荧光聚丙烯酰胺纳米微球的合成及性能测试

以丙烯酰胺（AM）、十六烷基二甲基烯丙基氯化铵（C16DMAAC）为聚合单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂,煤油为油溶性溶剂,Span 20/Tween 80为复配乳化剂,采用氧化还原引发剂体系（过硫酸铵/亚硫酸氢钠）,通过反相微乳液法向聚合体系中引入荧光素,以此制备一种荧光聚丙烯酰胺纳米微球。随后用荧光光谱和激光粒度分析仪分别对聚合物的荧光性能和粒径大小进行分析,并对聚合物的抗剪切性能及高温和高矿化度条件下的膨胀率进行测试。结果显示：聚丙烯酰胺微球表现出较强的荧光性,尺寸为纳米级,粒径分布在1～100 nm,同时聚丙烯酰胺微球具有较高的粘度和抗剪切性能,在高温和高矿度条件下都具有较强的溶胀性能,膨胀倍数均超过20倍。     

含2种介晶基元的液晶弹性体合成与性能研究

合成了一种向列液晶单体（M1）和一种新型手液晶交联单体（M2）,与含氢聚硅氧烷（PM-HS）接枝共聚。交联剂的摩尔分数从0－20%,得到了一系列侧链液晶弹性体P1－P7。通过差式扫描量热仪（DSC）、偏光显微镜（POM）和X-射线分析等手段对聚合物的结构、液晶性能及热性能进行了表征。结果表明,聚合物P1为向列液晶聚合物,P2－P6为胆甾液晶弹性体,P7没有液晶性。随着交联单体M2摩尔分数在体系中的增加,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）、清亮点（Ti）和介晶范围逐渐降低。     

稀土/支化聚芳酰胺复合高分子的制备与表征

采用合成的Eu-NTA和对二氨基联苯(ODA)为单体,亚磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和吡啶(Py)为浓缩剂,用溶液聚合的方法制备出具有荧光性能的聚合物Eu-NTA-co-ODA。对所合成聚合物利用红外光谱、溶解性能测试、XRD、紫外光谱与荧光光谱等手段进行了表征。通过红外光谱分析表明,聚合物Eu-NTA-co-ODA成功合成,Eu3+与聚合物体系中羰基发生了作用。通过荧光光谱分析表明Eu-NTA-co-ODA与Eu-NTA的荧光谱带的位置和形状基本相同,都反映了Eu3+的特征发射,位于592nm处的荧光发射为Eu3+的5D0→7F1磁偶极跃迁峰,出现在618nm处的跃迁为Eu3+的5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁峰,强度高于磁偶极跃迁峰,表现出红色荧光。     

磷钨酸掺杂聚苯胺/醋酸纤维素复合膜的合成及其导电性能

以苯胺作为导电聚合物单体,以普通高分子如醋酸纤维素作为成膜材料,以磷钨酸为掺杂剂制备二维聚苯胺/醋酸纤维素（PANI/CA）导电聚合物复合膜。利用红外和紫外光谱等测试手段对复合膜进行组成以及结构方面的表征。探索了导电聚合物复合膜制备的最佳工艺条件,并考察了复合膜的导电性。     

含氯前聚物法（CPR）合成聚萘乙炔前聚物

研究了含氯前聚物法合成聚萘乙炔中催化剂、单体浓度、碱滴加速度、反应介质、反应温度对前聚合物产率、分子量等的影响。用红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁（NMR）、色谱－质谱（GC－MS）、元素分析等手段对聚合物进行了表征。     

丙烯酰胺类荧光聚合物的合成

对国内外丙烯酰胺类荧光聚合物的合成进展进行了综述。丙烯酰胺类荧光聚合物可通过可参与聚合的荧光染料及其标记的单体与丙烯酰胺类水溶性单体共聚,或荧光染料与丙烯酰胺类水溶性聚合物及其衍生物反应制得。这类聚合物的荧光检测的下限已达到０１×１０－６～００１×１０－６。     

氯霉素分子印迹聚合物合成功能单体筛选及分子识别性能

要获得吸附识别性能良好的非共价型分子印迹聚合物,聚合前模板分子与功能单体间的相互作用情况至关重要。本文以氯霉素（CAP）为模板分子,分别以甲基丙烯酸（MAA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸（AA）和丙烯酰胺（AM）为功能单体,采用分子动力学计算和紫外光谱法研究单体与模板分子间的相互作用情况以筛选单体,并用实验进行印证。分子动力学计算出结合能ΔE的大小顺序为MAA>AA>AM>MMA;紫外光谱中最大吸收峰红移程度的顺序同样为MAA>AA>AM>MMA,且MAA：CAP=1:4（摩尔比）时两者间已有较强的相互作用。静态吸附法测定由各功能单体合成的CAP分子印迹聚合物微球（MIPMs）的饱和吸附量,结果显示：四种功能单体合成的MIPMs对CAP的吸附性能均明显优于相应非印迹聚合物,不同功能单体所得聚合物的饱和吸附量也有显著差异,其大小顺序同样为MAA>AA>AM>MMA。这一结果与分子动力学计算及紫外光谱分析结果相吻合。最后以MAA为功能单体优化制备MIPMs,扫描电镜表明所得聚合物微球具有良好的单分散性,平均粒径为8.44祄,分散系数为14.2%。用静态平衡结合法对不同CAP与MAA比例合成的MIPMs的吸附识别性能进行研究。实验结果表明所制备MIPMs对CAP的静态分配系数明显高于对结构类似物甲砜霉素（TAP）和氟甲砜霉素（FF）的静态分配系数,具有明显的特异识别性。在CAP:MAA=1:4时,CAP与TAP间的分离因子高达4.57。     

两亲性无规聚合物P（MMA-co-MAA）的合成及其自组装研究

由疏水性单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和亲水性单体甲基丙烯酸（MAA）进行自由基溶液共聚,合成了一系列配比不同的两亲性无规聚合物P（MMA-co-MAA）,用红外光谱、核磁共振和凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物结构进行了表征。采用一种操作过程简单、快捷、环保的新方法制备了聚合物胶束,即将一定质量的聚合物溶于碱性水溶液中,通过中和原理进行自组装,并得到球形胶束。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和激光光散射（DLS）法,研究了聚合物中基团摩尔比例不同时对胶束形貌和流体动力学半径（Rh）的影响。     

肠溶型包衣材料丙烯酸树脂乳液的制备

以甲基丙烯酸（MAA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和丙烯酸丁酯（BA）为聚合单体,通过乳液聚合方式,合成了具有内增塑性能的肠溶型丙烯酸树脂。考察了原料配比、引发剂用量、乳化剂用量、反应温度、分子量调节剂、加料方式对乳液稳定性及膜性能的影响。用红外光谱对聚合物分子结构进行了表征,用DSC测试了聚合物的热稳定性,用黏度法测定了聚合物的相对分子质量,并且测试了膜在不同pH值溶液中的失重率,并且对包衣片崩解性能进行初步实验。结果表明,聚合物的热稳定性较好,相对分子质量在15—20万之间,膜在碱性条件下失重率较大,而在酸性条件下失重率较小,符合药典要求。     

量子点-聚苯乙烯复合微球的制备及荧光光谱的研究

用无皂乳液聚合制备了交联聚苯乙烯微球,讨论了单体、引发剂浓度,共聚单体等对微球粒径,单分散性的影响,并用FTIR和SEM对上述样品的结构进行了表征。在单体的配方中,加入1%二乙烯基苯作为交联剂,加入1%丙烯酸使小球表面功能化,便于后续与无机量子点和有机材料的结合。以氯仿/正丁醇为混合溶胀剂,将聚合物微球与CdSe量子点或CdSe/ZnS复合,制得含有两种或两种以上的不同量子点的高分子复合荧光微球。通过荧光光谱的测试,出现了两个或两种以上互不干扰的特征峰。为在聚合物微球中注入多种量子点,制得荧光探针,并实施量子点编码进行了初步的前期探索工作。     

Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of fluorine-containing poly(phenylene vinylene) bearing hexafluorocyclopentene-fused phenanthrene unit

The intramolecular oxidative photocyclization of 1,2-diarylhexafluorocyclopentene ( 1 ) under light irradiation (λ = 365 nm) provided hexafluorocyclopentene-fused phenanthrene with formyl groups ( 2 ) in moderate yield. The copolymerization of 2 with tetraethyl(2,5-bis(dodecyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(methylene)diphosphonate by the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction gave a fluorine-containing poly(phenylene vinylene), Polymer-2, in 41% yield. For comparison, a diphenylethene-type copolymer, Polymer-1, was also prepared analogously. The number-average molecular weights of Polymer-1 and Polymer-2 were 8900 and 3300 g mol^?1, respectively. The copolymers showed high thermal stability, as revealed by their thermogravimetric analysis. UV–visible spectra of the copolymers in CHCl₃ showed π–π* transition peaks at around 420 nm, and the peaks shifted to longer wavelengths by ca 10 nm for samples in film form. The photoluminescence spectra of Polymer-1 and Polymer-2 exhibited peaks at 542 and 560 nm in CHCl₃, respectively, whereas the photoluminescence intensity of Polymer-2 was very low in the solid state, presumably owing to the partial aggregation of the polymer molecules. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(dioxynaphthylene-1,4-dicarbonylnaphthylene)s with various isomeric naphthylene links

Summary Six all-naphthylene polyesters were prepared by the condensation of 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NA) chloride with 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-, 2,3-, 2,6-, and 2,7-naphthalenediol (ND) isomers and effects of the isomerism of NDs on structure and properties of the polyesters were investigated.The polymers-1,4,-1,5 and-2,6 with more or less linear ND link were insoluble and the others with bent ND link were soluble in the mixed solvent from phenol/p-chlorophenol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane(TCE). The polymer-2,6 with the most linear ND link did not show a T_g and the highest decomposition initiation temperature(T_D) and T_g's and T_D's of the other polymers were only marginally dependent on their structures.The polymer-2,3 is believed to have a macrocyclic structure consisting of four to six monomer units and the polymer-1,6 is amorphous in its stable chain conformation, while all the other polymers are semicrystalline. The polymers-1,4and-1,5 exhibited an irreversible crystal-to-crystal transition at 380 and 320°C, respectively, whereas the polymer-2,6 a reversible one at 240°C. The polymer-2,7 exhibited an irreversible crystal-to-amorphous transition at 360°C.     

Uncatalyzed synthesis of polyacetylene with viologen side groups and their chemical properties

A substituted polyacetylene (PA) with viologen side groups (Polymer-1) was obtained from the reaction of 4-ethynylaniline with 1-hexyl-1′-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dihalide (Salt-1). Model compounds (Model-1 and Model-2) were synthesized by the reaction of Salt-1 with aniline and 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-trimethylsilylacetylene, respectively. UV–vis spectra revealed that Polymer-1 had an expanded π-conjugation system along the polymer chain: the polymer showed an onset position of absorption at a wavelength approximately 200 nm longer than the corresponding wavelengths of the model compounds. Polymer-1 received an electrochemical reduction of the viologen group within the polymer, and the electrochemical reaction was accompanied by electrochromism.     

静电纺PLA微/纳米纤维膜的浸润性能研究

采用静电纺丝技术制备聚乳酸(PLA)微/纳米纤维膜,研究了其可纺性、浸润性能及结构。结果表明:以二氯甲烷为溶剂的PLA电纺丝溶液,当PLA质量分数为7%时,可纺出纤维直径为280～690 nm的PLA微/纳米纤维膜。PLA微/纳米纤维膜与水的接触角为127.6°,高于PLA流延膜与水的接触角107.7°;红外光谱分析表明,PLA微/纳米纤维膜的分子组成没有发生变化;X光电子能谱测试表明PLA微/纳米纤维膜的表面碳氧含量比高于PLA流延膜,PLA微/纳米纤维膜的疏水性得到提高。     

水镁石纳米纤维／EVA复合材料的力学性能与阻燃性能研究

采用化学作用与机械力结合的方法，将天然水镁石剥离到纳米单纤维级，并采用有机分散剂将其均匀分散，使其可以采用常规的工业挤出设备(如双螺杆挤出机)制备水镁石纳米纤维/EVA复合材料。在这种纳米复合材料中，纤维分散均匀，与EVA高分子结合牢固，对EVA的力学性能改善明显，为水镁石作为阻燃剂在高分子材料中的广泛应用提供了一种方便可行的方案。     

Synthesis and Properties of Fumaric Copolymers as Potential Bitumen Modifiers

New copolymers of dioctyl fumarate (DOF) and styrene (S) were synthetized by radical polymerization and used to modify bitumen. The poly(dioctyl fumarate-co-styrene) copolymers, PFS, were characterized by ¹H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopies and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in order to determine their monomer composition and weight average molecular weights, respectively. The polymer-bitumen blending conditions were optimized and the samples analyzed by different methodologies. Fluorescence microscopy, rotational viscosity and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the morphological changes of blends during their manufacturing and the rheological and thermal behavior, respectively. All modified bitumen (MB) exhibited higher viscosity than the based bitumen (BB) under studied conditions and this effect was more evident for the MB containing the higher molecular weight polymer. The addition of polymers to BB enhances the bitumen viscosity and thus increased the energy required for the flowing (activation energy calculated by Arrhenius equation). Thermal and morphological analysis showed that all MB exhibited good polymer- bitumen compatibility, which could be consider as a good starting point for a potential applications of this new material in road engineering.     

静电纺丝制备银修饰二氧化钛纳米纤维应用于光降解亚甲基蓝

采用静电纺丝法制备银修饰二氧化钛纳米纤维,通过XRD、TEM及UV-Vis等分析其基本物性,且在UV光与泛光波照射下探讨其对亚甲基蓝溶液的光降解效果。物性分析显示银修饰二氧化钛纳米纤维呈锐钛矿与金红石并存的多晶结构,且其在400~800 nm的吸光度峰值增强约50%,表明经银修饰后二氧化钛纤维的光吸收范围大大扩展。光降解分析显示经UV照射120 min后银修饰二氧化钛纳米纤维可将MB溶液的吸光度峰值降至0,经泛光波照射120 min后亦可将MB溶液的吸光度峰值降至0.1以下,说明经银修饰后二氧化钛纤维对MB具有较好的UV与泛光波光降解效能。     

PA6纳米纤维化学镀铜的研究

采用静电纺丝制备的聚己内酰胺(PA6)纳米纤维为基材,通过氧气等离子体粗化处理,硫酸铜化学镀处理并对制得的镀铜PA6纳米纤维进行表面测试和导电性分析。结果表明:PA6纳米纤维化学镀铜后,金属铜均匀地覆盖在单根纤维表面,并以纳米级的球形铜颗粒生长。当反应温度为42℃,硫酸铜浓度由10 g/L增加至25 g/L时,PA6纳米表面电阻从831.35Ω/sq降至24.41Ω/sq,具有良好的导电性。     

π-Conjugated polyphenylene gels with charge transfer structures assisted by TCNQ

The reaction of π-conjugated poly(p-phenylene)s (PPPs) consisting of 2- or 3-amino-1,4-phenylene (NH₂Ph) and 2,5-dioctyloxy-1,4-phenylene (OctPh) or 9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl (HexFlu) rings [polymer-1: (NH₂Ph-OctPh)_n and polymer-2: (NH₂Ph-HexFlu)_n] with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) yielded gel-1 and gel-2. These gels were form through a charge transfer (CT) between the NH₂ group and TCNQ, causing the gels to be linked by a TCNQ dianion. ESR measurements suggest that radical species generated by CT in the gels are delocalized in the π-conjugated polymer backbone. UV–vis measurements revealed that CT between the NH₂ group and TCNQ was essential for gel formation. When a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/TCNQ solution was added to a chloroform solution of the polymers, the absorption corresponding to CT bands increased with an increasing amount of TCNQ. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements suggested that TCNQ served as a quencher for fluorescent polymer-1 and polymer-2. Quenching behavior was investigated by Stern–Volmer analysis.     

A method for polymethymetacrylate coating via self-curable unsaturated polyester primer on metal and glass surfaces

A method was developed for protective coating of steel and glass surfaces with poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). In this method, first, a primer coating was formed on the flat surfaces using self-curable polyester, poly(2-hydoxypropyl maleate) (Polymer-1). The polyester was applied onto polished surfaces and heated at 180 °C for 15–120 min to obtain transparent and crosslinked primer layer without using additional crosslinker.