悬浮上砂金刚石线锯的锯切性能试验分析

采用不同上砂位置的悬浮上砂电镀金刚石线锯对单晶硅进行锯切试验,记录锯切时间,计算锯切效率,对比不同上砂位置锯丝的锯切性能。用扫描电镜对锯丝上砂及磨损情况进行观测,用表面粗糙度仪对硅片表面粗糙度进行测量。试验结果表明:不同上砂位置的锯丝的磨粒密度相差较大,上砂位置靠近上砂槽体中心的锯丝磨粒密度最大;磨粒密度较大的锯丝的锯切效率较高。磨粒密度为585 颗/mm的锯丝锯切效率为4.949 mm2/min,比磨粒密度为446 颗/mm的锯丝锯切效率(2.158 mm2/min)提高了138%;用磨粒密度不同的锯丝加工出的硅片表面质量差别不大;锯丝的磨损及损伤形式主要是磨粒的磨损、磨粒的脱落及锯丝镀层的磨损与损伤。      

电镀工艺参数对金刚石锯丝复合镀层质量影响研究

本文进行了采用复合电镀法制备电镀金刚石锯丝试验,重点分析了上砂与镀层加厚阶段采用不同的阴极电流密度与时间,对锯丝复合镀层外观质量、锯丝表面金刚石磨粒含量和磨粒埋入深度的影响.研究结果表明,当锯丝表面固结粒度为20 μm的金刚石磨粒时,上砂与镀层加厚阶段均可采用2.0A/dm2的阴极电流密度,对应的最佳电镀时间分别为7 ...     

电镀金刚石线锯切割光伏多晶硅的表面特性与锯丝磨损分析

电镀金刚石线锯切割的光伏多晶硅切片表面特性,影响其断裂强度和后续的制绒工艺;为探究线锯锯切工艺参数对多晶硅切片表面特性的影响规律,揭示电镀金刚石锯丝的磨损机理,开展了光伏多晶硅的电镀金刚石线锯切片试验。研究结果表明:锯切的多晶硅表面存在由金刚石磨粒的塑性剪切、微切削去除形成的塑性浅划痕与较深的沟槽,及材料脆性去除留下的表面破碎微凹坑;切片表面材料的塑性去除和脆性去除相对比例随工艺参数组合变化而变化,增大晶片进给速度,降低走丝速度,切片表面粗糙度增大,表面形貌逐渐由塑性沟槽为主转变为以破碎微凹坑为主;使用表面镀镍(金属化)的金刚石颗粒制备的电镀金刚石锯丝的磨损形态在稳定阶段主要是磨粒磨平,使用后期主要是磨粒脱落和镀层磨损。      

锯切花岗石中金刚石节块形貌变化过程跟踪

评价锯切过程中金刚石节块表面状态与锯切力的依赖关系是十分重要也是十分困难的。本文以大切深锯切为研究对象,采用新的磨粒磨损状态划分方法将传统的六种金刚石磨损状态细分为十二种,通过视频采集系统跟踪观察金刚石锯片节块表面形貌变化。通过分析磨粒的不同磨损状态随锯切面积的变化规律,并结合锯切力的变化过程,讨论分析了不同磨损状态变化与锯切过程的内在联系。结果表明,单颗金刚石的磨损变化具有跳动性。十二种磨损状态的变化能够较好的反映锯切力的变化,在达到某一锯切面积时大多数磨损状态和锯切力的变化都有一个明显的转折。     

固结磨料金刚石锯丝制造技术

随着晶体尺寸的增大和切片质量要求的提高,固结磨料金刚石线锯的研制引起高度重视.电镀金刚石线锯具有磨粒把持强度高、耐磨性好等特点,但锯丝制造周期长,制造成本高,可采用毡刷摩擦阴极表面等工艺提高电镀金刚石锯丝的生产率.树脂结合剂金刚石锯丝的制造工艺简单,成本低,但在树脂加热固化过程中易引起金属丝青脆,可在树脂中添加微细铜粉提高锯丝的强度.采用镍涂层为金刚石磨料,可以提高锯丝的金刚石把持强度.     

用复合电镀法制造电镀金刚石锯丝的实验研究

固结磨料金刚石线锯切割技术有望在将来广泛地应用于硅晶体等硬脆材料的切割,而高性能的固结磨料金刚石锯丝的研制是此技术发展应用的关键.本文选用以瓦特液为基础的光亮镍镀液,采用复合电镀法试制了电镀金刚石锯丝,制定了锯丝的电镀工艺,分析了上砂电流密度和上砂时间对锯丝表面金刚石磨粒密度和镀层与基体间结合力的影响.结果表明,获得表面磨粒分布均匀、结合力良好的电镀金刚石锯丝的最佳电流密度范围为1.5 A/dm2～2.0 A/dm2,其预镀、上砂与加厚镀时间依次为6 min、8 min～10 min和18 min.     

电镀金刚石线锯使用性能的试验研究

为评价电镀金刚石线锯的使用性能,搭建恒力进给式金刚石线锯性能评价试验机,对编号为Ⅰ、Ⅱ的2种基体直径相同的电镀金刚石线锯进行单晶硅切片试验,记录切片时间,计算锯切效率,利用粗糙度仪、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜分别测量硅片表面粗糙度、锯缝宽度及锯丝表面磨粒脱落率。试验结果表明:金刚石线锯性能评价试验机能够定量评价电镀金刚石线锯的使用性能;Ⅰ号线锯的锯切效率比Ⅱ号线锯的高13.6%;用Ⅱ号线锯切片得到的硅片走丝方向、进给方向的表面粗糙度分别比用Ⅰ号线锯的小17.5%、10.8%;Ⅰ号线锯的锯缝宽度比Ⅱ号线锯的小3.8%;Ⅱ号线锯的使用寿命比Ⅰ号线锯的长;Ⅰ号线锯的磨粒脱落率是Ⅱ号线锯的2.1倍。      

单颗钎焊金刚石磨粒磨损试验研究

采用单颗磨粒试验方法,以碳钢碟轮为修整工具,研究金刚石和CBN磨粒修整过程中的磨损特征。结果表明:砂轮和修整碟轮的相对速度对金刚石磨粒的磨损有重要影响;相对速度为51.9 m/s时,金刚石磨粒的磨损高度为50.1 μm;相对速度为17.3 m/s时,金刚石磨粒的磨损高度显著减小,为19.5 μm。通过相同条件下金刚石与CBN磨粒的磨损特征对比,表明金刚石磨粒在磨损过程中同碟轮之间发生化学作用,加速金刚石磨粒的磨损;对试验后金刚石磨粒进行拉曼光谱分析,并未检测到石墨物质。      

利用金刚石线锯切割硅晶体的实验研究

本文综述了脆性材料的塑性转变理论、脆性材料塑性加工研究进展情况,进行了环形金刚石线锯丝切割硅晶体的实验.锯丝单方向连续运动,因而可以提高切割速度,锯丝运动速度为10 m/s和21 m/s两种.工件进给速度分别为8.4 mm/min,12.6 mm/min和20 mm/min等三种.用扫描电镜检测切割表面并与往复式线锯切割表面进行比较.实验结果及理论分析表明:锯丝上单个磨粒切削深度极小,切割表面平整、无崩碎现象,表面粗糙度值达1.4 μm～3 μm,接近粗磨加工后的表面.进给速度增大,表面粗糙度有所增大;切削速度提高,表面粗糙度降低不明显,这与理论分析不一致,其原因是工艺系统振动、冲击所致.锯丝磨损、磨料脱落是降低切割表面质量的另一原因.     

纳米金刚石粒径对Ni-P化学复合镀层耐磨性和耐腐蚀性的影响

为提高化学镀镀层的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性,采用化学镀制备含不同粒径的纳米金刚石Ni-P-D复合镀层,通过SEM、XRD、摩擦磨损试验、磨粒磨损试验和电化学试验,探究纳米金刚石粒径对Ni-P镀层微观形貌、力学性能、摩擦磨损性能、磨粒磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。经化学复合镀可以得到与基体结合良好,厚度约为30 μm,含纳米金刚石的Ni-P-D复合镀层;含50 nm 金刚石的Ni-P-D复合镀层的硬度最高,抗摩擦磨损和磨粒磨损性能最好;随着纳米金刚石粒径减小,Ni-P-D复合镀层的摩擦系数和抗腐蚀能力提高,含5 nm金刚石的Ni-P-D复合镀层的摩擦系数最小,抗腐蚀能力最强。      

Investigation on the brazing mechanism and machining performance of diamond wire saw based on Cu-Sn-Ti alloy

Brazing connection between diamond particles and KSC82 carbon steel wire was established by the Cu-Sn-Ti alloy, and a diamond wire saw of 500 m in length and about 0.75 mm in diameter was fabricated. The brazing morphology of the diamond particles was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the products and elemental distribution characteristics at the diamond brazed interface were analyzed by the energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The tensile mechanical properties of the brazed diamond wire saw was obtained through tensile tests, and the morphology of the fracture was observed using the SEM to analyze the tensile fracture mechanism. Further, the diamond wire saw was used for slice processing test of G663 granite, and the failure mode of the wire saw was analyzed. The results showed that there was Ti segregation at the diamond brazing interface, and that Ti₂C new phase was detected at the interface, where brazing connection of diamond particles was achieved through by reactive wetting. The tensile and yield strengths of the brazing diamond wire saw were 1289.08 and 923.18 MPa respectively, its plasticity was twice that of original KSC82 steel wire, and the tensile failure mode of the wire saw was ductile fracture. The stable cutting efficiency of the brazing diamond wire saw cutting the G663 granite with cross-sectional dimensions of 480 mm × 260 mm could reach 15 mm/min. There were three abrasive wear modes for the diamond particles of the wire saw working layer, including normal wear, shear fracture and separation, of which separation accounted for 14.3%. The reason for the separation of diamond was attributed to the oxidation of Ti element in Cu-Sn-Ti alloy and the fatigue crack initiation and growth at the diamond brazing interface.     

电镀金刚石线锯表面磨粒分布密度的多相机视觉检测

电镀金刚石线锯广泛用于单晶硅、蓝宝石、单晶碳化硅、陶瓷等硬脆性材料的切片加工领域,其表面磨粒分布密度直接影响其切片加工性能.用4台CCD相机采集金刚石线锯表面图像,对图像进行高斯滤波预处理,并基于柱面模型将图像展开,以图像中磨粒重心为特征点,通过特征点匹配及筛选、配准模型求解、图像重采样、图像重合区域去除等方法完成图像...     

蓝宝石加工过程中金刚石线锯生命周期表面形貌及抗拉极限载荷实验研究

为优化金刚石线锯多线切割加工蓝宝石晶片的工艺参数,通过加工实验,获得金刚石线锯生命周期内各个阶段样本,采用扫描电镜分析样本表面形貌;用拉伸试验机对样本抗拉极限载荷进行测试,得到样本的抗拉极限载荷,并对断口形貌进行分析。实验结果表明:金刚石磨粒在生命周期内,经历包覆磨损、显露、碎裂、脱落的过程;磨粒碎裂是导致脱落的主要原因;生命周期内,金刚石线锯抗拉极限并没有随着线磨损、金刚石颗粒掉落而降低;断口分为裂纹扩展区、瞬断区、电镀层区,且电镀层区与瞬断区发生分离。在分析结果的基础上,给出工艺参数优化方法。      

Investigation and improvement of wear nonuniformity of diamond tools in sawing granite

Sawing experiments were accomplished to discuss the wear characteristics at different parts of diamond tools in the process of sawing granite in this paper. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and 3D laser microscope were main detection means for the morphology of diamond tools. Synthetic investigation on the abrasion performance of segments was developed from aspects of the wear appearance of diamond particle and metal bond, the particle protrusion height and the residual height of segments. The results indicated that smaller residual height and larger proportion of macro-fractured and pull out crystal were exhibited at the front end of traditional diamond segment compared with the rear end. Morphology characteristics of diamond tools demonstrated different abrasion mechanism, flush erosion and cavitation was the main wear mechanism for the front end, while abrasive wear was the main wear mechanism for the rear end. Maximum undeformed chip thickness per diamond particle for the front end was larger than that of the rear end due to the existence of slot, the same was true for the load of single diamond particle. By reasonably matching of diamond particles and matrix bond, the abnormal failure efficiency of the diamond particles at the front of the segment was effectively reduced and the wear uniformity of the saw tooth surface was greatly improved. Suggestions on the design of diamond tools and test verification were put forward in the end.     

树脂结合剂金刚石线锯的涂覆层研究

针对树脂结合剂金刚石线锯磨粒把持强度低、耐磨性和耐热性差等问题,通过正交试验,配制了不同组分配比的涂覆层,制作了树脂结合剂金刚石线锯,并进行了单晶硅切割试验,试验研究了涂覆层各组分对树脂锯丝性能的影响。试验结果表明,当涂覆层中环氧树脂与酚醛树脂的质量比为2.5:1、增韧剂CTBN质量分数为13%、偶联剂KH-550质量分数为1%、纳米SiO₂的质量分数为3%、金刚石磨粒含量为500 mg/mL时,制作的树脂结合剂金刚石线锯在材料去除率、磨损率、涂覆层结合力、切割表面质量等方面综合性能最优。      

高效耐磨金刚石锯片的研制

采用正交实验的方法,对公路维修金刚石锯片胎体材料的有关参数进行了研究,实验对比了18种胎体配方的硬度及抗弯强度,选择几种优良胎体配方进行进一步的实验,对其性能及其稳定性进行比较,选择出优质胎体配方;在其中掺入金刚石,采用适当的烧结工艺制造出金刚石锯片,进行切割混凝土实验.综合分析实验结果,表明实验中加入适量低熔点金属和粗粒度金刚石提高了切割效率,加入细粒度金刚石可以有效地提高金刚石锯片的耐磨性,从而研制出高效耐磨金刚石锯片.     

硬脆材料的环形电镀金刚石线锯加工试验研究

本文利用环形电镀金刚石线锯对硬脆材料单晶硅、LT55陶瓷进行了切割试验,研究了锯切力、材料加工表面质量及锯丝的磨损.研究发现,在相同加工参数下,切割LT55陶瓷时的法向力与切向力之比小于单晶硅,与磨削相比,线锯加工的法向力与切向力之比非常小;在本实验条件下,单晶硅和LT55陶瓷均为脆性去除方式;因为LT55陶瓷断裂韧性高,在同样加工条件下,陶瓷加工表面质量优于单晶硅;恒进给压力条件下,锯丝速度增加,粗糙度值略微减小,恒进给压力增加,粗糙度值明显增大;锯丝首先在焊口处断裂,由于锯丝不能自转,沿锯丝圆周方向磨损不均匀.     

Fixed abrasive diamond wire machining—part I: process monitoring and wire tension force

The process monitoring and mechanics of fixed abrasive diamond wire saw machining are investigated in this study. New techniques to affix diamond particles to a steel wire core have advanced to make this process feasible for the machining of ceramics, wood, and foam materials. Developments in fixed abrasive diamond wire machining are first reviewed. Advantages of using fixed abrasive diamond wire machining are then introduced. The process monitoring and signal processing techniques for measuring the cutting forces, wire speed, down feed rate, and wire bow angle in diamond wire saw machining are developed. The application of a capacitance sensor to measure the wire bow and a procedure to convert the wire bow to vertical cutting force in a rocking motion wire saw machine are developed. The tension force of the wire during cutting is also derived and discussed.