NiMo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的组织与力学性能

本文通过粉末冶金法制备Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,研究Ni Mo粘结相含量和烧结温度对Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ni Mo粘结相含量的增加,硬质相颗粒弥散分布更加均匀,黑芯相得到细化,芯-环结构更加完整,环形相变厚,组织更加均匀。当Ni质量分数为30%时,在XRD图谱中出现明显的Ni4Mo类型的金属间化合物的衍射峰。粘结相含量越高,Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的抗弯强度越高,硬度越低。随着烧结温度升高,黑芯相尺寸变小,环形相变厚。抗弯强度随着温度先升高后降低,粘结相含量越高,抗弯强度峰值对应的烧结温度越低。1 430℃烧结的20Ni Mo金属陶瓷硬度HRA达到91,抗弯强度大于2 000 MPa。     

烧结温度对(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)金属陶瓷组织结构和性能的影响（英文）

以(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷材料为研究对象,研究烧结温度对金属陶瓷的成分、微观组织和力学性能的影响,初步探讨成分、微观组织与材料强度的关系。结果表明:烧结温度对(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷组织特征有显著的影响;合金的总碳含量随着烧结温度的提高而降低,当烧结温度达到1490℃时,合金总碳的急剧降低,导致合金组织中出现脱碳相(η相),从而使得合金的硬度(HV30)、断裂韧性(KIC)和抗弯强度(TRS)降低;1470℃烧结温度下,(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷合金的HV_(30)、K_(IC)和TRS的匹配最佳,在实际应用工况下的综合切削性能最优。     

烧结温度对(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)金属陶瓷组织结构和性能的影响

以(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷材料为研究对象,研究烧结温度对金属陶瓷的成分、微观组织和力学性能的影响,初步探讨成分、微观组织与材料强度的关系.结果 表明:烧结温度对(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷组织特征有显著的影响;合金的总碳含量随着烧结温度的提高而降低,当...     

烧结工艺和粘结相对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织的影响

采用真空烧结法制备了高密度Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,通过SEM和EDS等分析手段分别研究了烧结工艺参数和粘结相成分对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和断口形貌的影响.结果表明:经1220℃保温2h处理后的试样显微组织致密,气孔少,具有典型的“芯-环”结构且分布均匀,其断口形貌呈现出较多的韧窝和发达的撕裂棱,断口整体较为致密、层次感较强;在相同的烧结工艺下,粘结相成分为10％Ni5％Co的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织致密、晶粒细小,粘结相分散更加均匀,断裂方式主要是沿晶断裂,伴有大量断裂韧窝和发达的撕裂棱的出现.高含量Co替代Ni的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷试样断口形貌较为平整、发亮,具有穿晶断裂特征.     

碳含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响

通过真空烧结方法制备了4种碳含量的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,通过X射线衍射分析仪、扫描电镜、万能力学试验机、维氏硬度测试仪等仪器检测Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷试样的物相结构、微观组织、抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性,分析了碳含量和烧结工艺对Ti(C,N)基金属显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,增加碳含量和提高烧结温度能促进烧结过程中的冶金反应,金属陶瓷显微组织中具有黑芯-灰环结构硬质相的黑芯部分体积分数减少,环形相体积分数增加,粘结相体积分数减少,显微组织均匀化。碳含量对横向抗弯强度(TRS)有显著影响;碳含量对硬度(HV)和断裂韧性(KIC)的影响较小,随碳含量上升,均略有增加。在1 440~1 500℃范围烧结,金属陶瓷的TRS保持在相近的水平值;随烧结温度升高,硬度HV下降;高温1 520℃烧结,能显著提升Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的断裂韧性KIC,提高裂纹扩展阻力。     

纳米TiN改性Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的抗热震性能

为研究不同粘结相对纳米TiN改性Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷抗热震性能的影响,真空烧结制备了粘结相质量分数分别为20%Ni、10%Co-10%Ni和20%Co的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷。采用扫描电镜研究了材料的组织,并测量了力学性能。采用压痕-急冷法主要研究了其抗热震性能,结果表明,随着温度的升高和热循环次数的增加,裂纹增长,粘结相为Ni的金属陶瓷的抗热震性优于粘结相为Co的金属陶瓷。显微照片表明,裂纹主要沿硬质相/粘结相界面及粘结相扩展。     

烧结工艺和Y_2O_3添加量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响

以TiC、TiN、Ni、Co等粉末为主要原料,以稀土Y2O3为添加剂,采用无压烧结技术制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,研究烧结工艺和稀土Y2O3添加量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着温度的升高,TiC、TiN、WC、Cr3C2、Mo等相逐渐消失,向硬质芯相扩散发生固溶,经溶解-析出过程,最终形成新的Ti(C,N)硬质相和(Cr,W,Mo,Ti)(C,N)固溶体环形相,黏结金属Ni和Co主要以Ni相、TiCo和Co3W3C中间相的形式存在;稀土Y2O3的添加未改变Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷烧结过程中的相结构演变过程,材料的显微硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性均随Y2O3添加量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,当Y2O3的加入量为0.8%(质量分数)时,Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的力学性能最佳,样品的显微硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性相比1450℃烧结50 min样品的分别提高了7.9%、45.8%和6.1%。     

稀土元素Y对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响

研究了稀土元素 Y对 Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织和性能的影响。 Y在 Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷中可以起到净化粘结相 /硬质相界面的作用 ,并使其包覆层的厚度略有增加 ,从而使硬质相颗粒得到细化。当 Y含量为 0 .8wt%时细化效果最明显 ,此时 Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的抗弯强度和硬度值最大。     

(Ti,W,Mo,Ta,Nb,Zr)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)金属陶瓷的烧结致密化过程研究

本文研究了(Ti,W,Mo,Ta,Nb,Zr)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷材料烧结致密化过程、烧结过程中金属陶瓷的成分、组织结构和性能的变化,初步探讨烧结工艺控制对成分、组织结构和性能的影响。研究结果表明：(Ti,W,Mo,Ta,Nb,Zr)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷致密化过程中,合金因烧结而引起的质量损失在液相出现前的固相烧结阶段基本结束;而1340℃以后,由于液相的出现,合金的体积收缩和密度急剧上升。烧结过程中氮含量的变化趋势与合金磁性能的变化趋势一致,金属陶瓷合金成分中氮含量的变化对合金固溶体的形成有显著的影响。在1490℃烧结温度下,(Ti,W,Mo,Ta,Nb,Zr)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)金属陶瓷的综合力学性能最佳,而通过合适的N₂分压烧结工艺,可以实现对(Ti,W,Mo,Ta,Nb,Zr)(C,N)-(Co,Ni)基金属陶瓷强韧性的进一步提升。     

烧结气氛对Ti(CN)基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响

用X射线衍射、背散射扫描电镜及能谱仪等分析手段研究了烧结气氛(真空、N2、Ar)对不同成分TiC基和Ti(CN)基金属陶瓷合金显微组织和性能的影响.金属陶瓷在N2和Ar中烧结后,合金碳含量比在真空中烧结的碳含量低0.5%左右;在N2中烧结后,合金的氮含量提高了0.5%左右.环状结构心部可以是以钨等重金属元素为主要成分的碳化物,也可以是以钛为主要成分的碳化物和碳氮化物.环状结构为金属元素含量和分布不同的(Ti,W,Ta,Mo,Co,Ni)(C,N)固溶体,粘结相是与Ti,W,Ta,Mo,C,N等元素有不同溶解度的钴镍固溶体.真空烧结后组织结构比较均匀,合金的性能最好.在Ar、N2中烧结后,气氛中的氧和氮参加烧结反应,影响合金成分碳氮平衡,在合金表面形成壳层结构,产生表面缺陷,合金的密度、显微硬度、抗弯强度均有比较大的降低;N2气氛影响更大.     

镍钴对超细Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响

研究了Co部分和全部代替Ni对超细Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪对物相研究发现:金属相中w(Co)=10%和w(Co)=15%时,金属陶瓷中出现金属间化合物,并且有两种Co的同素异构体并存;力学性能测试表明:5%的Co取代5%的Ni可以明显提高金属陶瓷的抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性。金属相为10%Ni-5%Co时,材料的综合力学性能最好。     

冷却方式对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用真空烧结工艺制备微米级Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷。通过XRD、SEM等研究了液相烧结后,冷却方式对微米级Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷显微组织、力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,烧结后随炉冷却,烧结体可获得较均匀的显微组织,且环形相完整且厚度适中;冷却时,在液相阶段增加保温台阶,晶粒有所长大且有发生团聚现象发生,环形相变厚,导致材料的力学性能下降。微米级Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷烧结后合适的冷却方式为无保温、随炉冷却。     

热压工艺参数对WC-Cu基胎体力学性能的影响

在深部钻探中,WC-Cu基金刚石钻头胎体被广泛使用。为了提高钻头使用性能,在同一胎体配方下,采用正交试验方案对热压参数进行设计,并烧制试样进行抗弯强度和显微硬度测试。通过方差和极差分析不同烧结温度(A)、烧结压力(B)、保温时间(C)、冷却方式(D)对金刚石钻头胎体力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:对纯胎体和含金刚石胎体抗弯强度影响的顺序为A>D>B>C;对胎体维氏硬度影响的顺序是A>C>B>D。本次正交试验中的最优理论烧结参数为A₃B₃C₁D₄,即烧结温度为960 ℃、烧结压力为16 MPa、保温时间为3 min、冷却方式为400 ℃保温炉冷。此时,与理论参数最接近的工艺试验结果为:纯胎体抗弯强度为983.33 MPa、硬度为437.40 HV,金刚石胎体试样抗弯强度为525.00 MPa。      

硬质相比例含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织和力学性能的影响

本文采用真空烧结方法制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,结合光学金相显微镜、SEM以及力学性能检测等手段,研究了硬质相Ti(C0.5,N0.5)、(Ti39.8W46.9)C的比例含量对金属陶瓷微观性能、力学性能的变化规律。结果表明,经过真空条件1 450℃烧结60 min,不同比例硬质相的金属陶瓷微观组织均出现有明显的核芯/环形结构。随着硬质相(Ti39.8,W46.9)C含量增加,Ti(C0.5,N0.5)相含量减小,黑芯硬质相数量减小,环形相厚度增加,白芯硬质相增加。基体硬度逐渐降低而抗弯强度则逐渐增加,断裂韧性随白芯数量增加而有所提升。通过研究综合性能,当硬质相Ti(C0.5,N0.5)和(Ti39.8W46.9)C的质量分数比例分别为29.6%及29.5%,力学性能最佳,硬度达到92.2±0.3 HRA,抗弯强度为2 050±50MPa,断裂韧性为10.2±0.2 MPa·m1/2。     

Effect of sintering on microstructures and properties of sub-micron Ti （C, N）-based cermets

The influence of different sintering processes, including vacuum sintering, vacuum sintering followed by HIP and sintering-HIP, on the microstructure and properties of sub-micron Ti(C,N) cermets with various binder contents was studied. Image analysis based on back-scattered electrons image observations was used to determine the morphologic and structural characteristics. Transverse rupture strength(TRS), hardness, fracture toughness were measured and TRS data were treated by Weibull statistics further. It is shown that a very significant improvement in TRS can be obtained by HIP or sintering-HIP treatment for the alloys with lower and middle binder content at the controlled cooling rate, but the effect is not obvious for the alloys with higher binder content. HIP is also helpful for improving the hardness of sub-micron Ti(C,N) cermets, however, but can lower the fracture toughness. The varia-tion of these properties was interpreted in terms of the difference in morphologic and structural characteristics.     

Effect of carbon content and cooling mode on the microstructure and properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets

Ti(C,N)-based cermets were prepared by vacuum liquid sintering. The effects of carbon content as well as cooling mode on the microstructure, magnetic and mechanical properties of the cermets were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Hardness and transverse rupture strength (TRS) were also measured. The grains of Ti(C,N)-based cermets became finer and solid solubility of titanium, molybdenum, tungsten in binder phases decreased with increasing carbon content. The thickness of the rim phases increased when the cermet was annealed at 1360 °C for 30 min during cooling, which resulted in the decrease of the hardness and the transverse rupture strength (TRS). On the other hand, the magnetic saturation of Ti(C,N)-based cermets increased with increasing carbon content, which was due to the decrease of the solid solution of alloy elements in binder phases.     

Effect of WC addition and cooling rate on microstructure,magnetic and mechanical properties of Ti(C0.6,N0.4)-WC-Mo-Ni cermets

Ti(C_0.6,N_0.4)-8Mo-xWC-25Ni (x = 0, 3, 6 and 9 wt%) cermets were synthesized under different cooling rates by vacuum sintering. The influence of WC addition and cooling rate on microstructure, magnetic and mechanical properties of the as-prepared Ti(C,N)-based cermets was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and physical property measurement system (PPMS). The results revealed that the grain size of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets became finer with WC addition. Furthermore, room-temperature saturation magnetization (M_s), remanence (M_r) and Curie temperature (T_c) of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets initially decreased with increasing WC content, followed by a gradual increase. Cermets bacame paramagnetic at x = 6 under the cooling rate of 2 °C/min, x = 6 and 9 under the cooling rate 35 °C/min, respectively. The decrease in magnetic properties could be ascribed to the enhanced solid solubility of alloy elements in Ni-based binder phase. Moreover, the hardness and transverse rupture strength (TRS) of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets initially increased and followed by a gradual decrease, whereas the fracture toughness initially decreased followed by an increase with increasing WC content. At the same value of x, the Ti(C,N)-based cermets exhibited better magnetic and mechanical properties at the cooling rate of 35 °C/min than that at the cooling rate of 2 °C/min, which could be attributed to the grain refinement strengthening and solid-solution strengthening of the binder phase.     

Development of TiCN-based cermets: Mechanical properties and wear mechanism

In order to improve the performances of TiCN-based cermets, researchers have paid much attention directly towards developing various new spices of cermets. The present review will try to sum up the efforts in designing and tailing in compositions and microstructures of TiCN-based cermets in recent years aiming at enhanced cermet properties. The relationship between the cermet constituents and their mechanical properties and wear resistance, as well as the advances in the synthesis of TiCN powders and preparation of TiCN-based cermets were included. Special emphasis was paid on the preparation of ultrafine/nano TiCN-based cermets possessing enhanced hardness, mechanical strength, toughness and wear resistance, which has led to a very recent surge of interest in the development of TiCN-based cermets. In particular, it has been possible to obtain dense TiCN-based cermets with ultrafine- and/or nano-structures by means of fast sintering techniques, such as spark plasma sintering, microwave vacuum sintering and so on.     

烧结工艺对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,利用金相图像分析系统和扫描电镜观察陶瓷表面孔洞和微观组织形貌,分析了热处理和烧结气氛工艺对不同碳氮比的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响.结果表明:真空烧结后的热处理工艺可使Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的横向断裂强度提高10%以上,硬度也有不同程度的提高,其中Ti(C0.5 N0.5)基金属陶瓷适合采用低压工艺处理,Ti(C0.7 N0.3)基金属陶瓷适合采用热等静压工艺处理.氮气气氛烧结中,Ti(C0.5 N0.5)基金属陶瓷在氮分压值为2kPa时的横向断裂强度达到最大值,而硬度变化不明显,这可归因于合适的氮分压阻碍了金属陶瓷内氮化物的分解,提高了材料的致密度,细化了晶粒组织.     

Influence of Mo on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC-based cermets

The microstructures and mechanics properties of TiC-based cermets composed of TiC, WC, Ni, Co, Mo, and Cr₃C₂ were investigated. The results show that Mo has a great effect on the sintering densification, microstructures, and mechanical properties. The microstructures and distribution of Mo and Ti in the TiC-based cermets were analyzed. It was indicated that a new phase with Ti, Mo, W, and C was formed on the rim of (Ti,W)C grains by means of an addition of Mo into the TiC-based cermets. The new phase with a surrounding structure was of great aid to improve the wettability of the liquid phase on the solid phase surface of TiC, decrease the porosity and refine the grains of the hard phase, which gave rise to the increase in strength and hardness. The properties of the TiC-based cermets could be further improved to some extent by adding WC, Cr₂C₃, and Co.