Al-Si复合Al_2O_3-β-SiAlON-C材料加热过程中性能、相组成和显微结构的变化

以电熔白刚玉(≤0.5、≤0.088和≤0.045 mm)、熔融石英(≤0.5 mm)、鳞片石墨(≤0.15 mm)、矾土基β-SiAlON(≤0.088 mm)、Al粉(≤0.074 mm)和Si粉(≤0.074 mm)为主要原料,以热固性酚醛树脂为结合剂,制成25 mm×25 mm×125 mm的Al-Si复合Al2O3-β-SiAlON-C试样,经200℃固化24 h后,分别在800、1 000、1 200、1 400和1 600℃下埋炭(石墨)保温3 h,冷却后测定其体积密度、显气孔率、常温耐压强度、常温抗折强度、高温抗折强度和抗热震性,并进行XRD和SEM分析.结果表明:1)随着热处理温度的升高,Al-Si复合Al2O3-β-siAlON-C试样的显气孔率均下降,体积密度、常温耐压强度、常温抗折强度、高温抗折强度、热震后残余抗折强度均逐渐提高,但其抗折强度保持率在经1 000℃热处理后最高,随后逐渐降低;2)在高温还原气氛的热处理过程中,试样中的Al、Si与C(CO)或N2反应,原位生成了AlN、β-SiC、Al4C3和β-SiAlON等非氧化物,对试样具有填充气孔及增强增韧的作用.     

Zn对Al2O3-Al-C滑板中温性能和显微结构的影响

以板状刚玉、氧化铝微粉、金属铝粉、金属锌粉为主要原料,以酚醛树脂为结合剂,制备Al_2O_3Al-C滑板样品。研究了金属锌粉的引入对Al_2O_3-Al-C滑板显微结构和性能的影响。结果表明:在450～1050℃热处理温度条件下,锌粉的引入改变了滑板中金属铝粉的反应进程,金属锌粉氧化后形成的氧化锌沉积在金属铝粉表面,改变了金属铝粉熔化、扩散和反应的进程,有利于材料在较低温度下形成金属结合,提高中温(600～1100℃)性能。锌粉的引入对材料显微结构有较大影响,900℃热处理3 h后材料内部形成大量颗粒状、柱状和针状氮氧化物,1 050℃热处理3 h后材料内部形成大量碳化铝纤维,有利于材料性能的提高。     

Al_2O_3-Si材料埋炭加热过程中性能和显微结构的变化

以电熔刚玉(骨料和细粉)和Si粉(加入质量分数为5%或8%)为原料,以纸浆废液为结合剂,压制成Al2O3-Si样坯,在1000～1600℃埋炭加热后,检测其物相组成、显微结构和性能的变化。结果表明:(1)1100℃以前物相和结构没有变化;(2)1200℃烧后,Si开始与CO反应生成晶须状SiC,且晶须相互交叉连锁,材料开始烧结,其高温抗折强度和抗热震性明显提高;(3)1300～1400℃烧后,SiC晶须生成量明显增加,且发育长大,形成交叉连锁的网络结构填充在刚玉骨架中,材料烧结良好,具有更高的高温强度和更好的抗热震性,而且1400℃烧后试样中还出现少量O’-SiAlON晶体;(4)1500～1600℃烧后,SiC晶体发育长大,呈枝杈状和弯曲状,SiC生成量略有增加,试样的高温强度和抗热震性变化不明显,表明在此温度范围材料烧结基本完成。     

Al_2O_3-Si材料加热过程中物相组成和显微结构研究

以电熔刚玉骨料和细粉为主要原料,引入5%～8%的Si粉,以纸浆废液为结合剂制备了Al_2O_3-Si材料.研究了Al_2O_3-Si材料埋碳加热(1000～1600 ℃)过程中物相组成和显微结构的变化.结果表明: 1200 ℃烧后,Si开始与CO反应生成晶须状SiC,且晶须相互交叉连锁.1300～1400 ℃烧后,SiC晶须生成量明显增加,且发育长大,形成交叉连锁的网络填充在刚玉骨架结构中.1400 ℃烧后试样中还出现少量O'-SiAlON晶体.1500～1600 ℃烧后,SiC晶体发育长大,呈枝杈状和弯曲状.1400～1500 ℃烧后残留Si已熔化,发生塑性变形,起助烧结作用.     

煅烧气氛对Al2O3-Si材料组成、结构和性能的影响

以电熔白刚玉、α-Al2O3微粉和Si粉为主要原料,以酚醛树脂为结合剂,制备Al2O3-Si复合材料试样.研究了煅烧气氛对1 500℃烧后试样性能、组成和显微结构的影响.结果表明:1)在氧化气氛和弱氧化气氛中煅烧后,试样表面生成含莫来石的玻璃膜,保护了试样内部的单质Si;由于单质Si的液相助烧结作用,试样的致密度和常温强度较高,但其高温抗折强度和抗热震性较低.2)在弱还原气氛和还原气氛中煅烧后,试样中的单质Si完全与Al2O3和通过气孔进入的CO、N2反应,生成晶须状SiC、粒状Si2N2O(或絮状O'-SiAlON),试样的致密度和常温强度减小,高温强度和抗热震性提高.3)在氮气气氛中煅烧后,Si完全反应生成短柱状β-SiAlON 和晶须状SiC,试样的高温强度和抗热震性明显提高.     

Fe2O3对天然原料合成Al4SiC4/Al4O4C复合耐火材料的影响（英文）

以焦宝石、活性炭和铝粉为原料并添加Fe2O3后制备了Al4SiC4/Al4O4C复合耐火材料。利用化学分析、X射线衍射和扫描电镜研究了Fe2O3对所制备复合材料的物相组成和显微结构的影响。结果表明：在烧结过程中,从1400℃开始,Fe2O3转变为低熔点物相Fe3Si,产生液相促进Al4SiC4成核、细化晶粒,同时包裹Al4SiC4。此外,未添加Fe2O3的样品中生成的Al4O4C短纤维,Fe2O3的加入使得Al4O4C相变为细小的晶粒。

Abstract：

Al4SiC4/Al4O4C composite refractory was synthesized by using flint clay,activated carbon and aluminum powders as the raw materials and Fe2O3 as the additive. The effects of Fe2O3 on the phase composition and microstructure of Al4SiC4/Al4O4C composite refractory were investigated by chemical analysis,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that Fe2O3 transforms into a low melting point phase of Fe3Si above 1 400 ℃,which leads to generate liquid phase and promote the nu-cleation and grain refinement of Al4SiC4 phase. Fe3Si also could coat Al4SiC4 grains. Moreover,the morphology of Al4O4C in Al4SiC4/Al4O4C composite refractory without addition of Fe2O3 is short fibrous-like structure,but changes into fine granules structure after adding Fe2O3.     

Al2O3—C基电熔材料

近年来,不断扩大的优质钢生产规模,要求创造对钢水、炉渣及热气体的侵蚀有更高抵抗性的耐火材料。在冶金工业中,广泛采用铝碳质耐火材料,因为该材料对炉渣、钢水、盐类的侵蚀具有较高的稳定性,以及此种复合材料还具有许多其它优点。还有关于有Al_2O_3(硫酸铝水溶液)和含碳组份(石墨、焦炭等)制取成球料的资料。但是,除了公认的优点之外,此种成分的耐火制品还存在一系列缺点,其中     

Al2O3-ZrO2系共晶组成研究

配制了Al2O3-ZrO2系含ZrO2的质量分数分别为25%,30%,35%,40%,45%和48%的6个组成的试样于电炉中熔融并快速冷却.借助SEM-EDAX研究了试样的显微结构,结果表明:在含ZrO2的质量分数为25%～40%的试样中可观察到初晶刚玉和细卵状共晶相组成;在含ZrO2的质量分数为45%～48%的试样中可观察到初晶ZrO2相和细卵状共晶显微结构.借助于EDAX测定了含ZrO2的质量分数为40%和45%两试样的共晶组成,其结果为含ZrO2的质量分数为43.3±0.4%.     

Al和Al-Si加入量对Al2O3-C材料高温性能的影响

在板状刚玉颗粒、板状刚玉细粉、α-Al2O3微粉和石墨含量(质量分数,下同)分别为65%、27%、6%和2%的Al2O3-C材料中,分别以5%、8%和11%的Al粉或Al-Si复合粉(8%Al 1.5%Si和8%Al 3%Si)替代等量的板状刚玉细粉,外加3.5%的热固性树脂混练均匀,成型后于800℃埋炭热处理3h。在埋炭条件下检测试样400~1400℃的热态抗折强度、200~1400℃的应力-应变、常温~1500℃的热膨胀率以及试样的抗热震性和抗氧化性,并对部分试样进行了XRD、SEM和EDS分析。结果表明(1)随着温度的升高,试样的热态抗折强度表现出先降低,后快速升高,最后慢速升高的变化趋势;温度≥1000℃时,试样的热态抗折强度随Al粉加入量的增多而提高;在加入Si粉后,试样的热态抗折强度进一步提高。(2)试样在低温时即产生塑性变形,一直到1400℃仍处于塑性变形阶段。(3)试样的抗热震性随Al粉加入量的增多而提高,在加入Si粉后继续小幅提高。(4)试样的抗氧化性随Al粉加入量的增加而提高,加入Si粉后由于形成致密的氧化层结构,抗氧化性进一步提高。     

矾土基锆刚玉对铝碳材料性能的影响

以电熔白刚玉、熔融石英(粒度≤0.5 mm)为骨料,鳞片石墨(粒度≤0.15 mm)、电熔白刚玉粉(粒度≤0.088 mm和≤0.045 mm)、矾土基锆刚玉(粒度≤0.088 mm)为基质,热固性酚醛树脂作结合剂,压制成125 mm×25 mm×25 mm的试样,经200℃固化24 h后,在埋炭条件下经1 200℃保温2.5 h烧制成碳质量分数为28%的铝碳材料。研究了用质量分数分别为3%、6%、9%、12%的矾土基锆刚玉等量替代铝碳材料中的石墨对其常温物理性能、热态强度和抗氧化性的影响,并采用SEM分析烧成后试样的显微结构。结果表明:(1)随着矾土基锆刚玉加入量的增加,试样的显气孔率下降,体积密度增加,常温和高温抗折强度升高,抗氧化能力增强;(2)矾土基锆刚玉的加入量超过6%,试样的抗热震性显著下降;矾土基锆刚玉取代碳的量不宜超过6%。     

使用后铝镁炭砖的显微结构分析

对宝钢电炉盛钢桶用铝镁炭砖使用后的显微组成和结构进行了分析 ,研究了用后铝镁炭砖的相组成和显微结构变化。结果表明 ,铝镁炭砖在使用过程中组成相的烧结反应产物产生的微膨胀使制品结构进一步致密 ,尤其是越靠近工作面 ,尖晶石晶粒尺寸越大 ,最终在工作面与蚀变铝酸钙一起形成致密层 ,有效地减缓和阻止了铁水和熔渣向砖内的侵蚀与渗透。     

Role of nano-ZrO2 powder in in-situ formation of ceramic whiskers in Al2O3-C slide plate materials

The effects of nano-ZrO₂ powder on the evolution of phase composition and microstructure of Al₂O₃–C materials during firing have been investigated using tabular alumina, Si powder, Al powder, graphite and nano-ZrO₂ powder as starting materials. The residual content of Al and Si gradually decreased with increasing temperature, and the added nano-ZrO₂ facilitates the reactions involving Si and Al. The quantity of in-situ synthesized AlN and SiC whiskers exhibiting continuous interlocking networks increased gradually with temperature. Nano-ZrO₂ facilitates more ceramic whiskers generated in samples, which play a strengthening and toughening role in the materials, thus improving the thermal shock resistance and high temperature strength of Al₂O₃–C materials. In addition, physical properties are improved due to the nano-ZrO₂ filling the pores and increasing the density of materials.     

铝碳质浸入式水□氧化铝结瘤机理的研究

分析了实际使用后的铝碳质浸入式水口的结瘤情况 ,对氧化铝结瘤机理提出了新的看法 ,为研究抗氧化铝结瘤的新方法和新材料提供了一定的理论和实验基础。     

AlN对Al2O3-C材料性能的影响

采用碳热还原法制备的AlN复合粉(主成分是AlN和Al2O3)部分取代Al2O3-C材料中的Al2O3微粉,研究了AlN复合粉加入量(分别为0、15%和25%)对Al2O3-C材料性能的影响。结果表明:(1)试样的显气孔率随AlN复合粉取代量的增加而增大,体积密度、常温抗折强度随AlN复合粉取代量的增加而减小;(2)AlN复合粉的引入能显著提高Al2O3-C材料的高温抗折强度;(3)添加AlN复合粉的试样经熔钢侵蚀后,在材料表面形成较连续的致密层,有利于提高材料的抗熔钢侵蚀性和冲刷性。     

铝碳滑板的高温力学性能研究

采用高温弯曲应力-应变试验方法和水冷法研究了3种含碳滑板(2种铝碳质,1种铝锆碳质)在不同温度下的应力-应变关系、抗折强度以及不同热震温差下的抗热震性能。结果表明1)含碳滑板材料在室温~1400℃的应力-应变关系分为弹性变形和塑性变形两个阶段在弹性变形的温度段,其断裂方式是典型的脆性断裂;在塑性变形的温度段,其断裂方式呈现韧性断裂特征;2)随着温度的升高,含碳滑板材料的热态抗折强度首先略有增大,到达转折温度(800℃)后开始减小,1400℃时试样的热态抗折强度约为13MPa;3)在ΔT=1200℃(水冷)条件下,铝碳滑板热震后的抗折强度保持率为43%,引入ZrO2可以改善其抗热震性,而用特级高铝矾土熟料部分替代刚玉会降低其抗热震性。     

Effect of Al2O3 particle size on the microstructure,phase transformation and mechanical properties of hot pressed Al2O3-CA6-ZrO2/Ni multi-phase composites

Al₂O₃-CA6-ZrO₂/Ni multi-phase composites were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing sintering at 1650 °C under the pressure of 30 MPa for 30 min. The microstructural evolution rule of the composites was investigated as a function of Al₂O₃ particle size. Upon increasing the Al₂O₃ particle size to 30 μm, the generated CA6 underwent a transformation from unfixed type to a plate-like pattern and to a combined CA6-Al₂O₃ matrix, whereas the fracture mode of m-ZrO₂ changed from an intergranular fracture to an intergranular and transgranular mixed type due to the improved interface binding energy. Additionally, satisfactory mechanical properties of the composites were achieved when the Al₂O₃ particle size was 30 μm. Under the synergistic effect of different strengthening and reinforcing phases, the inhomogeneous distribution caused by poor wettability between Al₂O₃ and Ni was effectively solved by the distributions of “intercrystalline type” and “intracrystalline type” for the Ni phase. The mechanisms of the microstructural evolution, phase transformation and improved mechanical properties are discussed in detail.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and toughening mechanisms of graphene reinforced Al2O3-WC-TiC composite ceramic tool material

The low fracture toughness of Al₂O₃-based ceramics limited their practical application in cutting tools. In this work, graphene was chosen to reinforce Al₂O₃-WC-TiC composite ceramic tool materials by hot pressing. Microstructure, mechanical properties and toughening mechanisms of the composite ceramic tool materials were investigated. The results indicated that the more refined and denser composite microstructures were obtained with the introduction of graphene. The optimal flexural strength, Vickers hardness, indentation fracture toughness were 646.31?±?20.78?MPa, 24.64?±?0.42?GPa, 9.42?±?0.40?MPa?m^1/2, respectively, at 0.5?vol% of graphene content, which were significantly improved compared to ceramic tool material without graphene. The main toughening mechanisms originated from weak interfaces induced by graphene, and rugged fractured surface, grain refinement, graphene pull-out, crack deflection, crack bridging, micro-crack and surface peeling were responsible for the increase of fracture toughness values.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ceramics obtained from chemically co-precipitated Al2O3-GdAlO3 nano-powders with eutectic composition

An efficient and flexible chemical co-precipitation method has been used to synthesize nanoscale Al₂O₃-GdAlO₃ powders with eutectic composition. The as-synthesized powders exhibit a highly dispersive and homogeneous distribution with an average particle size of 50 nm. The phase transition in the resulting powders strongly depends upon the calcination temperature. GdAlO₃ undergoes complete crystallization after calcination at 1050 °C, however, the diffraction peaks of α-Al₂O₃ are found at a relatively high calcination temperature of at least 1300 °C. The fully-densified Al₂O₃-GdAlO₃ ceramic with eutectic composition obtained by hot pressing the nanoscale powders at 1500 °C exhibits a room temperature flexural strength of 556 MPa, a Vickers hardness of 17.3 GPa and a fracture toughness of 7.5 MPa m^1/2. The high temperature flexural strength of the as-sintered Al₂O₃-GdAlO₃ ceramic is measured to be 515 MPa after bending tests at 1000 °C.