TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜光催化活性的研究进展

TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜相对纯TiO2薄膜更有利于提高光催化活性,针对TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜在提高光催化活性方面表现的优异性能,论述了其提高光催化活性的机理。根据近年来国内外TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜的研究现状,对溶胶-凝胶法、离子自组装成膜技术、射频磁控共溅射法、液相沉积法、化学气相法等制备方法的研究进展进行了综述,并对其优缺点进行了比较和评述。展望了TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜进一步研究的方向和需要解决的问题。     

液相沉积法制备纳米TiO2薄膜及其光催化活性研究

采用液相沉积法,在ITO玻璃上直接沉积出具有光催化活性的纳米TiO2薄膜。用XRD、AFM、UV—Vis对TiO2薄膜的物相、形貌、透明性和厚度等进行表征,并研究了TiF6^2-水溶液的浓度、反应物TiF6^2-和H3BO3的摩尔比、沉积时间等对沉积TiO2薄膜的结构和性能的影响。此外,还用亚甲基蓝的降解评价了TiO2薄膜的光催化活性。     

连续快速常压化学气相沉积法制备TiO2自清洁镀膜玻璃

以四异丙醇钛（TTIP）为先驱体，采用常压化学气相沉积（APCVD）法模拟镀膜工艺过程，制备出了TiO2自清洁镀膜玻璃。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、紫外．可见透射光谱（UV-Vis）等手段对样品进行分析，并研究了基板温度和移动速率与薄膜性能之间的关系。结果表明，当基板温度升高至580℃时，能够形成平整致密的薄膜，薄膜的结晶度，光催化性能和亲水性能也达到最好；基板移动速度下降到1．5m／min时，薄膜的结晶度，光催化性和亲水性也可得到改善。依据光催化性能和亲水性能测试，表明沉积TiO2薄膜的最佳条件为基板温度580℃，基板速度1．5m／min。     

银修饰氮掺杂TiO_2薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

TiO2具有光催化活性,因而被广泛应用于废水处理、空气净化、尾气处理等领域。研究表明,经掺杂的TiO2薄膜具有更优异的光催化活性。在众多的可掺杂元素中,N和Ag具有独特的性能特征,因此其可使TiO2薄膜的光催化活性得到较大提升。本文使用直流磁控溅射法和拼靶工艺制备了不同Ag含量的银修饰掺氮TiO2薄膜,并分析了薄膜的形貌结构、表面元素化学态、光学性能和可见光催化活性。研究表明:薄膜沉积过程中Ag含量对薄膜性能影响较大。在TiO2的表面,颗粒细小而均匀。随着Ag含量的增加,薄膜表面出现凸起颗粒,为Ag2O颗粒,且其尺寸逐渐增大;薄膜对350~800 nm波段光的吸收增强。当Ag含量为6.76%(原子比)时,薄膜具有最高的可见光催化活性。     

环保型TiO2薄膜玻璃性能的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法在玻璃表面制备了TiO2薄膜和掺杂铈或镧TiO2薄膜，利用高效液相色谱仪（HPLC）、紫外－可见分光光度计、扫描电镜（SEM）等测试手段，研究了不同气氛条件下热处理的TiO2薄膜对油酸光催化降解的影响，TiO2薄膜中掺杂稀土铈或稀土镧对油酸光催化降解的影响，薄膜内TiO2晶粒的分布及形态，薄膜表面化学稳定性等。结果表明空气气氛下处理的TiO2薄膜光催化效率最高。掺杂铈或镧有利于提高TiO2薄膜的光催化降解效率，涂层有利于提高玻璃的化学稳定性，但提高的程度不一。     

TiO2薄膜的LPCVD法制备、表征及光催化性能

采用简单易行的低压化学气相沉积法(LPCVD)在GaAs、Si和玻璃衬底上沉积了TiO2薄膜,通过HRXRD、FESEM、EDS等手段对薄膜进行表征,结果表明基片对薄膜的晶相和微观形貌有明显的影响。薄膜的光催化实验结果显示,在可见光的照射下,分解甲基橙溶液时,砷化镓基和硅基TiO2薄膜表现出更强的光催化活性。并探讨了基片对薄膜晶相、微观形貌、光催化活性的影响。     

A12O3／TiO2复合光催化薄膜的制备、表征及性能研究

近年来，二氧化钛光催化技术正成为光化学、能源、环境以及材料等领域的研究热点。作为一种新型的环境净化材料，TiO2光催化剂可广泛应用于污水处理、空气净化、抗菌除臭、表面防污、自清洁等方面，目前，TiO2光催化剂的固定化及其光催化活性的改善是TiO2光催化材料设计、开发和应用中急需解决的问题。本文利用阳极氧化和电沉积技术，在铝合金表面成功地制备出具有较好光催化活性的A12O2／TiO2复合薄膜。系统研究了复合薄膜的制备工艺；表征了复合薄膜的形貌、结构、成分以及光谱特性；详细分析了复合薄膜的光催化性能，并对这种特殊的复合薄膜形成机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明：电沉积液温度在薄膜制备过程中是最重要的影响因素，合理地控制沉积过程中的工艺参数可得到具有最佳表面质量和光催化性能的Al2O3／TiO2复合薄膜，H2SO4-Al2O3/TiO2复合薄膜经热处理，表面有锐钛矿结构TiO2生成，TiO2的晶粒尺寸在纳米量级；TiO2在加热过程中主要发生表面吸附水和吸附有机物的脱附、结晶水的失去及非晶相的晶化三种变化，且TiO2由无定形结构向锐钛矿晶体结构转变的温度为425℃左右；三种类型Al2O3／TiO2复合薄膜的表面形貌存在较大差异，这主要归因于三种铝阳极氧化膜的膜厚及表面微孔结构的不同；三种类型的复合薄膜均具有紫外光光催化活性；通过Fe离子掺杂改性以及萘酚蓝黑染料敏化处理后，复合薄膜的光催化性能可得到明显地改善；由薄膜形成机理的分析可知，TiO2主要通过交流电沉积过程中的阴极反应沉积于铝阳极氧化膜微孔处和表面上。     

中频交流反应溅射TiO2薄膜制备及光催化性能研究

利用中频交流反应磁控溅射技术制备TiO2薄膜，利用AES、XRD和SEM分析了制得的TiO2薄膜的成分、结构和表面形貌，并利用多种降解对象研究了TiO2薄膜的光催化降解性能．结果发现：利用Ar／O2混合气体反应溅射纯Ti靶制备的TiO2薄膜符合化学计量比，呈现柱状生长．TiO2薄膜均为锐钛矿相，晶粒随薄膜厚度增加逐渐长大．制得的TiO2薄膜对亚甲基蓝、甲基橙和敌敌畏都具有确实的光催化降解效果，同时具有很好的光催化性能稳定性。     

纳米TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化特性研究

以电化学方法合成的Al2O3多孔膜为基体，采用交流电沉积的方法在膜孔中沉积纳米TiO2，制备出纳米TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜。对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜的形貌、结构和组成进行了表征；对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化甲基橙溶液进行了研究。结果表明Al2O3／TiO2复合薄膜呈现出较好的光催化活性，电沉积TiO2的时间、热处理温度、选择不同光源照射均对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化活性有一定的影响。     

影响二氧化钛薄膜晶体结构的因素及研究进展

近年来,TiO2功能薄膜以其卓越的性能,尤其是优异的光催化性能,引起了国内外广泛关注.针对纳米TiO2功能薄膜气相沉积制备方法中影响TiO2薄膜结构的关键因素(如基体温度、退火温度、基片种类、氧分压、掺杂等)进行了系统总结,并介绍了其研究进展.     

DBD-CVD法制备掺氮二氧化钛薄膜及其结构性能

采用介质阻挡放电化学气相沉积(DBD-CVD)法制备TiO2透明自清洁功能薄膜,选用四异丙醇钛(TTIP)、NH3作为反应先驱体,另外再加入一定量的N2、Ar或者He作为稀释气体控制气体的流量和流速。通过对其进行X射线衍射、紫外-可见光谱、X光电子能谱、场发射扫描电镜、光催化性质、光亲水性质等测试表明,过DBD-CVD方法制备TiO2薄膜,只存在锐钛矿相,氮掺杂改变了薄膜中锐钛矿相晶粒生长的取向,从而影响薄膜的表面微观结构,促使光吸收限红移,提高了薄膜在可见光照射下的光催化效率,并改善了薄膜表面的亲水性能。     

Photocatalytic TiO(2) deposition by chemical vapor deposition

Dip-coating, spray-coating or spin-coating methods for crystalline thin film deposition require post-annealing process at high temperature. Since chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is capable of depositing high-quality thin films without post-annealing process for crystallization, CVD method was employed for the deposition of TiO(2) films on window glass substrates. Post-annealing at high temperature required for other deposition methods causes sodium ion diffusion into TiO(2) film from window glass, resulting in the degradation of photocatalytic efficiency. Anatase-structured TiO(2) thin films were deposited on window glass by CVD, and the photocatalytic dissociation rates of benzene with CVD-grown TiO(2) under UV exposure were characterized. As the TiO(2) film deposition temperature was increased, the (112)-preferred orientations were observed in the film. The (112)-preferred orientation of TiO(2) thin film resulted in a columnar structure with a larger surface area for benzene dissociation. Obviously, benzene dissociation rate was maximum when the degree of the (112) preferential orientation was maximum. It is clear that the thin film TiO(2) should be controlled to exhibit the preferred orientation for the optimum photocatalytic reaction rate. CVD method is an alternative for the deposition of photocatalytic TiO(2).     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange: influence of H2O2 in the TiO2-based system

The purpose of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic oxidation of a reactive azo dye. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 was studied using a reactor equipped with UV-A sources, with maximum emission at 365 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 powder (99.9% anatase) and thin films has been measured through the decomposition of methyl orange solutions. The thin film was prepared by doctor blade and spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD). The TiO2 suspensions were prepared at 1 g/L concentration, and the initial methyl orange concentration was fixed at 7.8125 mg/L. The influence of the TiO2 (powder or thin films) and/or O2 and H2O2 on the photobleaching rate, was tested under different experiments, at pH = 5. Thin films (doctor blade) of TiO2 formed of mezo-sized aggregates formed of nanosized anatase crystallites show better photobleaching efficiency than thin film (SPD) due to their large internal surface. The rate is even higher in H2O2 compared to oxygen environment.     

Properties of TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

With rapid progressive application of TiO2 thin films,magnetron sputtering becomes a very interesting method to prepare such multi-functional thin films.This paper focuses on influences of various deposition processes and deposition rate on the structures and properties of TiO2 thin films.Anatase,rtile or amorphous TiO2 films with various crystalline structures and different photocatalytic,optical and electrical properties can be produced by varying sputtering gases,substrate temperature,annealing process,deposition rate and the characteristics of magnetron sputtering.This may in turn affect the function of TiO2 films in many applications.Furthermore,TiO2-based composites films can overcome many limitations and improve the properties of TiO2 films.     

Ag/TiO2薄膜结构和光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了Ag掺杂的TiO2薄膜.用XRD、氮吸附法、UV-VIS-NIR分光光度计以及XPS对Ag掺杂后TiO2薄膜结构的变化进行了分析;用分光光学法通过在紫外光照下分解亚甲基蓝的实验比较了TiO2薄膜与Ag/TiO2薄膜的光催化性能.结果发现,掺杂适量的Ag有助于TiO2薄膜光催化氧化性能的提高,原因在于:（1）Ag通过引入耗尽层提高了TiO2的电荷分离能力,并吸引空穴向薄膜表面移动,结果使薄膜表面空穴的浓度提高,薄膜光催化效率提高;（2）Ag减小了TiO2粒子的粒径,使TiO2禁带宽度增大,薄膜光催化氧化的能力提高;（3）Ag掺杂后,TiO2薄膜表面对-OH基和水的吸附增加,使光照后TiO2薄膜表面活性自由基·OH的浓度增加,空穴向薄膜所吸附物质的转移能力提高.     

Effects of mineral tourmaline particles on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films

Titania composite thin films (T/TiO2) containing tourmaline particles were prepared by a sol-gel method, using alkoxide solutions as precursor. The tourmaline particles and thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and so on. The effects of tourmaline on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were measured with methyl orange as an objective photodegradation substance. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange conformed to the first-order kinetic equation and the composite thin films had better photocatalytic activity due to the cooperation of polarity and the far infrared emission of tourmaline. The T/TiO2 thin films including 0.5 wt% tourmaline exhibited better photocatalytic activity when heat-treated at 250 degrees C for 3 h, than pure TiO2 thin films under the ultraviolet irradiation.     

HNO3处理对TiO2纳米薄膜的光催化活性和表面微结构的影响

通过sol-gel工艺分别在钠钙玻璃和预涂SiO2涂层的钠钙玻璃基体上制备了TiO2光催化纳米薄膜．然后用1mol／L HNO3水溶液对煅烧后的薄膜进行酸处理。用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和紫外可见光谱(UV—VIS)对酸处理前后TiO2纳米薄膜进行了表征。用甲基橙水溶液的光催化脱色来评价TiO2薄膜的光催化活性。结果表明：SiO2涂层能有效阻止钠离子从玻璃基体向TiO2薄膜的扩散，普通玻璃表面的TiO2纳米薄膜经HNO3处理后，薄膜的光催化活性明显增强。这是由于TiO2纳米薄膜中的钠离子浓度降低以及表面羟基含量增加的缘故。     

溶胶凝胶法制备的TiO2薄膜结构对光催化活性的影响

TiO2多孔纳米薄膜采用溶胶－凝胶法在普通载玻片上制得。薄膜的结构如孔径、孔分布和厚度可控制。通过稀醋酸的分解来测定锐钛矿TiO2多孔薄膜的结构对光催化活性的影响。     

铝合金表面制备二氧化钛薄膜及其光催化活性研究

分别以阳极氧化处理的6061铝合金和纯铝为载体,用液相沉积的方法在载体上制备了二氧化钛薄膜.结果表明,在6061铝合金上的TiO2纳米薄膜呈现带有孔洞的竹节状结构,而纯铝基片上的TiO2纳米薄膜具有良好的一维贯通结构.这主要是在AAO模板制备过程中,由于铝合金中的合金元素Mg被氧化,其产生的氧化物体积比Al2O3的体积小所致.在铝合金表面的TiO2薄膜光催化性能优于纯铝表面的TiO2薄膜.铝合金表面制备的TiO2薄膜因其特殊的带孔洞的竹节状结构,使其比表面积比纯铝上的TiO2薄膜大,因此其光降解甲基蓝效果更好.TiO2对甲基蓝的光催化降解符合一级反应动力学公式,在0.1 mol/L的氟钛酸铵溶液中沉积得到的TiO2薄膜光催化性能最好,表观反应速率为k=0.00444/min.     

Synthesis of photocatalytic TiO2 thin films via the high-pressure crystallization process at low temperatures

TiO2 thin films with a monophasic anatase structure were synthesized via a high-pressure crystallization (HPC) process which successfully lowered the crystallization temperature of TiO2 films from 350 to 150 degrees C. The thermal budget and energy consumption during the crystallization process were markedly reduced and dense films without cracks were obtained. During the HPC process, crystallization took place throughout the films and TiO2 films with uniform crystallinity were obtained. The HPC process also led to an enhancement in the wettability of TiO2 thin films. The hydrophilicity of the films increased with heating temperatures via high-pressure annealing. In comparison with the conventional annealing, the HPC process not only produced TiO2 films with superior photo-induced super-hydrophilicity, but also led to higher photocatalytic activity of the films. The HPC process was confirmed to provide a new route for synthesizing well-crystallized anatase TiO2 thin films with high photocatalytic activity and good wettability at low temperatures.