木瓜蛋白酶酶解猪骨素蛋白工艺的研究

在单因素实验基础上,通过正交实验探讨了木瓜蛋白酶酶解猪骨骨素蛋白的工艺条件.结果显示,在本实验条件下,木瓜蛋白酶酶解猪骨骨素蛋白的最佳工艺为:温度55℃,pH6.5,加酶量10000U/g,料液比1:12.5g/mL,酶解3h,此条件下水解度可以达到16.95%.     

Protamex复合蛋白酶酶解猪骨的工艺研究

研究并优化采用Protamex复合蛋白酶酶解猪骨的工艺条件。以酶解温度、时间、pH值、加酶量、料液比为因素,以水解度为指标,采用正交试验对酶解工艺参数进行优化。结果表明,利用Protamex复合蛋白酶酶解猪骨的最佳条件是:酶解温度45℃、pH7.0、酶解时间6 h、加酶量0.4%(W/W)、料液比1∶10(W/V)。在此条件下,水解度可达到10.08%。研究结果为工业化猪骨副产物的综合利用提供理论依据和技术支持。     

骨肉酶解工艺条件研究

为了进行猪骨肉的综合利用,本实验以猪骨为原料,研究木瓜蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的水解效果以及最适蛋白酶的酶解温度、pH、酶用量、料液比和酶解时间对骨肉蛋白水解度和总氮回收率的影响。结果表明：胰蛋白酶为最佳骨肉水解酶,胰蛋白酶水解猪骨的最佳工艺参数为：酶解时间为5h、酶解温度60℃、pH8、酶用量5000U／g原料、料液比为1：5。     

鲤鱼蛋白控制酶解及其酶解产物抗氧化研究

以鲤鱼为原料,利用枯草杆菌蛋白酶对鲤鱼蛋白进行控制酶解,制取富含多肽的酶解液,并对其抗氧化性进行研究。以水解度、多肽含量、氨基酸含量、抗氧化性为指标,对自由基清除率评价其抗氧化性。通过单因素试验,研究酶解温度、pH值、酶用量、酶解时间、料液比等因素对酶解过程的影响,并进行三元二次回归设计,对最佳的酶解工艺条件进行优化。结果表明：以枯草杆菌蛋白酶对鲤鱼蛋白进行酶解,最佳工艺参数为酶解温度62℃、酶用量100U/g、料液比1:2(g/mL)、pH7.0、酶解4h。此条件下,酶解液多肽含量为0.704mg/mL,对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除率分别为73.41%和59.78%,酶解液有很好的抗氧化性。     

猪骨呈味物质提取的研究（Ⅰ）—酶解猪骨最佳工艺条件

本实验对猪骨酶解前的热处理和超声波预处理等前处理方法及木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶双酶水解猪骨工艺进行了研究。结果表明：猪骨热处理的最佳条件为温度90℃，时间10min；猪骨超声波预处理最佳反应条件是：总超声时间为10min、超声波功率为400W。猪骨酶解前经热处理后，水解度和氮收率分别提高了30.84%、10.99%；经超声波预处理后，水解度和氮收率分别提高了84.57%、66.45%；因此，超声波预处理要明显比热水预处理好。试验确定最佳的双酶水解工艺条件为底物浓度15%、E/S6000U/g、酶解时间4h、酶解温度50℃、酶解pH值7.5、木瓜蛋白酶量：胰蛋白酶量1：1。在确定的最佳条件下对猪骨进行超声波预处理和双酶水解，水解度为25.99%、氮收率为66.35%。     

蛋白酶酶解酱油沉淀的工艺研究

对蛋白酶酶解低盐固态和原池浇淋2种酿造工艺的酱油沉淀进行了研究,分析了中性蛋白酶的加酶量、pH值、酶解时间、料液比对蛋白质水解度的影响,并通过正交试验优化了中性蛋白酶酶解酱油沉淀的工艺条件,确定了工艺参数.其最佳工艺条件为原池浇淋酱油沉淀的最佳酶解条件为料液比1∶3,酶解6h,加酶量为4000U/g原料,pH值为6.5,水解度可达到43.8％;低盐固态酱油沉淀的最佳酶解条件为料液比1∶3,酶解8h,加酶量为6000U/g原料,pH值为6.5,水解度可达到53.8％.方差分析表明,4因素均对水解度有显著影响.利用中性蛋白酶可较有效地酶解酱油沉淀.     

猪骨呈味物质提取的研究(I)——酶解猪骨最佳工艺条件

本实验对猪骨酶解前的热处理和超声波预处理等前处理方法及木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶双酶水解猪骨工艺进行了研究。结果表明:猪骨热处理的最佳条件为温度90℃,时间10min;猪骨超声波预处理最佳反应条件是:总超声时间为10min、超声波功率为400W。猪骨酶解前经热处理后,水解度和氮收率分别提高了30.84%、10.99%;经超声波预处理后,水解度和氮收率分别提高了84.57%、66.45%;因此,超声波预处理要明显比热水预处理好。试验确定最佳的双酶水解工艺条件为底物浓度15%、E/S6000U/g、酶解时间4h、酶解温度50℃、酶解pH值7.5、木瓜蛋白酶量:胰蛋白酶量1:1。在确定的最佳条件下对猪骨进行超声波预处理和双酶水解,水解度为25.99%、氮收率为66.35%。     

酶法水解大鲵蛋白的工艺研究

选择中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、动物蛋白水解酶、风味酶水解大鲵蛋白,分析酶的种类、酶解pH值、时间、温度、料液比和酶浓度对水解效果的影响.以水解度为指标通过正交试验确定酶水解大鲵的最佳工艺:选用动物蛋白水解酶,在pH8.0,水解温度50%,水解时间7h,料液比1:5,酶浓度2000U/g条件下,水解度可达44.05%.     

骨素酶解工艺条件的响应面法优化

通过响应面法分析了木瓜蛋白酶酶解骨素的工艺条件,以水解度、鲜味、酸味、苦味为评价指标,建立了水解度与酶解温度、酶解时间、pH及酶用量之间的相关性模型,并对最优酶解工艺进行了优化,验证结果表面所得模型可用于预测不同酶解条件下骨素的水解度;优化结果显示,酶解温度60℃、酶解时间5 h、pH4、酶用量8 750 U/g时,木瓜蛋白酶酶解骨素的水解度最高,所得酶解液的鲜味强于酸味,无苦味。     

响应面法优化双酶水解黄鳍金枪鱼胰脏的工艺研究

本试验以水解度为指标,研究了酶解时间、酶活比、料液比、加酶量、pH和酶解温度6种因素对酶解反应的影响。在此基础上设计了3因素(酶解时间、pH和酶解温度)3水平的响应面试验,对木瓜蛋白酶与碱性蛋白酶双酶组合水解黄鳍金枪鱼胰脏制备生物活性肽的工艺进行优化,为获得高活性蛋白多肽及有效利用金枪鱼胰脏提供科学依据。结果表明,木瓜蛋白酶与碱性蛋白酶双酶水解黄鳍金枪鱼胰脏的最佳酶解条件为:酶活比1:1、料液比为1:10、加酶量30mg/g、pH7.55、酶解时间3.39h、酶解温度55.73℃。利用优化双酶水解条件制得的低分子多肽的水解度高达60.22%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press