国际标准中的绿色包装新概念

国际标准中的绿色包装新概念ＮｅｗＣｏｎｃｅｐｔ：ｔｈｅＧｒｅｅｎＰａｃｋａｇｉｎｇｉｎＩＳＯ１４０００Ｓｅｒｉｅｓ韩景平＊王渝珠＊＊ＨａｎＪｉｎｇｐｉｎｇＷａｎｇＹｕｚｈｕＩＳＯ１４０００ｃｏｍｅｉｎｔｏｅｆｅｃｔｉｎ１９９６．Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｒｅ...     

欧盟实施包装废弃物回收法令的现状

欧盟实施包装废弃物回收法令的现状李连杰ＴｈｅＬａｗｏｆＰａｃｋａｇｉｎｇＲｅｃｙｃｌｉｎｇｉｎＥＣ$ＬｉＬｉａｎｊｉｅＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｌＤｅｐｔ．ｏｆＥｕｒＯＰｅａｎＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙｒｅｖｉｓｅｄｔｈｅｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｏｆｒ?..     

Proposals Concerning the Modifications of “Amount of substance”,“mole” ɑnd the Definition and Symbol of Avogadro Constant.

ＰｒｏｐｏｓɑｌｓＣｏｎｃｅｒｎｉｎｇｔｈｅＭｏｄｉｆｉｃɑｔｉｏｎｓｏｆ“Ａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆｓｕｂｓｔɑｎｃｅ”，“ｍｏｌｅ”ɑｎｄｔｈｅＤｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎɑｎｄＳｙｍｂｏｌｏｆＡｖｏｇɑｄｒｏＣｏｎｓｔɑｎｔ．□ＲｅｎｙｉＳｈｅｎ（Ｎｅｉｊｉɑｎ...     

复合包装材料的选择

复合包装材料的选择董志武ＴｈｉｎｋｏｎＴｈｅＣｈｏｉｃｅＣｒｉｔｅｒｉａｏｆＬａｍｉｎａｔｉｎｇＰａｃｋａｇｉｎｇＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ￥ＤｏｎｇＺｈｉｗｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓｔｈａｔｈａｖｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｎｃｈｏｏｓｉｎｇａｓｕｉｔ...     

Operational Readiness Prediction Method and the Implementation of Orcads

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｔｏｔａｌｔａｒｇｅｔｏｆａｎｙｎｅｗｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔｓｙｓｔｅｍｍｕｓｔｍｅｅｔａｍｉｌｉｔａｒｙｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｗｉｔｈａｎａｃｃｅｐｔａｂｌｅｃｏｓｔ．Ｔｈｅｋｅｙｔｏａｃｈｉｅｖｅｔｈｅｔａｒｇｅｔｉ...     

1Cr0.5Mo钢焊接接头蠕变裂纹扩展速率的评定

在５３８℃温度下用ＣＴ试样对１Ｃｒ０．５Ｍｏ钢焊接接头进行蠕变裂纹扩展试验，得出焊接接头熔合线附近母材一侧的性能薄弱区ｄａ／ｄｔ＝０．０１４０５４（Ｃ．（ｔ）＾０．８８４９的规律，服役２６年的发电厂主蒸汽管道重新焊接制成的ＳＮＳ接头，其ｄａ／ｄｔ～Ｃ（ｔ）的数据基本上落在同类新材料的ＮＮＮ接头的数据分散带附近，由此可以证实，焊接接头一旦出现较为严重的损伤，它以采用剔除接头及其附近材料的方法进行重新     

项目管理软件：计算机辅助的项目管理

介绍了计算机辅助的项目计划和控制基本过程的主要特征，这是借助于Ｓｃｉｔｏｒ有限公司的项目管理软件Ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ Ｓｃｈｅｄｕｌｅｒ６进行的。     

蠕变/疲劳共同作用下寿命估算方法

通过载荷谱转换，将带保载时间的蠕变／疲劳循环用不带保载时间的纯疲劳循环代替，提出蠕变／疲劳共同作用时的寿命估算方法。对１２Ｃｒ１ＭｏＶ钢母材和焊材的蠕变／疲劳交互作用试验数据的分析结果表明，本方法方便、实用。提出一个表征蠕变／疲劳连续加载时交互作用行为的参数，蠕变／疲劳寿命比。分析认为，材料的蠕变疲劳交互作用行为与该比值的大小腾。材料在蠕变／疲劳共同作用下呈这是呈负交经作用，并非材料固有的特性，还取决于载荷条件。     

论包装生产线的规划设计

论包装生产线的规划设计丁智平ＰＡＣＫＡＧＩＮＧＬＩＮＣＯＰＩＡＮＮＩＮＧＯＦＤＥＳＩＧＮＩＮＧ￥ＤｉｎｇＺｈｉｐｉｎｇＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｉｎｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅ，ｔｈｅａｓｐｅｃｔｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｉｎｐｌａｎｎｉｎｇａｎｅｗｐａｃｋａｇｉｎｇ...     

蠕变状态下高强匹配异种钢接头力学特性分析

本文利用有限元计算了高强匹配展览中钢接头在蠕变状态下的应力应变场。计算结果表明，接头的应力应变呈不均匀分布特性，在焊缝界面区，应力应变分布梯度取决于焊缝和母材之间的蠕变强度比δ＾ＷＣ／δ＾ｂｃ最高应力位于δｈｃ／δｌｃ界面的高强焊缝侧，最高应变集中在δｈｃ／δｌｃ界面的低强母材侧。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.