不同极槽配合对永磁同步电机温度场的影响

针对散线绕组电机在温升计算时建模存在的问题,采用分层简化的模型来对绕组建模,将简化模型应用到发热、散热计算上后,温升结果和温度分布趋势较为接近,验证了简化模型在工程中应用的可行性。为研究定子槽数对电机温升的影响,以某型号可用于中小型直驱风力发电机的永磁同步电机（PMSM）为对象,采用分层简化模型对电机定子进行了建模,通过有限元仿真计算了电机定子温度场,得到了绕组平均温度随槽数的变化趋势。对32极36槽电机进行了试验测试来验证算法的准确性。应用同样的仿真方法计算得到了某水冷电机温升随槽数的变化趋势。研究结果表明：随着定子槽数的增加,电机温升逐渐降低,且降低幅度越来越小。当槽极数比大于4．5时,定子槽数对电机温升的影响不再明显。     

永磁同步电机的热路分析及热阻参数测试

针对永磁同步电机设计、参数优化和热分析等问题,对永磁同步电机的热路法温度计算进行了研究,建立了考虑安装和冷却方式的热路模型,提出了一种热路关键参数的测试方法,测试了机壳与空气间的等效热阻、端盖与空气间的等效热阻、安装板与空气间等效热阻,绕组与定子铁芯之间的等效热传导系数,机壳与定子铁芯之间的等效空气隙厚度、端盖与机壳间的等效空气隙厚度、安装板与端盖之间的等效空气隙厚度等热路参数.同时对热路模型进行了热阻敏感性分析,得到了影响电机温升的主要热路参数.实验结果表明,该热路模型和实验测试数据,可以较准确地计算电机温升,误差在5％以内.该热路模型和实验测试热路参数可为同类型电机的设计以及热分析提供很好的参考.     

盘式永磁电机温度场分析

永磁电机温度分布的合理性关乎电机设计的成败,针对使用传统等效热网络法计算盘式永磁电机稳态温度场精度不高的问题,考虑了盘式电机线圈两端气流流动差异,通过计算线圈两端重要部件的散热系数,建立等效热网络模型,计算结果与有限元分析值与实验值吻合。采用改进的等效热网络法,提高了计算盘式电机稳态温度场的精度。     

电动汽车轮毂电机磁—热双向耦合研究

针对电动汽车轮毂电机热负荷大、温升显著等问题,对轮毂电机的电磁场和温度场进行了仿真研究。首先,建立了表贴式外转子轮毂电机的几何模型;基于电磁场有限元模型和等效热网络模型,采用电磁—热双向耦合,实现了两物理场间损耗与温度数据的交换,准确计算出了电机损耗和温升数值;通过损耗和机壳的温升试验值,验证了电磁—热双向耦合仿真结果的合理性;采用该方法参数化分析了轮毂电机的结构。研究结果表明:气隙长度增加,定子铁心和绕组温度均随之上升;随着定子槽深度的增加,定子铁芯的温度呈先上升后下降的趋势。     

3.3MW永磁直驱风力发电机温度场仿真分析

兆瓦级永磁直驱风力发电机随着功率等级的提升,运行温度升高会对电机绝缘造成威胁,还会导致永磁体的不可逆退磁。针对这一问题,本文基于一台3.3MW,12r/min的外转子表贴式永磁电机,设计并建立了其径向强迫通风冷却结构,采用迭代仿真的方法合理地考虑电磁场与温度场的耦合关系,并基于流固耦合的方法对其温度场与流体流动情况进行分析。结果表明,本文所设计的通风结构具有一定的冷却效果,能够满足其安全稳定运行的需求,对兆瓦级永磁直驱风力发电机的冷却系统设计具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于多场耦合的电机复杂工况暂态温度场研究

针对负载变化的复杂工况下电机暂态温度场的计算问题,以小型封闭式结构的异步电机为对象,采用多场耦合的方法建立二维多场耦合模型,通过电磁场、温度场模型等效参数的合理设置和电磁场-温度场耦合参数的合理设置,计算复杂工况下电机二维全域暂态温度场。结合各种复杂工况下负载变化的热积累特点,以及电机全域及定子、绕组、转子和外壳等典型部位的温升变化,分析各种复杂工况下电机温升变化规律。通过搭建实验平台测试全域暂态温度场,分析对比实验数据与仿真数据,证明通过合理设置模型等效参数和耦合参数,多场耦合方法能准确的计算复杂发热状况下的电机暂态温度场、温升分布及变化规律。     

浅谈小型永磁式风力发电机的设计

本文根据自己长期小型发电设备设计经验,结合现有小型永磁式风力发电机的特点,介绍了目前对永磁同步电机设计在电机结构和优化设计等方向的研究,提出了永磁同步发电机在定子硅钢片、转子外壳、轴等结构上进行改进的设计和计算方法。     

挤塑机直驱永磁电机温度场的计算

针对挤塑机直驱永磁电机存在的温升过高的问题,对挤塑机直驱永磁电机的计算模型、散热系数、冷却水系数、损耗计算、温度场计算等方面进行了研究。采用场路耦合协同仿真的计算方法,对变频器供电情况下电机的绕组铜耗、考虑谐波影响的铁耗,以及杂散损耗进行了研究计算,建立了三维永磁电机模型,设计了电机的水冷却系统,利用Ansys软件进行了电机的三维稳态温升计算,获得了电机整机及关键部件的温度场分布;最后进行样机的温升实验。研究结果表明,采用场路耦合方法计算电机损耗准确,采用三维稳态温度场仿真数据与样机实验数据吻合良好,求解方法正确,可为直驱电机的设计提供一定的参考。     

兆瓦级直驱风力发电机瞬态短路有限元分析

针对兆瓦级永磁直驱风力发电机瞬间短路的情况,运用Ansoft电磁有限元分析软件对兆瓦级永磁同步风力发电机进行仿真分析。利用RMxprt模块对发电机进行快速建模,计算出绕组每相电阻值和端部漏感,再用Maxwel12D模块建立永磁同步风力发电机瞬间单相线问短路的仿真模型,得到发电机在最恶劣情况下电流和电磁转矩的波形曲线,并对结果进行综合分析,从而为大型风力发电机的优化设计及故障诊断提供必要的理论依据。     

三相同步交流电动机定子流场数值模拟

为了研究空冷电机内部定子通风沟内冷却空气的流动及分布状况,本文根据同步交流电动机定子通风系统内流体流动特点,建立定子通风系统流动的数学模型和物理模型,设置合理的边界条件,应用流体计算软件fluent进行求解计算,得到了电机定子通风系统内流体的分布状况,此方法可为电机通风散热系统设计提供理论依据。     

Development and Analysis of the Magnetic Circuit on Double-Radial Permanent Magnet and Salient-Pole Electromagnetic Hybrid Excitation Generator for Vehicles

With the improvement of vehicles electrical equipment, the existing silicon rectification generator and permanent magnet generator cannot meet the requirement of the electric power consumption of the modern vehicles electrical equipment. It is di cult to adjust the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet generator. Consequently, the output voltage is not stable. The silicon rectifying generator has the problems of low e ciency and high failure rate.In order to solve these problems, a new type of hybrid excitation generator is developed in this paper. The developed hybrid excitation generator has a double-radial permanent magnet, a salient-pole electromagnetic combined rotor,and a fractional slot winding stator, where each rotor pole corresponds to 4.5 stator teeth. The equivalent magnetic circuit diagram of permanent magnet rotor and magnetic rotor is established. Magnetic field finite element analysis(FEA) software is used to conduct the modeling and simulation analysis on double-radial permanent magnet magnetic field, salient-pole electro-magnetic magnetic field and hybrid magnetic field. The magnetic flux density mold value diagram and vector diagram are obtained. The diagrams are used to verify the feasibility of this design. The designed electromagnetic coupling regulator controller can ensure the stable voltage export by changing the magnitude and direction of the excitation current to adjust the size of the air gap magnetic field. Therefore, the problem of output voltage instability in the wide speed range and wide load range of the hybrid excitation generator is solved.     

基于VB的永磁同步电机设计及优化平台

为解决传统永磁同步电机由于设计计算和查表工作复杂、耗时长、计算修正参数过多而导致精确性较差等的问题,将禁忌算法和模糊控制应用到传统永磁同步电机设计中,利用Visual Basic编写程序,对永磁电机磁路法设计过程进行了编程,建立了动定子结构尺寸和电机工作特性曲线之间的关系,提出了一种优化电机效率和功率因素,调整电机结构尺寸的方法;利用有限元软件对永磁同步电机的电感、功率等几个重要参数加以验证,并进行了瞬态仿真试验。仿真试验结果表明,该优化方法可提高电机的功率因素和效率,减小定子的电流密度,并可有效地优化永磁同步电机。     

Calculation analysis of thermal loss and temperature field of in-wheel motor in micro-electric vehicle

To improve the efficiency and life of in-wheel motor in micro-electric vehicle, thermal loss and temperature field are calculated and analyzed. The mathematical model of thermal loss and temperature field was established, the equivalent model of stator winding was adequately handled, convection heat transfer coefficients was calculated, and the heat distribution of in-wheel motor was analyzed. Winding copper loss, stator and rotor core loss and eddy current loss of permanent magnet were calculated, which were coupled to the temperature field as the heat sources. This paper effectively simplified and dealt with the inner complex radiating coefficient. Three-dimensional finite element model of temperature field was established, and static and transient state temperatures were simulated and analyzed. Overall temperature of the stator region is higher than that of the rotor region. Temperature of stator iron core is basically accord with the temperature of equivalent insulating film, but both are less than the temperature of equivalent winding. The conformity of the measurement results with the final simulation results shows that three-dimensional finite element method is accurate and feasible to analyze thermal loss and temperature distribution of in-wheel motor, which can afford a theoretical basis to optimize the in-wheel motor.     

基于双PWM的兆瓦级风电机组并网控制策略的研究

针对兆瓦级永磁同步发电机组并网的控制要求,根据三相电压型PWM整流器开关函数的数学模型,本文提出了基于背靠背双PWM变流器的风力发电机组的并网控制策略,建立了该策略的等效电路模型,并重点研究了基于直接电流控制双闭环级联结构的三相电压型PWM整流器的控制策略。通过对该并网控制策略的等效电路进行仿真分析,网侧输出的三相交流相电流的总谐波畸变率仅为3.64%,电流波形正弦度良好,验证了该并网控制策略的可行性。     

Validation of thermal and electrical model for induction motors using fiber Bragg gratings

This works presents the simulation and validation of the thermal, electrical and mechanical models of a three-phase induction motor (TIM). Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are used to measure stator temperature and validate the thermal model. The knowledge of the relationship between losses and temperature variation in the TIM makes a simulation of the motor possible. To determine losses in the TIM an equivalent electrical circuit in arbitrary reference frame is used, which combines a traditional model with the more usual modeling of losses in the stator iron. The thermal study of the motor is performed using an equivalent thermal circuit formed by thermal capacitances and thermal conductivities that are separately considered for the stator and rotor. The losses calculated with the electrical and mechanical models are the input parameters for the thermal model. The simulation of the electrical model produces an error of approximately 4.2% when determining the Joule effect losses in the motor when compared to the experimentally obtained results. The simulation of the mechanical model presents an error of 0.2% for the losses due to friction and ventilation. The stator and rotor temperature, obtained with the thermal model, presented a high correlation with the measured values. The thermal model presents a maximum error of 0.75 °C when one compares them to the average experimental values of temperature in the stator during the temperature transient behavior. When the temperature in the stator reaches steady state, the experimental and simulated results converge to the same values. The use of FBGs to measure temperature in the machine allowed a thermal model to be developed, which also uses the mechanical losses of the machine and is the main contribution of this work.     

Design and determination of stator geometry for axial flux permanent magnet free rod rotor synchronous motor

During designing a new axial flux permanent magnet free rod rotor synchronous motor, it is important to know before hand in which phase the largest angular velocity can occur, what is the ways to reduce the power consumption, how to achieve to increase or decrease the rotation speed by changing the core geometry. Therefore, presenting these preliminary information that are necessary for the design of a free rod rotor synchronous motor to the researchers is the aim of this work. In this respect, this study presents the design and geometrical dimensions of the stator for a new synchronous motor which is an axial flux permanent magnet free rod machine with three, four, five and six phases. This type of motors are an innovative approach especially for the applications used in industrial stirrers. Each type of stator is designed such that it has an appropriate number of phases. The rotating magnetic field over the stator is established by a PIC based microcontroller feeding the interface circuit to the stator wounds. The maximum angular speeds of bar magnet rotors with four different lengths and masses are calculated theoretically and determined experimentally. In addition, the effects of the distance between the rotor and stator, the angular speed of the rotor within the limits of the operation, and the volume of the liquid to be stirred to the power applied are investigated. Furthermore, the effects of the lengths and angular speeds of the bar magnet rotors to the distance between the rotor and stator are determined. In the light of the information obtained and taking into account the power used, the most appropriate parameters and variables such as the stator geometry changing with the phase used, the length of rotor, the distance between the rotor and stator and the angular speeds of rotor are determined.     

径向二自由度混合磁轴承参数设计与分析

介绍了永磁偏磁径向磁轴承的结构及其悬浮力产生机理；用等效磁路法对混合磁轴承的磁路进行计算，得出了最大承载力的条件和数学表达式，给出了参数设计和计算过程；用有限元软件进行了仿真验算。研究结果表明：增大永磁体内部磁动势可提高轴承的承载力、稳定性及减小功放损耗；当偏磁磁通大于饱和磁通的一半时，实际承载力最大。     

低速高效垂直轴风力发电机及其特性分析

针对低风速区风力发电机需要低风速切入问题,研究了一种低速高效的定子无铁芯轴向磁通永磁风力发电机。对影响发电机性能的关键参数对进行了归纳,提出了一种单层非重叠集中绕组和优选"切饼"型磁极组合的设计理念。确定了定子无铁芯轴向磁通永磁风力发电机性能分析参数方案。利用三维有限元发电机设计平台,对发电机的空载输出特性,交、直流负载输出特性和不同转速下的负载输出特性进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,该结构发电机的各项基本电磁参数和输出特性均能满足低速风力发电系统的特殊要求:优选的磁极结构使发电机总永磁体耗用量节约11.5%,发电机最大输出效率达87.75%;低转速范围运行时,效率维持在85%以上;不同工况下输出电能总谐波畸变率低于3%。     

混合式永磁同步电机弱磁性能的研究

针对传统永磁同步电机弱磁性能不佳的问题,提出了应用混合式结构来改善永磁同步电机弱磁性能。研究了传统永磁同步电机的结构,得出了传统永磁同步电机弱磁困难的原因是电枢磁势和转子励磁磁势的不对等。分析了混合式永磁同步电机的结构,得出了其转子永磁体用量少,励磁磁势较小;气隙很小同步电感大,短路电流与额定电流的比值小。介绍了应用短路电流与额定电流的比值来判断永磁同步电机弱磁性能的方法,分析得出了混合式结构弱磁性能要好于传统永磁同步电机。采用了基于直轴电流负向控制的附加闭环方法进行弱磁控制,对传统永磁同步电机和混合式永磁同步电机的弱磁性能进行了对比实验,混合式结构的弱磁扩速倍数为传统式结构的2.63倍。研究结果表明,混合式结构可以有效提升永磁同步电机弱磁性能。     

新型耐高温磁力联轴器传递转矩的数值计算

磁力联轴器的出现,彻底解决了某些机械装置中动密封存在的泄漏问题。为了进一步拓宽采用高性能钕铁硼稀土永磁体的磁力联轴器的使用范围,借鉴感应式异步电机的工作原理,研制了一种不同于以往利用永磁体同性相斥、异性相吸原理工作的同步式磁力联轴器的异步感应式耐高温磁力联轴器。为了计算其传递的转矩,将其外转子变换为等效的异步电机的定子绕组,运用数值方法,初步分析了联轴器内部涡流场的分布,并最终得出了其所传递转矩的计算方法。