resin (D72) as an adsorbent for praseodymium (Ⅲ) was examined. The adsorption behavior and mechanism were investigated with various chemical methods and IR spectrometry. The results showed that the loading of Pr (III) ions was strongly dependent on pH of the medium and the optimal adsorption condition is in HAc-NaAc medium with pH value of 3.0. Adsorption kinetics of Pr (III) ions onto D72 resin could be best described by pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity of D72 for Pr (Ⅲ) was evaluated to be 294 mg·g 1 for the Langmuir model at 298K. The apparent activation energy, E a , was 14.71 kJ·mol 1 . The calculated data of thermodynamic parameters, ΔSΘ value of 100 J·mol 1 ·K 1 and ΔHΘ value of 8.89 kJ·mol 1 , indicate the endothermic nature of the adsorption process, while a decrease of ΔGΘ with increasing temperature indicates the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. Finally, Pr (Ⅲ) can be eluted by using 1.00 mol·L 1 HCl-0.50 mol·L 1 NaCl solution and the D72 resin can be regenerated and reused. Thomas model was successfully applied to experimental data to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column useful for process design. The characterization before and after adsorption of Pr (Ⅲ) ions on D72 resin was conformed by IR.     

Removal of Reactive Red 198 from aqueous solution by combined method multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zero-valent iron:Equilibrium,kinetics, and thermodynamic

Dyes often include toxic,carcinogenic compounds and are harmful to humans' health.Therefore,removal of dyes from textile industry wastewater is essential.The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the combination of zero valent iron(ZVI) powder and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) in the removal of Reactive Red 198(RR198) dye from aqueous solution.This applied research was performed in a batch system in the laboratory scale.This study investigated the effect of various factors influencing dye removal,including contact time,p H,adsorbent dose,iron powder dose,initial dye concentration,and temperature.The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using three common adsorption models:Langmuir,Freundlich and Temkin.Besides,kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were used to establish the adsorption mechanism.The results showed,in pH =3,contact time = 100 min,ZVI dose = 5000 mg·L~(-1),and MWCNTs dose = 600 mg·L~(-1)in 100 mg·L~(-1)dye concentration,the adsorption efficiency increased to 99.16%.Also,adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo-second-order model.Equilibrium data fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm(R2= 0.99).The negative values of ΔG0and the positive value of ΔH0(91.76) indicate that the RR198 adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.According to the results,the combination of MWCNTs and ZVI was highly efficient in the removal of azo dyes.     

聚丙烯酸钠包覆Fe3O4磁性交联聚合物的制备及其对Pb(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附性能

采用溶液分散聚合和Ca²⁺表面交联制备了聚丙烯酸钠包覆Fe₃O₄的磁性交联聚合物（CPAANa@Fe₃O₄）,对其进行了XRD、FT-IR、SEM和TGA等表征。以CPAANa@Fe₃O₄为吸附剂研究了CPAANa@Fe₃O₄对水溶液中Pb²⁺、Cd²⁺的静态吸附,考察了溶液pH、吸附剂投加量、金属离子初始浓度对吸附的影响。结果表明：CPAANa@Fe₃O₄在pH 2～6范围内均具有较好的吸附性能,当吸附剂投加量分别为1.0 g·L^-1和1.6 g·L^-1时对初始浓度分别为200 mg·L^-1的Pb²⁺和100 mg·L^-1的Cd²⁺的去除率达到最大,可使Pb²⁺实现达标排放（GB 8978-1996）;CPAANa@Fe₃O₄对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的吸附动力学符合准二级模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的最大吸附量分别为454.55 mg·g^-1和275.48 mg·g^-1。将CPAANa@Fe₃O₄用于处理实际电解矿浆废水,发现能有效吸附其中的Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺,具有潜在实用价值。     

Synthesis of a novel functional group-bridged magnetized bentonite adsorbent:Characterization,kinetics, isotherm,thermodynamics and regeneration

A novel magnetic adsorbent was synthesized by magnetizing bentonite by APTES-Fe_3O_4 via a functional groupbridged interaction. The characterization of APTES-Fe_3O_4/bentonite was conducted via transmission electron microscope(TEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), zeta potential analysis and Brunner–Emmet–Teller(BET). The APTES-Fe_3O_4/bentonite was assessed as adsorbents for methylene blue(MB) with a high adsorption capacity(91.83 mg·g~(-1)). Factors affecting the adsorption of MB(such as p H, equilibrium time, temperature and initial concentration) were investigated. The adsorption process completely reaches equilibrium after 120 min and the maximum sorption is achieved at p H 8.0. The adsorption trend follows the pseudosecond order kinetics model. The adsorption data gives good fits with Langmuir isotherm model. The parameter factor RLfalls between 0 and 1, indicating the adsorption of MB is favorable. The adsorption process is endothermic with positive ΔH~0 values. The positive values of ΔG~0 confirm the affinity of the adsorbent towards MB, and suggest an increased randomness at the solid–liquid interface during the adsorption process. Regeneration of the saturated adsorbent was easily carried out via gamma-irradiation.     

用椰壳制活性炭吸附去除三价铋离子(英文)

In present study,we report the preparation of coconut shell activated carbon as adsorbent and its appli-cation for Bi(Ⅲ) removal from aqueous solutions.The developed adsorbent was characterized with scanning elec-tron microscope(SEM),Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR),C,H,N,S analyzer,and BET surface area analyzer.The parameters examined include agitation time,initial concentration of Bi(Ⅲ),adsorbent dose and temperature.The maximum adsorption of Bi(Ⅲ)(98.72%) was observed at 250 mg·L-1 of Bi(Ⅲ) and adsorbent dose of 0.7 g when agitation was at 160 r·min-1 for 240 min at(299±2) K.The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb’s free energy(△Gθ),enthalpy(△Hθ) and entropy(△Sθ) were evaluated.For the isotherm models applied to adsorption study,the Langmuir isotherm model fits better than the Freundlich isotherm.The maximum adsorption capacity from the Langmuir isotherm was 54.35 mg?g?1 of Bi(Ⅲ).The kinetic study of the adsorption shows that the pseudo second order model is more appropriate than the pseudo first order model.The result shows that,coconut shell ac-tivated carbon is an effective adsorbent to remove Bi(Ⅲ) from aqueous solutions with good adsorption capacity.     

STUDIES ON THE ADSORPTION OF FURFURAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ONTO LOW-COST BAGASSE FLY ASH

The present study deals with the sorptive removal of furfural from aqueous solution by carbon-rich bagasse fly ash (BFA). Batch studies were performed to evaluate the influence of various experimental parameters, namely, initial pH (pH₀), adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature on the removal of furfural. Optimum conditions for furfural removal were found to be pH₀ ≈ 5.5, adsorbent dose ≈4 g/L of solution, and equilibrium time ≈4 h. The adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The effective diffusion coefficient of furfural is of the order of 10^-13 m²/s. Equilibrium adsorption data on BFA was analyzed by Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubnin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson, and Temkin isotherm equations using regression and error analysis. The Redlich-Peterson isotherm was found to best represent the data for furfural adsorption onto BFA. Adsorption of furfural on BFA is favorably influenced by a decrease in the temperature of the operation. Values of the change in entropy (ΔS⁰) and heat of adsorption (ΔH⁰) for furfural adsorption on BFA were negative. The high negative value of change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG⁰) indicates the feasible and spontaneous adsorption of furfural on BFA.     

粉煤灰负载壳聚糖对磷吸附的热力学研究

以粉煤灰负载壳聚糖作为吸附剂,在静态吸附条件下,研究了其对磷的吸附行为,并对吸附过程的热力学进行了分析。结果表明,吸附平衡数据都能够较好地符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程,但Langmuir方程能够更好地描述吸附等温线。在20～35℃范围内,磷在粉煤灰负载壳聚糖上的吸附是一个吸热过程,反应的吉布斯自由能变小,同时伴随着熵值的增加,吸附焓变为44.36 kJ/mol。     

Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Tannic Acid in Aqueous Solution on Polyaniline Adsorbent

Tannic acid is generally considered as one of polyphenolic pollutants, which may cause severe threats to the environment. In this study, polyaniline adsorbent was synthesized by chemical oxidation to remove tannic acid in aqueous solutions. The adsorption amount of tannic acid varied greatly with pH of solution and strong adsorption was at pH 5.8-6.7. Coexisting cations, such as Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺, can enhance the adsorption of tannic acid on polyaniline, which may be contributed to the electrostatic interaction between tannic acid and polyaniline. The adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 117.65 mg·g^-1 at 35℃ and pH 6.0. The thermodynamic parameters calculated from the adsorption isotherms indicate that the adsorption of tannic acid is spontaneous and endothermic process. The polyaniline saturated with tannic acid can be desorbed in alkaline solution and regenerated adsorbent can be used repeatedly with high adsorption capacity, which implies that polyaniline adsorbents have a great potential in water purification for the removal of tannic acid.     

磷钨酸铵-海藻酸钙复合吸附剂的制备及其铷吸附热力学及动力学

杂多酸盐无机离子吸附剂对于碱金属离子具有良好吸附性能,可望用于铷的分离提取。以海藻酸钙(CaALG)为载体,对铷有良好选择性的磷钨酸铵(AWP)为活性成分,采用溶胶凝胶法制备球形复合吸附剂AWP-CaALG并优化了物料配比、CaCl₂浓度、陈化时间及干燥温度等制备条件,通过SEM、XRD、IR分析对制备产物进行了表征。通过静态吸附实验,测得吸附剂对Rb⁺吸附容量达43 mg·g^-1。实验考察了溶液中铷初始浓度、吸附温度对吸附过程的影响,分别采用Langmuir等温吸附模型、Freundlich等温吸附模型对实验数据进行线性回归分析,结果表明吸附过程更符合Freundlich等温吸附模型(R²>0.9962)。计算铷吸附过程焓变(ΔH)、熵变(ΔS)分别为-14.18 kJ·mol^-1和-0.0367 kJ·mol^-1·K^-1,不同温度下ΔG均为负值,说明该吸附过程可自发进行,低温利于吸附,升温利于解吸。吸附动力学结果表明该吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型,且受化学反应控制。