太阳能聚光光伏电站

太阳能聚光光伏电站吴茂坤闫铁柱秦皇岛阿尔法太阳能动力有限公司是从事聚光式太阳能光伏电站开发和生产的高科技企业，主要产品有ＪＴＤ１型—６型６个品种，发电能力为１．５ｋＷ—２０ｋＷ。采用的聚光太阳电池平均转换效率为１８％，聚光度为４００倍。采用聚光电池...     

聚光光伏冷却系统的实验研究

加工聚光太阳电池组件系统及其强制水冷装置并对其进行实验研究,采集一天中该电池的温度、发电功率、效率等数据,与固定安放的太阳电池进行对比。实验结果显示,聚光太阳电池在测量时段内的输出电功率始终明显大于固定太阳电池,采用水冷的聚光太阳电池的温度基本在60℃以下,此外,还分析冷却水流量对聚光太阳电池热效率和电效率的影响。     

基于MATLAB的聚光太阳电池温度的计算研究

以某CTJ 10 mm×10 mm聚光三结太阳电池接收器为研究对象,建立了太阳电池的热学及电学模型,改进了太阳电池的效率表达式。利用MATLAB编程对无散热条件下的太阳电池温度进行了分析计算,得出了在不同环境温度和对流换热系数条件下的太阳电池温度随聚光比变化的规律。计算结果显示:在环境温度为25℃、对流换热系数为5 W/(m2.K)的条件下,500倍聚光对应的太阳电池温度高达492.6℃。     

聚光太阳电池方阵

聚光技术与太阳电池方阵近年来,硅太阳电池工艺日趋成熟,产量大幅度增加,太阳电池,从空间应用转向地面应用,降低太阳电池成本已成为当务之急。在硅太阳电池成本中,硅材料约占50-60%。若能利用小面积的硅片接受投射在大面积范围的阳光,就能减少硅材料消耗,降低发电成本。由此人们自然想到了聚光器,将聚光技术应用到太阳电池方阵上,构成聚光太阳电池方阵。通常将与此有关的技术称为聚光光伏技术。     

实验性50瓦聚光太阳电池方阵

由于聚光太阳电池提高了单位电池面积的发电能力,它能以较便宜的光学面积代替昂贵的太阳电池面积,从而有效地降低了太阳电池方阵的成本。 本文就我们研制的实验性50W聚光太阳电池方阵作一简要的介绍。     

曲面聚光太阳电池组件研究

计算、设计并研制了双球面型和抛物面-双曲面型二次反射聚光器,将其分别与多晶硅太阳电池结合组成聚光光伏系统,在常温下进行聚光试验,与无聚光多晶硅太阳电池相比,输出功率分别提高3.1及2.5倍。结果表明,利用二次曲面反射聚光器的聚光太阳能装置可以提高太阳电池的输出功率;一定程度上克服了太阳光能量的分散性,具有很好的应用前景。     

国际可再生能源新闻

太阳能世界最大聚光光伏工程开工作为美国第一批公共设施规模化电站之一,世界最大聚光光伏工程近日开工建设。美国能源部准备拨款9.06亿美元给位于科罗拉多州中南部的30MW的阿拉莫萨光伏发电项目作贷款担保计划。该光伏电站由Cogentrix能源公司建设,由聚光光学器件和由双轴追踪系统控制的多接面太阳电池板组合而成。预计多接面太阳电池板可达近40%的转换效率,为传统光伏太阳电池板的两倍。     

非晶硅合金太阳电池的最新进展

１９９７年非晶硅合金太阳电池技术的研究取得两大显著进展。第一，采用光谱分离三叠层结构制备的非晶硅太阳电池转化效率达到１３％，创下新的世界纪录；第二，三叠层结构太阳电池年生产能力达５ＭＷ，并已有多种产品出售。１对太阳电池的要求开发太阳电池的两个关键问...     

砷化镓基系Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物半导体太阳电池的发展和应用(1)

介绍以直接带隙Ⅲ-Ⅴ族材料为主体的多结叠层聚光太阳电池的特性和研发进展。据报道,三结叠层GaInP/GaAs/Ge太阳电池已成为空间能源的主力军,四结叠层GaInP/GaAs/GaInPAs/GaInAs聚光太阳电池的效率已达46.5%。在不远的将来,实现高效(50%)、低成本的Ⅲ-Ⅴ族多结叠层聚光电池是有现实可能的。     

聚光硅太阳电池的室外高光强测试

本文介绍了聚光硅太阳电池室外高光强测试仪的基本结构及使用方法,并讨论了测试数据的处理方法和温度对聚光硅太阳电池高光强测试的影响。     

Investigation of solar hybrid system with concentrating Fresnel lens,photovoltaic and thermoelectric generators

An experimental model of a solar hybrid system including photovoltaic (PV) module, concentrating Fresnel lens, thermoelectric generator (TEG), and running water heat extracting unit was created and studied. The PV module used was of c‐Si and TEG of Bi₂Te₃; the Fresnel lens (solar concentrator) and TEG share an optical train, whereas PV module was illuminated separately with non‐concentrated light. Heat extracting unit operated in thermo siphon mode. In climatic conditions of Mexico (Queretaro, 20^o of North latitude, summer time), the Fresnel lens accepted 120 W of solar radiation power, and the system generated 7.0 W of electric power and 30 W of thermal one. The discussion is made of the possible characteristics of a hypothetical hybrid system where all its elements share the same optical train. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Enhanced heat dissipation of V-trough PV modules for better performance

A concentrator photovoltaic (PV) module, in which solar cells are integrated in V-troughs, is designed for better heat dissipation. All channels in the V-trough channels are made using thin single Al metal sheet to achieve better heat dissipation from the cells under concentration. Six PV module strips each containing single row of 6 mono-crystalline Si cells are fabricated and mounted in 6 V-trough channels to get concentrator V-trough PV module of 36 cells with maximum power point under standard test condition (STC) of 44.5 W. The V-trough walls are used for light concentration as well as heat dissipation from the cells which provides 4 times higher heat dissipation area than the case when V-trough walls are not used for cooling. The cell temperature in the V-trough module remains nearly same as that in a flat plate PV module, despite light concentration. The controlled temperature and increased current density in concentrator V-trough cells results in higher V_oc of the module.     

Experimental evaluation of V-trough (2 suns) PV concentrator system using commercial PV modules

V-trough photovoltaic (PV) concentrator systems along with conventional 1-sun PV module is designed and fabricated to assess PV electricity cost ($/W) reduction. V-trough concentrator (2-sun) system is developed for different types of tracking modes: seasonal, one axis north–south and two axes tracking. Three design models based on these tracking modes are used to develop the V-trough for a 2-sun concentration. Commercially available PV modules of different make and types were evaluated for their usability under 2-sun concentration. The V-trough concentrator system with geometric concentration ratio of 2 (2-sun) increases the output power by 44% as compared to PV flat-plate system for passively cooled modules. Design models with lower trough angles gave higher output power because of higher glass transmittivity. PV modules with lower series resistance gave higher gain in output power. The unit cost ($/W) for a V-trough concentrator, based on different design models, is compared with that of a PV flat plate system inclined at latitude angle (Mumbai, φ=19.12°).     

Design and analysis of a CPV/T solar receiver with volumetric absorption combined spectral splitter

Spectral beam splitting is a promising technology to achieve the maximum electrical and thermal outputs from concentrating photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T) systems simultaneously. In this article, a novel CPV/T receiver is proposed by incorporating a fluid based filter together with a solid absorptive filter. The geometry of the receiver is developed for a designed linear flat mirror concentrator. According to the optical transmittance of both fluid based filters and solid absorptive filters, as well as their corresponding merit functions, four fluid filters and two solid filters are determined to be the candidates of the combined filter for the silicon concentrator solar cell. Then, a complete solar radiation propagation process from concentrator to the designed CPV/T receiver is simulated using ray tracing software-LightTools. The results show that the surface illumination uniformity of the PV module filtered by each combined filter under the linear flat mirror concentrator is higher than 96%. Using 5 g/L CoSO₄ solution and HB650 as the combined filter, 33.67% of the concentrated light can be directed to the PV module with the remainder collected by the filter as thermal energy and the silicon CPV cells can convert 27.06% of this energy into electrical power. This contributes to the fact that 92.43% of the light striking the PV module is within 650-1100 nm, which is the spectral response range of the cell can work efficiently. The total efficiency of 49.88% can be achieved with such a filter and the electrical efficiency is 9.1% with respect to the total incident power on the receiver.     

Effect of high irradiation on photovoltaic power and energy

Solar photovoltaics (PV) is a promising solution to combat against energy crisis and environmental pollution. However, the high manufacturing cost of solar cells along with the huge area required for well‐sized PV power plants are the two major issues for the sustainable expansion of this technology. Concentrator technology is one of the solutions of the abovementioned problem. As concentrating the solar radiation over a single cell is now a proven technology, so attempt has been made in this article to extend this concept over PV module. High irradiation intensity from 1000 to 3000 W/m² has been investigated to measure the power and energy of PV cell. The numerical simulation has been conducted using finite element technique. At 3000 W/m² irradiation, the electrical power increases by about 190 W compared with 63 W at irradiation level of 1000 W/m². At the same time, at 3000 W/m² irradiation, the thermal energy increases by about 996 W compared with 362 W at 1000 W/m² irradiation. Electrical power and thermal energy are enhanced by about 6.4 and 31.3 W, respectively, for each 100‐W/m² increase of solar radiation. The overall energy is increased by about 179.06% with increasing irradiation level from 1000 to 3000 W/m². It is concluded that the effect of high solar radiation using concentrator can significantly improve the overall output of the PV module.     

Design and fabrication of low concentrating second generation PRIDE concentrator

Prototype first generation Photovoltaic Facades of Reduced Costs Incorporating Devices with Optically Concentrating Elements (PRIDE) technology incorporating 3 and 9 mm wide single crystal silicon solar cells showed excellent power output compared to a similar non-concentrating system when it was characterized both indoors using a flash and continuous solar simulator. However, durability and instability of the dielectric material occurred in long-term characterisation when the concentrator was made by using casting technology. For large scale manufacturing process, durability, and to reduce the weight of the concentrator, second generation PRIDE design incorporated 6 mm wide “Saturn” solar cells at the absorber of dielectric concentrators. Injection moulding was used to manufacture 3 kWp of such PV concentrator module for building façade integration in Europe. Special design techniques and cost implications are implemented in this paper. A randomly selected PV concentrator was characterised at outdoors from twenty-four (≈3 kWp) 2nd-G PRIDE manufactured concentrators. The initial PV concentrators achieved a power ratio of 2.01 when compared to a similar non-concentrating system. The solar to electrical conversion efficiency achieved for the PV panel was 10.2% when characterised outdoors. In large scale manufacturing process, cost reduction of 40% is achievable using this concentrator manufacturing technology.     

Concentrating solar module with horizontal reflectors

A non-sun-tracking concentrating solar module is described that is designed to achieve photovoltaic (PV) systems with higher generation power density. The proposed concentrating module consists of a solar panel having a higher tilt angle than that of a conventional one and with a solar reflector placed in front of the solar panel on a downward inclination angle towards the panel. As a result of this configuration, the solar panel receives reflected as well as direct sunlight so that maximum irradiance and short-circuit current were increased. This configuration is expected to reduce the area required for solar panels, resulting in lower cost PV system.     

Non-concentrating and asymmetric compound parabolic concentrating building façade integrated photovoltaics: An experimental comparison

Concentration of solar energy increases the illuminated flux on the photovoltaic (PV) surface thus less PV material is required. A novel asymmetric compound parabolic photovoltaic concentrator has been characterised experimentally with a similar non-concentrating system. Different numbers of PV strings connected within the system have been analysed and a power ratio of 1.62 measured compared to a similar non-concentrating PV panel with the same cell area. The solar to electrical conversion efficiency of 8.6% and 6.8% was achieved for the non-concentrating panel the concentrating system, respectively. The measured average solar cell temperature of the PV in the concentrator system was only 12 °C higher than that of the similar non-concentrating system with same cell area.     

复合抛物面聚光太阳能PV/T系统的实验研究

设计并搭建了CPC低倍聚光太阳能PV/T单通道空气系统实验台,对不同工作环境下聚光PV/T系统的热电性能进行了实验研究。实验研究结果显示:在聚光条件下,系统的各表面温度随光照强度的增加而升高,随下部通道入口空气流速的增加而降低。聚光PV/T系统的最大输出功率可达到60W,比对应相同电池面积平板系统最大输出功率高20W。聚光PV/T系统的各效率随光照强度增加而增大,系统的最大电效率为11%,最大热效率为70%,最大火用效率为16%,比单纯发电时最大火用效率提高约5%。实验获得了一批新的有价值的实验数据,为聚光太阳能光伏光热系统的进一步研究提供了依据。     

Quantum dot solar concentrators: Electrical conversion efficiencies and comparative concentrating factors of fabricated devices

A novel, non-tracking concentrator is described, which uses nano-scale quantum dot technology to render the concept of a fluorescent dye solar concentrator (FSC) a practical proposition. The quantum dot solar concentrator (QDSC) comprises quantum dots (QDs) seeded in materials such as plastics and glasses that are suitable for incorporation into building façades. Photovoltaic (PV) cells attached to the edges convert direct and diffuse solar energy collected into electricity for use in the building. Small scale QDSC devices were fabricated. Devices have been characterised to determine current, voltage and power readings. Electrical conversion efficiencies, fill factors and comparative concentrating factors are reported.