由二氧化硫生产元素硫

WorleyParsons创新性二氧化硫还原工艺可有效地从二氧化硫气体中回收硫,能够处理矿石沸腾炉、冶炼和燃煤电厂排放气以减少硫排放量。该新工艺是对几种成熟工艺的创新性组合:CH4与硫蒸气反应生成CS2, CS2随后催化水解生成H2S,H2S与SO2进行Claus反应生成硫。主要优点是较低的燃料消耗、较少的排放量、较好的产品硫质量和较高的操作稳定性。     

高效菌群＋BAF生物曝气滤池工艺在化肥厂高浓度氨氮废水处理中的应用研究

某炼化分公司化肥厂现有污水处理系统不能满足其排放废水的处理要求,经现场调查和试验,本项目拟采用“微生物反应池＋BAF生物曝气滤池”为主体工艺、通过投加“倍加清”专性菌对该厂废水进行处理。研究表明,改造后污水处理系统处理废水能达到回用水标准．且运行成本低,有利于今后推广应用。     

微生物法处理含锌废水的试验研究

微生物处理重金属污染废水具有潜在的优势。本试验在厌氧或兼性厌氧的条件下采用液体培养基对菌种S-1和菌种S-2培养,两菌种在48h后对锌的去除率达到80％左右．大大缩短了微生物去除锌的反应周期。试验从培养基筛选、菌种筛选、生长曲线、对锌的耐性、pH值、温度等方面进行了细致的研究．为今后更深入的研究工作奠定了基础。     

Preparation of zeolitic adsorbents from waste coal fly ash

Power plants burning coal generate a large amount of fly ash as waste matter. The objective of this study is to produce zeolitic adsorbents that possesses high adsorptive capacity for toxic cations. The sample was first pretreated with a High Intensity Magnetic Separator for the removal of iron and magnetic materials (mainly Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂). The zeolitic adsorbents were prepared under the various conditions of NaOH concentration (1–5 N), reaction time from 3 to 96 hours and at the various temperatures of 60, 80 and 100°C. The results of the experiment showed that the coal fly ash should be synthesized with 4 N NaOH for 48 hours at 100°C in order to have good adsorptive capacity. The zeolitic adsorbents showed higher cation exchange capacity values than the natural zeolite in removing NH ₄ ⁺ , Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺and Cd²⁺ions.     

控制污水排放推行清洁生产

阐述了清洁生产的概念及意义，介绍了乙烯装置污水预处理系统存在的问题，推行清洁生产的情况及所做的工作，指出清洁生产是一项系统工程，需要付出多方面的努力。     

环己酮生产中皂化废碱液的资源化利用及处理

介绍了环己烷液相氧化法生产环己酮过程中皂化废碱液的资源化利用及处理方法,该方法的工艺步骤为:向皂化废碱液中通入足量的二氧化碳气体进行碳酸化反应,固液分离后提取碳酸氢钠,经煅烧后获取碳酸钠;蒸发分离残液,脱出其中50%的水分,脱出的水经生化处理达标排放;在蒸发残液中加入硫酸进行亲电取代反应,固液分离后提取硫酸钠和皂化油,同时处理反应过程中产生的废气;将皂化油在蒸馏釜内进行蒸馏,提取一元有机酸和清洁燃料油。     

Effect of early stages of coal oxidation on its reaction with elemental sulphur

The present research shows how mild oxidation of coal mostly affects the evolution of H₂S produced in the reaction of coal with elemental sulphur. Coal samples oxidized at 30, 50, 80 and 150°C were reacted with sulphur in a temperature-programmed reactor. The H₂S produced in the reaction is very sensitive to the initial stage of the oxidation of coal. The strongest reduction in the amount of H₂S evolved was observed in the samples oxidized at 30°C. This temperature is lower than the one found in most coal storage places. The reaction with elemental sulphur could be used to monitor the initial stages of coal oxidation, which otherwise would be difficult to follow by conventional analytical methods.     

环氧丙烷生产废水的处理

论述了氯醇法环氧丙烷装置产生的皂化废水的处理方法,探讨了采用数据分析提高皂化废水处理能力的方法,并提出了相应的处理措施.     

臭氧氧化法处理焦化废水的研究

本文研究了臭氧对焦化废水的处理,提出了臭氧氧化酚的机理。研究发现,对于COD值小于1000mg/L、酚含量小于500mg/L的焦化废水,臭氧氧化是很有效的。     

芬顿催化氧化法在焦化废水处理中的应用

针对芬顿催化氧化工艺存在的问题进行了原因分析,在药品选择、药品投加方案、投加条件、刮泥机运行时间、pH值调节、混凝沉淀池增加挡板等方面进行改进。将芬顿催化氧化法应用到净化焦化废水中,出水指标达到国家一级排放标准。     

Durability of concrete with addition of dry sludge from waste water treatment plants

This paper evaluates the use of dry sludge as an additive for concrete, for which it must be guaranteed that the resulting concrete has the appropriate mechanical strength and durability.In earlier work on the subject, it was shown that the addition of sludge reduces the mechanical strength of concrete. With the addition of 10% sludge in proportion to the amount of concrete, the mechanical strength decreases significantly, making it unsuitable for medium- to high-strength reinforced concrete.One possible area of application would be in the preparation of low-strength mass concrete that could be used for bases and subbases of roads with light traffic, as filler, etc.We subjected the concrete specimens to different types of accelerated attack in order to evaluate long-term performance and compare them with the reference concrete (not containing sludge).The following tests were made:

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Combined wet-dry cycles using fresh water, seawater and water containing 5% sulphates

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Accelerated ageing in an autoclave

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Accelerated carbonation

The performance of the concrete containing sludge was acceptable and comparable to the results obtained for the reference concrete not containing sludge.     

利用钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废酸研制氯化聚合硫酸铁

介绍利用钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废酸为原材料制取氯化聚合硫酸铁的工艺流程,产品质量达到部标要求,是钛白废副产品综合利用的又一途径。     

己二酸废水处理装置的节能减排技术

针对己二酸废水处理装置改造前能耗高、污染严重的问题,从蒸气能量利用、减少装置氧化氮废气排放,含硝酸吸收水可利用浓度等方面对节能减排改造的理论依据进行了分析,介绍了节能减排改造的技术措施和效果。     

Modified characteristics of mesophase pitch prepared from coal tar pitch by adding waste polystyrene

The toluene soluble of coal tar pitch was carbonized with waste polystyrene. The properties of mesophase pitches were characterized using polarized light optical microscope, apparent viscometer, FT-IR, ¹H NMR and X-ray diffractometer. After adding the waste polystyrene into the toluene soluble of coal tar pitch, the soluble mesophase were was increased from about 9% to 52% and the mesophase pitches were changed from 74% with coarse mosaic texture to 100% with flow domain texture. The mesophase pitches were transformed from thixotropy to unthixotropy. By waste polystyrene added into the toluene soluble of coal tar pitch, the methylene group was increased a lot. The presence of more alkyl groups modified the characteristics of mesophase pitches and improved the assembly of mesophase pitch molecules.     

荧光剂生产废水新型高效组合处理方法

荧光增白剂废水对人体和环境有很大危害。采用回收废酸、H2O2、石灰等廉价试剂,通过酸性净化—微波+Fenton氧化法—碱化—生物法联合方法,处理某化工厂的荧光废水,使其COD从5 480 mg/L降至75 mg/L。该方法以废治废,生产成本低,净化效果显著。     

磷肥含氟废水输送装置的技术改造

对含氟废水处理装置进行了改造 :增加水封罐 ,选用与水封罐相联的高硅铁卧式离心泵代替原立式液下泵。通过计算 ,确定了水封罐的容积和尺寸。改造后 ,不仅增加了废水调节池的有效容积 ,且泵的耐蚀性和耐磨性得以显著改善 ,装置得以正常运行。     

焦化废水处理工艺升级改造的实践

对邯钢焦化厂的废水处理工艺进行技术升级改造,改造主要针对预处理系统和生化系统,将A—A／O法工艺改造成A／O法工艺后,废水处理达到了国家一级排放标准。同时对改造前后工艺的优缺点及生产过程中的影响因素进行了分析。     

A comparative study on co-combustion performance of municipal solid waste and Indonesian coal with high ash Indian coal: A thermogravimetric analysis

In recent years there has been an increasing utilization of coal blends in the Indian power industry, with Indonesian coal, due to high ash content and shortages in domestic coal production. On the other hand, rapid economic growth is aggravating the municipal solid waste (MSW) related environmental problems. In this study, an attempt has been made to compare the co-combustion characteristics of hydrothermally treated MSW and Indonesian coal with high ash Indian coal, so as to replace the Indonesian coal with MSW. The effect of blending Indonesian coal and hydrothermally treated MSW with Indian coal on ignition behavior was studied. MSW blends of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% (in wt.%), and an Indonesian blend of 10% with Indian coal were tested in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) in the temperature from ambient to 700 °C with a temperature increase of 10 °C/min. From the results, at 10% of blend, ignition and carbon burnout were similar for Indonesian and MSW blend, analogous to coal combustion and even better than the Indonesian coal blend, which indicated the feasibility for replacing Indonesian coal with hydrothermally treated MSW. Further, the results show a scope to increase the MSW blend in Indian coal up to 20%, as the constituents behave as a single fuel.     

厌氧预处理+初沉+好氧组合工艺在处理EPS及PET化纤生产废水上的应用

介绍了厌氧预处理+初沉+好氧组合工艺在处理可发性聚苯乙烯(EPS)及PET化纤生产废水上的应用,设计处理规模2 000 m~3/d。通过该工艺处理后,出水水质符合国家相关标准规定的三级要求。     

从废液和废渣中回收硫并获得效益

介绍从硫酸和磺化剂装置产生的含硫废渣以及从磷酸装置产生的含硫酸盐废液中心收硫的几种技术。硫过滤机的滤饼和熔硫沉降懵的硫渣与65％发烟硫酸或液体SO3一起送入反应器生成SO2，SO2作为产品或送入硫酸厂生产硫酸，惰性物料干燥后填埋处理。采用生物技术利用硫酸盐还原菌将磷石膏中的硫酸盐还原成H2S气体，然后再通过Claus硫回收装置转化为硫磺。从含硫废渣中回收硫的方案不仅是环境友好的技术，而且可生成高附加值的纯净二氧化硫，而对于含硫碳氯化合物或矿物资源匮乏的国家来说，使用生物技术是一种可行方案，该工艺不仅可以解决排放问题，而且可以获得经济效益，然而要实现工业应用还需进一步努力。