列车振动荷载作用下管片接缝对盾构隧道衬砌结构与周围软土地层动力响应影响研究

 为探究盾构隧道管片接缝对于隧道结构及周围软土地层的动力响应的影响,采用模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,借助2种不同的盾构隧道模型--忽略接缝的均质圆环模型与考虑接缝效应的管片衬砌拼装模型,以频域分析为基础,模拟计算列车振动荷载全频域内隧道衬砌结构及周围软土地层的频率响应函数,分析在不同频率荷载作用下衬砌结构的内力分布规律。研究结果表明：在列车振动荷载作用的频域区间内,隧道结构和软土地层的竖向加速度响应均呈现出随频率升高而增强的趋势,在低频段(0～60 Hz)增长迅速,中高频段(60 Hz以上)则增速放缓;管片接缝的存在使隧道结构的动力响应明显降低,最高幅值可达10 dB,但影响范围主要集中于40～200 Hz的中高频率荷载区段;管片接缝对软土地层的动力响应也具有一定的影响,但影响程度远小于隧道结构本身;管片内力主要集中于施加振动荷载的拱底附近,接缝对管片环所受轴力有较为明显的影响,而对结构所受弯矩影响较小。从模型试验与数值模拟计算结果可以看出,考虑列车振动荷载作用下隧道衬砌结构的动力响应时,应充分注意管片接缝的影响。     

列车振动荷载作用下隧道衬砌结构动力响应特性分析

论述隧道衬砌结构动力有限元分析的理论与数值计算方法，并以京广线朱亭隧道列车振动荷载现场测试成果为基础，通过对3种不同断面形状的隧道衬砌结构的动力响应特征进行分析研究，可获得隧道衬砌结构竖向位移、竖向加速度及各种内力时程曲线。研究成果对评价既有提速铁路隧道衬砌结构的动力稳定性和完善铁路隧道结构的设计理论具有一定的指导意义。     

爆炸荷载作用下地下锚喷支护结构动力响应数值分析

为了研究常规钻地炸弹在岩石中爆炸时对地下支护结构的影响,应用LS-DYNA有限元程序分析了地下防护工程锚喷支护结构在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应.模型中考虑了锚杆对岩石的锚固作用,其中混凝土采用H-J-C模型,并考虑了应变率效应.与国内外经验公式的计算结果比较表明,该分析模型与方法是合理的,能据此进行爆炸荷载作用下地下结构的动力可靠性分析.     

纤维混凝土隧道衬砌地震动力响应特性的振动台试验研究

 为研究纤维混凝土隧道衬砌在地震动力作用下的动响应特性,对普通混凝土隧道衬砌与纤维混凝土隧道衬砌开展大型振动台模型试验,分析隧道衬砌的震害特征、地震动应变、结构内力和应变基线响应规律。试验结果表明：水平地震荷载及地层压力共同作用下,2种隧道衬砌均为仰拱最先开裂,其次为拱腰开裂,衬砌结构破坏模式主要为开裂、掉块和裂缝两侧挤压破坏;素混凝土隧道衬砌出现开裂破坏早,裂缝易贯通,裂缝两侧混凝土基体在振动过程中相对位移大;纤维混凝土隧道衬砌出现开裂破坏晚,裂缝两侧混凝土基体在振动过程中相对位移小,裂缝呈挤压破坏状;纤维延缓衬砌结构裂缝的产生和阻碍裂缝的扩展;地震波加速度峰值从0.1 g增大到1.0 g时,素混凝土隧道衬砌动应变极值和裂缝宽度显著增大,而纤维混凝土隧道衬砌动应变极值和裂缝宽度先在一定范围内缓慢增长然后迅速增大,但最终2种衬砌动应变极值和裂缝宽度大致相等,说明纤维混凝土隧道衬砌在一定地震荷载范围内可以有效避免开裂和减小裂缝宽度;纤维混凝土隧道衬砌压缩变形率较小,当输入地震波加速度峰值为0.1 g和0.4 g时,纤维混凝土隧道衬砌结构动弯矩极值较低,受力更均衡,能有效地抵御地震荷载。     

列车动载下衬砌厚度对隧道结构动力响应的影响研究

以北京市某在建地铁盾构区间为工程背景,探究列车动载下衬砌厚度对隧道结构动力响应的影响。采用英国几何不平顺值提供的公式模拟列车运行过程中产生的激振力,研究80 km/h车速下隧道结构不同监测点的动力响应。运用有限差分软件FLAC3D建立计算模型,计算分析了250、300、350、400、450 mm 5种管片厚度下结构的动力响应。通过计算得出:列车动载下结构出现整体运动趋势;位置特点相同的监测点具有更加相近的振动时程曲线;隧道两拱脚及拱顶和仰拱处均产生位移差,进而引起附加应力;最大主应力峰值远小于结构材料的极限抗拉强度;管片厚度较大的结构在动力响应方面表现出一定的优势。     

铁路隧道地震动力响应数值分析

基于某铁路隧道工程实例,运用有限元软件对其横断面采用二维平面应变模型进行模拟,模型采用粘弹性动力人工边界,引入水平和竖直地震波加速度激振,以数值模拟的方法分析了地震工况下隧道的稳定性及动应力、位移、应变变化规律.     

基于小波分析的隧道衬砌结构动力响应规律研究

阐述了隧道衬砌结构动力有限元分析的小波解析方法与粘弹性边界条件,采用弹簧–阻尼单元模拟粘弹性边界条件;建立了相应的有限元分析模型,并利用现场振动测试成果,对京广线朱亭隧道在提速列车振动荷载作用下的动力响应特性进行分析研究,得出了衬砌结构各特征点处的振动位移、加速度、弯矩、剪力与轴力的时程响应规律,将计算结果与现场测试成果进行对比分析证明所提出的分析方法是合理的。研究成果对进一步分析提速铁路隧道衬砌结构的动力稳定性具有重要意义。     

爆炸地震波作用下深埋圆形隧道的动力响应分析

 深地下结构在爆炸地震波作用下的动力响应是防护工程设计和评估的重要问题,发展适应深部特点的快速计算方法具有重要意义。采用集中质量方法将圆形隧道离散为有限自由度体系,并将爆炸地震波的作用看作一系列作用在集中质量上的动力,利用局部变形理论将围岩的弹性抗力简化为弹性链杆,采用矩阵力法考虑结构在各种内力作用下产生的自身变形和弹性半空间的变形,并据此建立结构动力方程矩阵。通过对结构动力方程的求解,可以得到结构的动力集中系数和结构内力、弯矩、位移等参数。采用所提出的方法计算一个算例,分析围岩等级、荷载作用位置、正压作用时间以及入射波角度等因素对隧道衬砌结构动力响应的影响。     

地震作用下盾构隧道衬砌结构动力响应分析

盾构隧道衬砌结构在地震载荷作用下的安全越来越受到重视,本文运用有限元软件数值模拟地震作用过程,分析地震作用下不同管片接头模型中管片性能的变化规律,结果表明：盾构隧道在地震横向作用下产生较大的横向位移,不同管片接头模型中管片的位移时程曲线趋势基本一致,且随着管片刚度减小而增大,但均比地表土体横向位移小很多|地震作用下不同管片接头模型中管片和连接螺栓的内力分布情况相类似,随着管片刚度减小,管片横向方向和剪切方向的应力均减小,连接螺栓的轴力、剪力和弯矩均增大,其中剪力增加的幅度最大,弯矩最大值位于隧道两拱腰处。     

深圳地铁某区间隧道二衬结构数值模拟分析

以深圳地铁某区间隧道工程为例,运用大型有限元软件通过数值模拟的方式对隧道二衬结构进行了简单的力学分析,进而了解了地铁隧道复合式衬砌四心圆断面形式的基本受力特征,对类似隧道设计有一定指导作用。     

Dynamic responses and damage analyses of tunnel lining and errant large vehicle during collision

Collision accidents between errant vehicles and tunnels occur frequently, causing serious loss of life and property as well as the damage to the tunnel lining. Damage analysis of the tunnel lining under collision loads is still a lack of research at present. Based on dynamic finite element method, this study simulates and analyzes the interaction between errant large vehicles and tunnel lining structure and their dynamic response processes under various collision cases. It is noted that the lining structure mainly suffers tensile damage and its value increases with the increases of the collision angle and the vehicle speed. The larger the vehicle speed and the collision angle are, the bigger accelerations the passengers experience. A series of in-situ damage detections and sampling tests of the tunnel lining in a real collision accident that occurred in the Panlong Tunnel on Jinghu Highway in China in 2009 strongly approve the numerical simulation results. This study provides technical supports to the optimal design and operations management of tunnels.     

Deformation and mechanical characteristics of tunnel lining in tunnel intersection between subway station tunnel and construction tunnel

Deformations and stress distributions in tunnel intersection areas are more complicated than those in common tunnels. The literature on deformations and stress distributions in tunnel intersections, in which the intersecting tunnel is in a different section, is limited. The Shangxinjie subway station in Chongqing, China, was selected to investigate the deformation, stress and plastic zone responses of a tunnel intersection using numerical simulations. Based on the numerical results, the scopes of influence with respect to the deformation, stresses and possible failure modes of the tunnel lining were further studied. The numerical results show that the deformation in a section close to the tunnel intersection was larger than the deformations in distant sections. Compared with the common section, the crown settlement reached the maximum value at the tunnel intersection, and the maximum rate of increase was approximately 28%. The range of the plastic zone at the tunnel intersection was much larger than that in the other areas, and it was mainly located in the side wall and tunnel crown. In the longitudinal direction, the lengths of the scopes of influence were 2.4 B and 1.6 B with respect to the deformation and stress, respectively. The magnitudes of the internal forces in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were almost equal. The bending moments of the tunnel lining within 135° and 225° significantly changed, but the axial force decreased dramatically. Tensile and compressive failures may occur at the tunnel intersection and in a section 5 m away. Locally thickening the supporting structures is suggested to improve the stability of the tunnel.     

深埋长大隧道交叉段衬砌裂缝成因分析与处治

通过对某高速公路深埋隧道主、横洞交叉段开洞侧主洞衬砌裂缝的现场检测及性状分析,研究对比了可能引起衬砌开裂的各种因素,得出了开裂的主要原因,认为隧道交叉段地层工程地质情况复杂,构造应力在应力场构成中占有很大比例,水平应力要比竖向应力大,且在横洞开挖后。主洞开洞侧截面承载能力一定程度上有所削弱,衬砌受力不均匀,出现应力集中现象,从而导致混凝土开裂;基于现场地质参数及裂缝成因初步分析,利用有限元分析软件对衬砌开裂段的应力场及位移场进行了模拟,模拟结果验证了现场成因分析所得结论的正确性;基于现场裂缝实际情况,提出了详细的裂缝处治措施,可为今后解决类似隧道衬砌开裂问题提供参考。     

龙头山隧道衬砌结构耐久性试验分析

隧道所处地质环境的复杂,导致影响其耐久性的因素众多,由于龙头山隧道处于华南地区,以及其本身结构的特殊性,对结构的耐久性提出更加严格的要求,但对于其耐久性可行的研究部分仍然集中于混凝土的研究,如何提高隧道二衬混凝土的抗裂性和抗渗性成为该隧道耐久性研究的关键因素.     

地铁循环荷载下隧道下卧土体动力特性研究

随着我国城市地铁交通建设和运营里程的持续增加,列车荷载作用下隧道下卧土体的动力稳定问题备受关注。以粉质黏土地层中单线圆形地铁隧道为工程背景,采用室内模型试验和数值计算方法,分析了地铁循环荷载作用下隧道下卧土体中加速度峰值、沉降变形等的变化规律。结果表明,相较于循环荷载幅值,隧道下卧土体中加速度峰值衰减特性受循环荷载频率影响更为明显。单线圆形隧道周围约2倍直径范围为循环荷载作用影响区域,其中以0.5倍直径范围内影响最为显著。单线圆形隧道下卧土体的动力响应还受隧道埋深、隧道直径等因素影响,隧道埋深越深,隧道直径越大,下卧土体动力响应值越小,对隧道的安全有利。     

Rational permeability coefficient of a permeable lining for composite tunnel lining structures

 Various factors influence the tunneling are simplified considering the axial symmetry of the composite lining structure. The analytical expressions for the seepage field,stress,and displacement in the surrounding rock and those for the grouting circle,permeable lining,and ordinary lining are obtained according to the principle of effective stress. The seepage discharge,plastic zone,stress,and displacement around a tunnel affected by the different permeability coefficient ratios between the permeable lining and surrounding rock are studied. The reasonable value of permeability coefficient for the permeable lining are discussed. The results show that the grouting circle controls the tunnel seepage discharge well and has a reasonable permeability coefficient and an optimal radius. The grouting circle controls the plastic zone development in the surrounding rock,i.e.,the thicker the grouting circle,the smaller the plastic zone in the surrounding rock. The tunnel seepage discharge and the effective stress in the grouting circle and lining increase gradually with the increasing of permeability coefficient ratio and tend to be stable after the ratio reaches 0.1. Comprehensive analysis on the factors such as the stability of tunnel seepage discharge,the plastic zone of the surrounding rock and the stress around the tunnel indicates that it is relatively reasonable for the permeability coefficient ratio to be greater than or equal to 0.1.     

公路隧道衬砌渗漏水的防止

针对公路隧道防排水的重要性,提出了公路隧道防排水的设计原则,介绍了隧道的防排水措施、衬砌裂缝的防治措施及公路隧道的衬砌质量控制措施,以确保隧道衬砌质量,从而保证隧道的安全。